ϹǴ
ߣһ
:365С˵(Www.365book.net)ռ,Ԥѧϰʹ,Ȩԭߺͳ,ϲ,ֶ֧Ĺ.

01

һ¡Ϲˮ

˵ֲǸȥͶ̥㿪ôʲôҶĬ˫ֽץŷ֣Ե˴

˵˾ûӣؼҺͰ˵˵ȥͱ

ôˣԵֵĳƢһĹۣʲôǣȻôרˡ

ϱ䣬ȴȼһȻ˵ҪӣȻ˵Ѿ˾ȥ˵ʱ黹ô̹Ȼν⵨ԽĴˡ

Խһţɫİµϳ쭵÷ɿ죬Ħ棬͵

ҶĬѾɵˣ˫ץŷ֣һ仰Ҳ˵ľХŵ粣Ƿعϣжʹ

־֮ԽŨأ˫˫ץʵĿ»ޱȣԳٶȣµˣ̫TMˡ

롭Ϲҡ¡ͣ¡ſ˵ĵˮƯĴ۾䣬˵Ŷ

۽Ѿ޳һŵŮˣε̾һٶȣȻһɲͣ·ߡ

ĺҲ˵ģԺͳһԵŮˣЩʲô͹ˣø𣿡

ҶĬ룬׷룬̸һ룬Ѿˡ˵Ĭ̶ȺЧʿ֪

֪һ˵ô໰л˲Ź۵ۣѾԼʱֻҪǣıϹͻǸ¹ޡ

ԭݴʣ˵ȴݵ÷ǳǡ棬Ƕⳡϵĵֻкü꽻ѣһȻòģһصָԡ

ǽһַſڣϰղȴѹե껹һ߰ŷһޡ˷ĦǼҳ㷹ȥһϧ

ҶĬʱ򶼾ԼһķԣǱķ㡣㵱Ȼԭʼ㣬ס

ѧʱҶĬһȺĳ룬ֱ˶ϲá

Ϊһ˶һ;ͱã⾫һҪǵòйͻ˯š

ʱĳҶĬקԼ˯½ڴǣվڴߵˡ

˫ۣضҪԷ԰ɣϵСŮ˵˵ͷ

ߵϱû䣬ԼԸ˵ԷҪǮ԰ɣ

ҶĬ֪϶ıɳԷȷʵҪǮӦû⣬ֵ˵ͷ

˴һĨ޵Ц׬ǮоаɣѾһˣҶĬóȻͷգգ۾ϸֵһ¡

ܺãҲ˯Ķľ׬ǮǳԷ㲻ҵóô˯֤ͬ㲻źôԷ



ҶĬܾ⣬ҲһȻӣ͸û׶ˡ

׽֢ڣǽƻյϹѾѹһ֣벻һһɻʤ

һֱһ·ƣһõʱⶼڼС

ҶĬһ·ƣͬһӣΪһҲһΨһһŮˣóԸ

ҵͥ飬һ˳˳ˮһ·޷޲ǶΪԼͻľһӣȻһ

ɽ죬עǸһӡ

ҶĬȷֱĴߺֻܵɴ۾Ѹײĳͷ뷢ֵʱһжѾˣֻƾűܽҶĬڻȻɢŵܰͷҶĬһӶû˵

£ǲֿ



ҶĬԺڰлָʶû۾ĽıƤ

ʱĳһԵӿ˳ļǵϹĻڻɲʱ޴ĳֺ͵֮䷢֨֨֨ѽĴ̶

ı˫ۣȥˣΪϹıţȫľģôϹһһ

ȥΪĲͣţ´һ߱佩Ӳʬ塣

һӶΧһת֪ˣҪô죬ԻŻʲô˼

ڴʵ佩Ӳ壬Ѫȫʪϡ۾ҿӢɫҿǸΰͦεûһ˿֪

ºűˣ˳۽ǣյۿͬһߵӣ˿ܿƵĵ䡣ҧ촽Щϸ֮

ءϹ𡭡ء

޵ĴʱͻȻһͷˣûҶĬ

£¸£ҶĬһֱͣƤͣǲ۾ײϹû¡ɡϤ˵г֣ϹΪʲô

Ѹٵ۾ȿǰ֮ҶĬŵùһ˫ˮĴ۾ŵĿŰԼߵˡ

㡭Сƨ˭

= =|||

ʱĳ뾪֮ԲѹҶԣĿ޺ѹģʶĻָߵҲԽԽ

ǸϤ𽥱ۣü۾ʱ㿴һССŮߣ۾ıţŨܾĽëſϵĶһ˫Сֻľ·˫Ų£ʾ״̬

СŮ޵ģ÷۵ȷδġֻϤƣϤ͸¶һϢһ޺пš

䣬Ѹ̧쵽ԼǰȻеĶǰȴһֻСİơȵ죬ȭͷǰҲһССȭͷ

ͷԼ忴ȥͬ˾㤡壬һġСкӣϴĻߵĳӣһ˫ֹСƤѥ䶼ˮʪ͸ɴǾ·ĻܿǼֵƵĺ

תͷһСȹСŮޣпʼһֲĲ롣ѵǴ˵еĽʬꣿĻǷ21͵ʬ

һжúͻȻôĥѾѧ޷Ԥ֪±侲ͷԡ

һֱץԼ½أԿ޺ҶĬƳˣûҶĬ

ǿг֣ô޷ȷһ£ǰſˮŮǲšõĴǿ϶ģ˼ӵĴ֮⣬ܿȻ

һ£һ𲢲档ٿСѾʪ͸ԼǰѾںб˰ɡ

̾һǿܽʬ˵˵˵ٿȫȫ̽͵׼

ȻһΣһӦٶ۵ȴ׵÷ǳ죬תԴ¿˿תͷɷµĵ˵ͷϹ׵ģǴԽˡ

ֻǣһķۡıŴ˵Ļֻҡͷ

ҶĬʵǸûϢˣѧһ꼶ʶһֱ˹ͬһҹӣѾȥʮꡣĺһֱϹ

ԣ˷˼£ֻҪϹһ𣬾һҲûС

ΪˮֻСޣʱѾԷ޸ĸлܶҪһʱָܻ

ҶĬӳָʾԹԵԭصȴůóȻҶΣ۾գգ͵Ĵ

ϹǽҪô죿ҾùҿԽС˵ľ飬ӦҪҵСһļˣȻԻס쵽󡣡

ôˣ˵ʶǵļ𣿡

ҶĬЩɺԵ촽Сüë壬ǵѽֲʶǡ˵ô죿

ͬҶĬģԵɺܶ࣬Դ棬տޱȵգ㲻Ǹѧ𣿿ϵӡ

ҶĬŽɵ̵ֶ̧СֱۣһֻץССİӷŵ̫¡ڼﵱ˿ȫְ̫̫ûѧСıȴѧ˲٣ⶼҪǶŶյ͡

µİӷһ˿˿͵İ׹⣬ҶԾ̾ǺѽһϴľȻǺů˵ܶࡣ

΢΢ЦЦͯ˵˵ĸ⣬һܸ㣻ڶļ۰ŮƷڣӲͽٳ˺Ʊģʧˮģǵļʱһڸˡ

һһ˵꣬ҶĬզ࣬ϹȻϹС̫Ϲֻ뵽˼Ǯһ㣬Ȼгô

ͬĵ˵ͷ˵öԣھҺˡʱҾͼװʧɻأҲʼߵĴԽŶɡ

췭˸ۣŹȻţš

㻹浱ӽˮˣװʧҲôСܱʲô˵ôյ£ʱԸֲһֲ档

˵˵һҶĬҲԼɣ˱Уû˰ɡװǴ˹ŴҲ˵аٷ֮ʮŵžŵĿǷ⽨ᣬƼȻǲģЩ˿϶šںһ磬ȥ䣬Щ뵽Ĳ˾ţаʱ򲻾Ͷˣ

ôһ˵ƺҲЩһʱ°ϸ˼ҶĬԼϹĻûɣӵˣױ

ҹľ˵ʱ϶ˣûɼЩǴڵġʱҪץʦʲôģΣˣ

ķ֮£Ĭˣ濴ԼƽԺٶ۵Żݽܵ˼ά

ⶼĶľ̸֮أ

ҶĬЦЦһ˫۾г״Ǹܡ

εĿһۣҲû׷ʡǵ˵ֿܣϸ뻹СΪǱаץסˣȷʵ鷳οײ֮£϶ûþˣΪ֮ҲֻݾСϼ¡

תͷ˿ߵСŮһۣζУû뵽¶ˣõûкֿһ¶һԭţֻ¶ᾪʧúܣľҲδһõĽ

ŵ̾һ˵ʧ취·̽̽˵ǵõʱŻЩмܲס˾Ϳ޾֣ǾԲ뿪֪𣿡

ҶĬѾϰԼϹָʾûԥһ˫ˮĴ۾صĵͷӦ¡

һоܽĻָҶĬ㿪ʼʵҲֺ꣬ʵͷһشȫµİ˺档

һ㿪ʼԼϹлϹ˵ʲôѽȨƶȻŮѽ˵С޼Ǿ̵Ļǵٵѽֺ͹ЩǲĴѽлУ˵ɶϵ



ȻǰĶһʱܵõ𰸵ķϻһȴʵʵڵײǳ̴󡭡ŶԣӦǳС˧ĵˡ

ɻ治һأС޵ʲôϵĿǰ޷ȷǲһͬˮǾˮһܱ嵽һɼǣļǺܸߵġ

·ǾգҶĬͻȻһץӴϹǲðɣ񲻾ףŶģ

ҶĬԱһĺҴ⣬ѾˣͻȻ÷ޱȣбߵСŮһۣεĳ̾һˣЩʱ֪ˣҪáֻˡ= =

ʶԣҲǿԼϹڱץıԵҶʶıֻ͡һ˫ԲĴ۾ҹȫ֪Ϊ

֮ʣԶԶЩ޵ĺתͷķȥ

ҶĬҲԹԵյ̽ĺԽԽҲԽԽ󣬿ˡ

ѾȲӵƽҶĬҲһݡ˺Ů˵һ𣬺ֻν

С㡭Сӡ



02

ԽԽҲԽԽҶĬųֱϸʣϹǲǵˣ

ţԼ˵ͷпܡ

ҶĬͻȻЩϾǼҪԵԼԤⲻδЩνȫЩ֪ʲôӵİˡСֽקϹӣһȥ̲ס˸

ϹҾе䡣˵Ѿʼ´תͷŷһѾͨ죬촽ҰûһѪɫ

һѵˮðˣæſ˫ͼɴʱǸСӣ뻳˳ֵĶڴʱԵ÷ѡ

˹״ŵüҲűЩ꣬廹治һĲ㡣

ϣǴƬ«έǱߡΪ鲻ˬ˵˲٣仹ǸͯȴԵĲ͡

ҶĬҧ촽ķֱվȻȺȥ

һֱʱҶĬŷ֣һƬܴĺΧŨܸߴ«έСһȥͬû볱ˮһ㣬Դ

ǣҶĬ֣ͷϸźԷֱ淽ҶĬҲ֪ܴҪ·ˣ͵źɡ

ССˣǣڴ̵«έһҰѼѵʱҶĬ۾ҰѼӶӣԷȴһҲתһ·Ŀǡ

ҶĬúܣɴ۾һգգ˶Ѿ߹ҰѼѣӻһתһʱģһݽϡǰһԣǱܵģճֻȥץߴִĲݹպþŵ˴ϢȺ

ֻ˳ȥűһȺȫͷʡҶĬûס˵һ˽ϡǰĳķֱźûϵͻȻ״

һûģҶĬ͵һˣҲˤ˸\ʺСޣͻʪ͸һڣӲǱС˶رǳ룬ֱӳأˮ

ҶĬ˷һѾɢķ٣űֱ«έվСӣŷͻȻЩ졣

Ŀ͸⽣Ƶģ·ܰҶĬȫ͵ȹڣ̧ͷ˫Ҫ˵۾





֮ɫΰ㷭ڵ«έﴫһıЦȻԴΪֱ׷ΧڵҰȫ˳ȥһʱ䣬ƽ«έһƬڡ

ҶĬһ˶ӣһָԼϹЦǰۻֱתԼϵϡͶˡ

һϷˮֻֻ۾棬ɫ˱

ʬʱС޾ڿ߼ʵ«έ£һЦöӶˣСҡҡλεģ·һƾͻᵹڵϣһ˱ֻЦŵСŮޣƺ˴ȥɱ

ҶĬһֱЦЦͷһĵԼæЦͷȥץϹӣⲻС鵽ȫཬһʱûסһЦ˳

Ǽ֣ڽľˡССбŵĲݸһһ˫ʷССһİڣˡЪɡ

޵ȥǸЦһӡ

ʱͻȻһľ

С㣡

žͿһɫȹŮһһǳıȻһѽҶĬ§˻ﻹ߶ллأллأҵˡ

߶͵ķſҶĬڵϣĿͷҶĬͱԭأȻǷ⽨ᡣ

ʱҲ׷׸ϵһС˴ǿȺ˽ȻһҶĬ¡

С˺͸ղŮһͨһ˵ϣֻĲǶ߷үڵһ͵ĳ롣ҲϵĿͷСӣǰĴֻūһȫʬһѣȫǷϻ

ֱҶĬʵûסǷűӴһִ磬ĵȻֹȹӵĹæһѰҶĬ˻ĶԹſڵϵİʲôʱСֵǮҪСҼСٳأ͵űӰƤ˳԰ɡ

˵겻ǽаСˣתͷָŶеСˣɵİŵҶ˷ֱȥ֪үүдүүǣ˵ССѾҵˣҶܵÿ죬Ͻȥ߼Ĵ˺ͺүˣǻżġȻպˮϽشõĴȥϺš

ҶĬŮӻܵϴ¶ȣæ塣¶ʪģ˷Ӵ˸ůˣøˡ

ŮȻĶæһС۹סҶĬСӣȻС㲻£ʹȥ˿ɶˡ

ʱ򣬳ҲѾһ׳С˱ͬһ˵ĳӡϵϡҲȥ¶һ

ҶĬ͵ЦϹʱ϶ıʮĴһʮСӱڻοϹҪӵĳƨԸ붼̲סҪЦ

ҶĬҧָͷԳ͵Ц֮ʡͻȻǰС˵Ļתͷһ˫۾ڡ

ִϸ浱ԼСأողԹŹ˸ʵ϶ǰϲ֪մ˶ٲϸôġ

ôһ룬ɫӵǸӣٲȻһֻ̫ƤҰǡ

ҶĬйεѹֱϮ˹æߵĽ֣Ȼؾص§ס˻Ĳӡ

ԹԵ֣־ԵĵһۣʾҪʼ۲һ

һ·ǰȥ֪˵ˣһʮһˡֻлһŮӡЩм䣬˵ǰ޺˴˼ɫ֮⣬ȫͬͬɫ¶

ɼӦŮ޼ūͣһֱŮִָ֣ɵļҶƴӣɼŮӵλһ㡣ֻǷ⽨ᣬŮǲ׳ͷ¶ģɴ˿ɼȻֻǸܳ谮̵ĴѾߡ

Ѿȵƺ˺ü֮ôҵǣµù鹦ҶĬɵȺĿЦ

뵽С˧粻̧Լ»մȾ,Ӣ󡣣= =

ܿҲ࣬Ҳֻһһˡһļͥȼķ⽨ᣬҲδһ¡



ǽҶūͰЧȷʵߣҶĬһȺ˴«έȺũҸݵС㿴һҲС·ɱ

ͷ࿡һӴֻʮꡣ\¿ͷ㣬̤̤ۣƼҶĬһʱЩˣʵİӰɫġ= =

걼ǰһԾɵ˵ϡȻӰһҶĬֻһһůԼѾıˡ

ԣø翴˵ĶôˮôûбˮǺţûбҧûŻˣ

һûУžʵҶĬסˣȫ֪ôϰԵ̧ͷȥϹȴǸĴĳ׶ĺ⡣

ǹ⻹ٵɨǱҶĬֱۣǴյҶĬСǰıӡȫӵǱΪloliȵĿ⡣

û취ҶĬֻԾˡ˫ֱĹڳﶯãֻþ֮ľ롣촽

硭

ѽ֪µͻȻһҶĬɫĲϡüȻһѽǲ

˭˵·СϵģôҶҺʱ˷˵ѾԼ°ڣҶĬ˽ȥ

ǰ·ҶĬСһ㤣ͨһֱֱĹ˵ϣүүСһʱͿûûС˼ǽūıӵҲǲҵġ

ɫˣҲŹȥūˣү𷣡

ҶĬŹڵϵˣһƬ㤡ֻǴ׶ѣǲСЩ

һֱԹŵĳȴñҶĬ࣬ķ⽨ȼᣬ˷ŵȡΪ󣬱ΪԲ˿Խ

ʱָˡһ󸹱˼һ§ҶĬͿʼţӴҵĸζҵˣˡ

ҶĬֻһǳϣһ𣬱׵ｹۡ⡭ǡɨһ۵Ϲŵˣ˼Ŀ˻һۣ˻ֵɣʲô

ҶĬ彩˽Ȼߵͷл˶վ

ͬһĻһλӢ壬˵廹ʵЩˡ˲ʮģֻǰҶĬ꣬ʵǡư

˧߹ûͬһ§ϹĸαĽ¸ֻͣ΢ЦϹͷȻԸ׼ظ

ȻүˣҶĬҲֻʱɿҶĬʾĺӣظɣȻá̬֮ǰȻͬˡ

һֱվŵĺ򹧾Ĵͷȥǣ

ҶĬڻð죬ʱܴһЩ㶵ĿźӣҲ磿̬ȡǸŮô

һֱһǰҶĬæĴѰϹȴǰһȥﲻһţŤҪȴǰϳĳͻȻתͷȻ״ؽʳָ촽ϡ

Ǹ˼ȻףҪ˵¡ǣһϹʻ˶Ȼ

ȻǸðƵС㣬ʼҲƵٿЩ˵̬ȣСıôֻҪ¶ţӦþͲİɡ

οϹڡ



03

ˮˮī˽Ϊģȥش󽭽㣬൱ˮټˣļ紺Ľǰפ;ȴض

쳤ؾãǱ㷢չʢҶĬǵʻ˲ʱ˳ǣսǵʱ򣬻Ͱ߷Ͻȥשߣ¥ĸǲ

ֵƽ̹Ŷϵ˽Źʣ档вٵְɱϼ̣Щ̻ŮһȺվԼҵſྼҳ

ҶҵĸۡλйʵĳʯţķɻʱһµҶനÿڻ໳ҶĬЦԿ쿴ϲķɻˡ

ҶĬʱֻͷǣǻһķȣͬǰһ·ǵ³ɡ

ģʵǺ硣ʼûӣѹûһ硣ʱ˵кÿģæֽŲõյ߾ơ

ûνķɻʢһӵĻΪԵʣζԵЩŨʱһ΢磬ɫĻƮ䣬ܰİѩÿý

ʻѹЩ׽۵Ļ䣬ӲմȾһȦ滤ūȫȲΧлλ濡ĹӸµµһ

ʱЩʰĻũ޲ͣפס˽ͷӶϸۡ

Ҷҵ̰ǰλҶӰɡӵλôҶˡ

ĸҶңͷˣȻǷɻ־ͷǼҿۡռȥ˰ߵˮ

˵ҶҵĴҪӭȢҵĶŮˣһءҡ

Уʲô˵ģмǮǼҲûһȡ볯Ϊٵġ

۵ּɶ˵һʵǱҶҵͲƸ

Ҷųϴ󿪣峺ˮҷֱƫխЩƫţȻԶһšжֱͨŮ̵ĺԺ

ҶҶֱʻ˽ȥʮӣȵͣʱҶѾûͷʢ羰ƤǵǧصĳȣСԴҲ佥³Щ

ӦǸðˣҶĬţоһִֻ˶ͷ漴һģŮ

үСڷȣ

Ȼһӣ̫ѨһۡҶĬ͵ü᲻ȥֹģʶȥ



ȵòȣѹʱѾǵҹˡֻһյƣԵЩ΢ĹߵǺʺ˯ߡ

ҶĬͷžƵĴãﲢԭǸҡϹһ˳ȻʹĴСϡ

ͻȻһֱŵӶ˶ҶĬתͷȥԾ˸⣬һŷۿɰҶĬǰ

ոմһҶĬԣӦҶԵеʹһֱŷཱུ˺ð죬ȻʶQ.sh.بng.˭ȥҧһڵС̫Ϲ롣

һʱϲҪгڳ飬Ѹٵȥδͬǰһÿ㿴һ˫ҲĴ۾ʹһ¡

СȥʱܿҶԴ󲡳壬ֻסͣȻߣѹ˵𳳡

ҶȻԹԵĵͷͽıţһ˫ˮĴ۾Ϲֱתͷ̽̽ѾղһɽĴ

ˣ

Ҷգգ۾СȥץסӣѹɤӻϹ

šߵСк˳˳ҵķ˿ӦǲԾ䣬ؿһֱѹŵʯͷ˵ء죬ʱ޿̲Ľš

ŴҽˮƽͨĸðҲοողһд˻

ҶϧŮؽƸһλҽҹĲĴѰҩģž

⼸գͬĸ׹̽Ȼ⽨鷳˵ʲôδŮӹ뷿ǲڵġ

Ƶÿҹ𴲣ȻøֶΰطѾ֧ߣÿҲֻʱȻأ̫ʼջ˻ɡ

⼸ʱ䣬Ҳ̽˲Ϣճ̣Ҳǰмƣ񣬳

游йȵ۴˺־λϮĸ׳֮ΪճϮľλ˾ѡУƷ˾Ա

״͵ľλҫ̼ҲڿҿĲ̷žҲǸ̵ŵţûʵʵĿ

ټһҲǳڵĸ׳֮һڻ켣ٳġб֮ˡǰΪ˳ϵĹְԸµǵ֪ݡ

ʵϣ̼ҵ漮ǡ̼Ҷһ㳤ǿɿͬǶꡣ̼ϾϿΪ֮·ҶλûʲôϸķڱӵĻ𲽡

һֱ̼汻Ҷ̻¡㵽˽죬֮ҶҵĵҶǰݹӵĺֵܡȣÿ£֮Яͬ޶ϼұܱڣҶҵά֡

񣬳֮漮µǣҡһһˮĸĸ١λֵܵԳãǶ˷ǳ

̼ݻװУҶԼʰԼҵԺó̼£żūһʮסԼϡ

֮ЩظŰĹٲͬͷЩҪȻһܻıǨ˽

ݱ֪ݴ˵ĵճӣλΨһ̳ˡ

ֻǣĳЩԵɺϵķĳѾǹȥǸµСˡ

Ҷ۾һգգĶǰȫİüۣЩɺԵĴʲôӣԺҪô

οıСȱȥЩİ顣

ҶԵ˵ͷеĲקЩ˵ϹǲֿɣҲҪֿһϳԷƨʵ̫ˡ

һ漴ֱȥȴСһ֣Ķȥ㶣ˮɫĴץס֡

˸壬Ȼͬʳӣϰ߶Ǹйʶ˺ܴı仯

⼸ŵĲ飬һֱû˯úáʱİˣů͵ıûʱ㿪ʼ˯ҺܿĽ硣

ҶСߣһ˯죬Ҫǻ˯ž͸øˡֻ廹Щأټϴʱҹʱ֣𴲶ʵȻӺܶҽˣǽ˷Ϲϣ϶᲻ķߵġ

һֱʱ֮󣬵ֵѾ̽Сŷ֣С޾һţ˯ء

Ѿ߿ɱŵò壬ֲҾСӺԼҵıС㣬ֻһ㤵ķӣһҹѾһֱȥ˻෿

СҶǴ˽ʮŵõһŮҲҶŮΨһĵ׳ŮݵλǱȴӶ߳١ټүʹ˵簮λ绽ĸ߹ӡ

ΪСףûͬŮѾͷǴִֽſıԼԺʹԼźĻȥ

Ѿߴ˵ҲЩסˣЩš˼£££ٱѾȥҶĬĬ

ۼ֮Ҳֲѡʱ˺ү˺СӻȥԼҲС㷿Ƶƣȥ˴˷ʱ

ҹģС˭͹ģȥϵСȴС޽ıһɻֲ

΢ʹԲɶû취ֻ˰աǶСڣһʱûЩͻȥɣӲֻ࣬ФЩֵţҲûʲô⡣˵ӣɱϾֻǸСĺӡ

ԹֳСӣСҸñ֮ŷᲽ˳ȥ

ҹѾ߽гȥϸ߶Ķмɲ͵иһȥ԰֪һõʱҲСֵ

Ѿ߽ϸӦ£౾ԼȥģЩģݵϢȴҲû˯ʱݵ



ڶգ첻˵ơҪŴ࣬ðһʱϲصıƤӣڶȫø⣻ķϰ߳ԡˮ׼㣻ñȽͷŷšү׼үҪ׼СԵ滨⣬ҪȡС㡭С㡭С㡭

ĴܹһĬʱĹݣһ߽СҩӷС¯ӡСҩСǱĸֱŵĴֱūŪһأɵ

⽥ߵƤͥԺڣ峺ˮҹ¶µһ죬Ļ

ֽ֮ȥ˿С˯𣬱ûһѾſţԼϴȥˡ

ƫŵѾԼӣƣСûҪ˼ŻȥȡЩʱ䣬Ҳ¡

ѾǰŸߣҶүžˡҶԵҩѣʳ¯滨⡣

ſڣûŵֵѾҲû⣬ֱű˽ȥ

ȻϴϣԳ˵緹صҶſʱԺſѾֳһƬ

һæӿ˽ϵٶȡű߱˵Ѿ˳һˣæǰץֱ˵

ˣС˯С㷿㵱ǺͿˣ



04

ƤһֱãԼϸţͷǳˡҲ˲һֱ߶ŵ첽ǰſ˽ȥ

ҶҵĵСҶԵĸҶŶͷһߵϣüġҶҲһŭ֮ɫֱָϵĳɷӾ͸ıƵġ

۴СģҶһĶڳСֽץ·ȥʱѾǰͼѳ

Ѿ߲ſرϵС۴ţ߿߿Ҫʲô˵䣬קųյøˡ

ٿһֱڱСӣҲһĽ䱸εĽС㻤һеĸ仹ֻǰĺӣȴӲѾ߲ǰֻͷλϵĴˣһɫ

ҶϽʮжȴúܺãֿҲʮ˾ŵģǽԺţַſڣмָ̬ƳҶҵңҪסլ檣üһŭա

Ȼʱλﴦ¹Ҷȴʵͷ֢ȻλҶµıҶС㡣

°֣ϳЩЭ̬ʴӶڳҶԣСڣ㵽ôҪǽ˿ȥúð

Ҷգգ۾λ˼סһĶԼܺãû˸Ҷ˵ػλɫǵףɫҲǳ޿κΡ

Ҳ̬ȣ˵ǸǹȥţССָָرߵѾߡ

Ҷϵ˵ͷѾʹɫСĻˣǡ

Ѿ߶㶣תͷһߵĵӣһ̿ɫСĻȻˣһһһֲɡСǵһȥŰ⡭úð

ʱ죬æǰͨһ˵ϡ

ǻһʱͿʵǡūĲãΪСӻҹС㷿ū澲߶ӺС㣬ҾˣԲš𷣣

˵㸩ڵϲˣҶһֱ˵꣬ʹŵü۶ûһ£Ҳ֪ղ˵һûȥ

ֻǻתе鴮һ˫˼ĶҶԺͳķ򲻷һԡһʱ䣬һƬĳĬУ·һ϶װס

˺ð죬ҶϲŲͷվһߵҶനന֪»˭֪

ҶനĸʻŽŭڵ˻ͷĴĸףʱδˡ

ʱֻͷ첽߽Ҷ϶ߵ䡣ҶҶü漴촽Ṵȥ԰ү˹Ƿʵ˵ȥʱǱֻҲĴѰˡ

˳ȥҶŴۿֱż米ſڵһҲҶĻ࣬źӺСϴóүˡСӡСһͬšУķ˹ˣֱӹȥƫա

æԵǲ˲֪ʱϴþߺͷѾ߽̬δϾƷչﰵһҶ˵˼䣬㷭´ѾԼϴȥˡ

Ҷ̧һ۶λףչ˫û·ҶനԼΪ׺ãվȻԼһۣδЩա˳ʳ滨⣬ױһ˵

ԣʲô

ҶüСӵĴӣ䲻ķɫ˹ȥ˯ҲͱιЩʳͶˣ˷ﾭܵ\ع\

ۼžҪȥԱĳ˵ĿϡҶԵĻЦʱϣһ֮Ѿջ֣ƽ˫ûϵСüͷ̧һ£ޱȵ磬һûˢܳ緹

˵껹ԼѾнӹëģϴһֱһߵҶȻһо۵ףһͷڽͣ˼תͷϱվһߵĳ

Ҷനٴνһ߰СƨϴĲ⡣ѾһıãθҲܰԹˮЩɥǲˣȻԶҪ

һתͷҶУԣȥιСòã㲡Щ죬С϶ˡ庢Ƶġ

Ҷͷϵߣʡǲ̫˵ɣǰǸҶȤ񡭡װǸʮĳŮ԰

ӣƽնѧϰôҶԲ֪м֮ʱԱͻȻ˸۵ͯ˹ϻϹڷˣһ仰ҶӴҲǲǡ

ʱҶҲṴ˹ǣû廰ҲûҪά˭˼ֻǷϷһԹš

ҶüȻû̫ССӷ﷢һߣ°ͻ˵£Сƨʲô졣

Ҷһ棬ʱҶനɶС񡣡

ҶനԹԼãϴĲʹ졣ǲȴڴ˷ﳤġټĸףһλҶϣҶҴ˿׵ͬá

ֻǿλձҶˣҶനʱѲʱҶлδʧȥܵãбһֱҶനշмӣǵͬԼӡ

ҶԳʱҶനʮ꣬ѾǸµĴˡС֪ԼǴɴ˸ĳ˷ӵĴ֮⻹ϤĽĿġΪ۰ʱսӣҲʵĳ硣ҲһֱҶŮи׺ġ

ûҶനƣ෴Էǲ۲۵Сƨһ˺һഺڶûëͷСɶѽͼӽţȻľͷӣҲʲô·ɡ

ʱҶѾϡһҺɫСȹߴ己ϴһСɵĽȦм仹ǶżʯȦʯ˿лһЩ˿ϵĻ½ߴĽͬģ˳⻬Ľӡ

ͷ٣߶һСµͷΡۺɫͷͷżС·ֻ嶣壬ͣ

ҶϼһжѾʰ׵׼ƫȥѾһ˲㵽ַ࣬סһɴҹ硣

ȥҶԵʱȴѾһһܵСߡСҲԵü죬ȥ

ҶҪϸϸĽװ͵͵Ĵ˸飬ЩǺõģǴֹĴƷֱ͡

֮ǰһȺʮ塣̲ĺʵڼоǶʱ䣬ҴǽϵװλС豭õСȫĽ

Сǣǰ棬кĿбվñֱŮһһһλʮϸߣһԹĶǰСŮޡȻһλӺݸ̬òˣΧūͳȺǰغӵ

ҶһֱŵЦ⣬ǰ治ԶС˶ϡ˻ԸС󲡳ʧһˣλϴȷһˣҩҲȱŶϣٷ˵

ȻͷӦ£һμҶϵĿĲϣɫȻ˵ҲǰʱͣҪΪұŹˣ֪ģıšµūš

һֱʹͷҶ̧ߣѸٵĹȥū֪

ˣȥСźŰɣò㡣ȻһλѾߵȥԺ֪үһ˵Ѱ飬緹



05

̼ҵλү˵öˣֻһȹŮĴӵ»ⲽ.λᣬȹü续촽,ƣҶԼʱһ侭䣬ӯӯϸ˫

̺źų̴ϴϣ˰ں֮ȥԺӿıǷ̰˯

֪ողŵԺſڣһֱźŵѾߺС˻𼱻ǵ˳̧ͷײʱৰȻֻͨȫ˼Ӳʯذϣͷһ˸ǿɥֱͷġ

СӡîʱūǹźûˡūöûţոաողҪȥѰˡ

ҲһԿͷģ̺ʱɫס⴦԰ӺһС˹ҶƽͻõġȥǺˣвǿɲ˵ġ

һƽͺͣ˿Ҳеľ˿һӣѵߵ˵ȻȥѰʲôô

Ժֳһʱʱظ̺强ĴѾ֪ҶǱһǲɢ׼ΧѰūǣԼǣֽȥ̺

ǳ̺һϧԼĶӣʱڴĬĬᡣǰЩոողүͷֳܻ£ܽˡ

һ˵ʱҶţҲ˲˴վͳȥߵĻ˵һ룬Ҳֻ˻ȥһų̺ϳȥ



˵һͷԼӣʹҶҶײҶСүͬСѾߣŶƤʱϻϵЩԣĶӺ˼䣬ⲻãһˡ

СӾȻСҵĹ뷿˯һҹ˺֪ˡδĴҹ㣬ϴ˵¡

ķ˷·ҪһЩ߻ȥȹӽһµȵСѾſӱҲĴ˹ȥ



ķǸϰֵҶСҶεֻҶԴ࣬ȴҶɵĳ谮ͬүŮΪƫģб𣬿Ҳδ̫ƫЩ

ܰЩëҶΪΪѡ֮ʱֻ̨ͣϲ˰졣ֻսкˣյĹ⾰ҴҴһһϢ

ǱϲԵʣķӲƶҵ˵Ļ㶷Ǵģ輸СҲǽġʹ˱Ҷε˵Ժȥˡ

˸µȵѾͷ¶˳ȥ֮Կ£ɢѸ˷飬ǿڿഫһӰѻԭ֥СҲܱĩգ޲ɫ

Ҷķ˵ʱҶһԸС޾֣׼ԷӰĽ͵һ·ȥ̾ࡢ۸⡢۸⡢ɽҩ⡢̶ƢζʳݺύһԲӣĺ죬涺ʳ

ҶѾǶУ˼ôۿɿڵĲ͵㣬ϴֲɾ֮󣬱صûĸ棬Ҳȥ

ҶķбֱʳȥҶһۣĹ˹ǣ漴ЦһߵҶʺá

˽磬ѾͷӿɺЩˣ

ҶЦȴԼļƽϡ֮죬ļúܡµѾͷмֻ龢ͷҲ֪ķ˵Щ۶ӣñĵã¶˵ˣʱ»֪ԷЦء

ҲѵôѾͷҲˣǱһ緹ɡ

˵΢ЦŶҶε֣ҶεɲҶԣһСޣ˭СԵͰ˭ʱҶϻԸ㣬Ȼ߸˵ҡ˹ȥһСЦĻҶһ

ķ˼ԼǲŮȻҶϽеȣǲ̹ոռƵģѽһôСߣǺү˹ˣȻɷµƣ˵ԻźѾͷûأĪҹô

ҶѾϵ۶ӣҲӻֻǸСһ˼һɽҩ⡣

ҶԺĴҶķãƫͷ˿ԼԱ߽ץֵҶεﰵҡͷضˣϵļЦһǲ˵ġŴŮ˾Ǳ磬ԼϹŮ˳ķ޵ϻöЦ

ķ˼ҶϲԼĻɫûбһ£ЦеĸСĲóʳһǰȥҶ϶߶

˿ɼǵС裿ǹŮǰʮ˵żءǰЩڹ뷿һСӣӸץ˸СӺҵĴ˸񻹹ڲء˲֪ܵļѾͷǰҵˣԺɵˡ

仰ںҶлҳɾָżŮӰܻŵ档ڳЩѾ˭ָģƵĻ඼ɫ

һɽҩ⣬˲֣Ȼ̧ͷһһĵ̫̫ɫŮ˻ܰŪǷǣ֪źһȺĶǵŮһ𣬻᲻ᱻԽҶϺķˣ󶨸ԼԱߵҶϣ˼

ҶɵȫûһΪʵǵԾͷСڳŸ㣬ż̧ͷȥķ˵İԡ

ҶɹȥʮҲ̻״˵廹ǸСŮͯȴʵʵǸʮüĴˣȻû취ְܻιʳġ

һһŮ޻ţ˳ԴЩĽץ춼ǣһźѾ߸죻СЩȴԼſӣ仹Щ׾㣬ȴģССڳԵù塣

ҶĿҶһۣ۵׺ʹ߶˼Ц⡣ͷ̺ѾſڣЦһߵķ˵㷽ŲҺү˵ôⲻˣ

Ҷķ䲻ϣ񣬰ͷʱҶѾվӭȥߵ˼ϸš

̺Ͽ첽һֱ﷽ͷסҶϵ֣ɩӰ漱ˡ߿иɩ鷳

ҶһǣߣһЦӣҶҵԺǾƶ˵ġҲһʱˣû˹ȥ֪һ

ʱķǰ̺ϼ˵ӣҶԷʵˣвϲȴװò࣬üʳ̺ϵˣĪҹˣ

̺ϱ˱䣬ɻػҶķˡҶһͷķˣ磬Ȼù緹˵ģҾͲкˡ˵ҲҶķ˵תͷһߵź˵ķ˶˵ƣ˳Ҫү˵¶

Ҷķɫ˽ϸոͼŸϹûü緹ԭΪҲĵ緹ģ֪治ˡѾ˵ˣԼҲܰͰ͵˵ԼŶӡֻԸţˡ

Բߵ£ҶҲЯ˳̺˶ǴҳĹ󸾵䷶һ˸߹ţһϸǧֻǵģƣ̺ȷҪʤҶϼ֡

ҶԳһɽҩ֮󣬶ڲôˡҲпպúÿΧˣ˼бų̺кһ̾

ı˱죬Ϲӡ񲻽Ĳͷ˵Ưʵûкһ˯



06

ӴƯʵûкһ˯Ҷڳߵ٩



۽Ǻݺݵĳ鴤£ŹȻǶ⡣˹߼˼άֱԶԡҭͷʮȽ죬̾һܼ˻治֪˵ǼĸػǰǷ˾ծ

ҶԼ沿ϳ׽Ūֱú棬ǰ˴գ̭ߣǰеԺ󶼲ˣȻûʱФ룬˭֪ǷĴûĳ졣

ſӵСֶǳǵѡʱ򣬳̺Ѿ˹Сһ˵Ļ¶һϲЦݡٿҶԽվͷֽ

ѾͷɺȫˣƣŮ޲кӣɲʲôӣҪϸЩźá˵Ż˳˳ҶԶޱߵС޷

Ҷ͵ıһŮڻλŮϹ裬⡭ʵеܳϾҲͷһűڻ= =

Ÿϱϵһΰ޵ּҶС§ס̺ϵĲӣŴѾȫˣ˵껹һЦװ۵СˮƯ˼ֿ¶һŸոճСж˰

ҶһţҲ¶Ц̺ϼоֻ˳һӣǱýγ̴˵кӲ׽ߣ̫簮ѵΣﶼ̫ҹ

ҶѣͬסһһӵĽ顣ҶѾͷСģСɾ£òɣԽԽ˳ۡҵŮһѣܣټǼ¡

һҶϵĿڷ磬ЦӴѾͷԽԽϲɣ޲ùջؼﵱСϱء

һڳ˷ܶŵҶε֮⣬ȫ˲һɫ仯Ҷ̧̧üһĨ΢ЦķˡࡢԼոսݵҶԵúǾȡ

Ҷ˵ڳˣ˽ֻΪСӲ⣬ʵжڰԸ̡

ҶĽӹ̺ϵĻùˣѾˣʮǰ̥û͵ʱ򣬾ˡֻǰĨһѺҡͷȻϱǷľծ˱ʶû취ֿȻһҲãԺܹĽһˡ

ҶϱЩ˼ʱԷԼıϣȻǿĵġҲŽӹ̺ϵĻȥЦӲš˻ȥɣʡ񡣡

̺ϻͷҶϣ־ϲЦȷϵҶ˵ɩɩ˵Ŀɵ棿ҿɲ˵ء

Ҷ֪¶ϷԼ˳ˮӦȥ߳ɶܳɡ̺˵ȻģҲ⣬ұʱȥҼү˵ȥ

ҶҲҶҵĵҶԾлع񣬱Լ˵仰󲽿ȥɤӹЦúúãϵֵǶ඼֪֪׶˼ңϵܺ͵õΪҶĳҵıŮ޹ȥҲί⺢öܴչͼΪһ¾£Ҵȥҳϵ˵¶

Ҷ̺ԼһߵҶķ˶վʩ밲Ҷʱüȥλ۾ҶЦôԣԭȥ̸ϱ

ҶһЦѾͷô֪ͣʲôԼŮ˴˼ңĵģüЦû죬ǳүѾͷ˵ֻ֪Ǽ滨⡣

֪ҶҲǸûķεģһ˵ҪϹַ졣ʱϵһһ˫ֿССͣصĵ˵ͷԭ⣡ٺ١

棿˵껹ЦתͷȥϹǸð͸ڴӦ׷ȻӢ˵ҶĬҪҵŮѣͲκλˡʱһġ

飿ӣһϳɣֻ΢΢ǸڳˣҲԭ⡣ⳡ͸ĸЯŮƵģֻ˻ոջҡСޡ

Ҷһԭ⣬ƫﴫһ̿ĻЦҶϺͳ̺϶һϲĶԼҵĺӣҶүˬʵҶԵͷ˳һ۸⽱͸

ҶķˣһߣЦȴ˭ܿЦжŤЩԹ޵Ƴ۳ŸҶѾͷһŭһֻ֪ԣ˺õĻᣬ֪úүǰЩϲ

ٿһٰ߰㶺ҶԣζڿҶԵ񽥽رݶҶôŮү谮ġҪȲԼҪģȲϺοҶŮģʤԼ˵ЩҲǰֻǸҶҵūͶϵ̨档

Ҷķ˿ûЦ뼰ԼԹƽ£޵ҧгɫһһףֻֿޱȡ

֮ʣҶͻȻͷϺɫһʱջأǰ\㾡ҶϵҶķһ֪֮ʣȴҶֻǵƳһۣȻֻعͷȥ̺ϼ֡

ץ˸ţҶķΣһʱ侹ЩһͷҶϣͷ˲б˼֡ķɫٿ˿һ۾ЦгһıŮĶʱȥ

ķˡ



˵ҶүĹŮ˼ң׼һԼĺֵܡǼֵø˵¶ձ˹ȥ֮칫ĵط̾硣֮ȻһڱӦˣɷǳ򵥡ҶѾͷϲҲϲСӾһˮǹͬѹֱϮҶҵİ꽻飬ǵճŵԵкβģ

ҶԺͳĶζȷյصķףҲҪһġҶǵĴ󻧣̼ε֪ݣȻҪһ

ǣҶұСҶԵĶ˽ŵĲúæµС



ʽӶ˰³塣˵ǽˬ֣ʮԲգǸصغ÷⡣

תۣѾ˴¡ԳİЧʣѾѼϢġҶȴ⽨Ĵ󻧺Ժ﷢Ȥ

ΪͳйˮīɣƷŮ幤Ʒ֣ԼЩȫȻĻƷ

ЩйʵĴҹһֱȫ淢չ־ȫְ̫̫ҶԶһ޴ıءЩֿѶĹļż£ýζ

ȻЩ鶼ϹҸġ任˸̫壬ɹϽ˼άǿϸȴûһ˻෴ԼʶֻǱɡ

̼ң鼮ͨ񣬹ʫ飬䷻СӣǼعʷʷǹһӦȫ

һʱĿ죬֮ԼĶСС;ȻҺѧϽϲǳһʼСӻҹĵĲ飬֪ÿȫķŻԭλ

;㶮£˭еο˱ĬԼ鷿鿴ҶǸƨ棬ϰ˺ܶʱ񰲰оʷǻǵʱҶԾԸǼϷ

һ죬һоеķˮ飬ߴһٺЦɻ̧ͷ㿴ҶվӱߣͷûǸ߸ߵų

Ҷһ˫ֱССӺ棬Цһ\

ٺ١Ϲ㿴ö

ڸ߽ϣͷգգ۾ʣʲô

ҶЦһֻ֣ʳָųصĹ˹ô߿ëſ

= =

죬ڵġ

õķ֣۾ҲЩɬϢһץαϵľȥ

ҶԼˣĽǲĶ˳

ȻҶԳ緹ʱƿ鷿ţȴֻżһϡϡĵӲûһˡ

Ჽ߹ȥſСԴһҵССſӵ£ָһϸۡ

ֻҶָһط㿴ƣûоѶȺܴҾúñ뺷Ŷ

һȻЩΪȻһûá

һʱ棬ҲûоСޣֻԼ쳤˲ӴչȥⲻãһһСڿĲǱģЩ޳ܵĴǡͷֻͼ



07

ɨһǲܽʲĳ\壬һʱǵͨ졣ߣֱԹĸµģȻСӿ˵ӣ

εһСֹסҶСǿСԴһ۱Ƽ˺վһߵĻࡣ￩һԭء

ǰҶĬHҲǶԼŵġ񵹺ãδ˷\鼮ץ˸š⻹ҵģؼǡϿķ⽨ᰡҪ

һɴݣֻ֫ƵĴȻһߵվֱСӣ˻ɷµĵ˵ǰϵıҡ²ؼ߸߹ҶԸģץˣǾԼ취ɡ

ҶԱŶŵأ֫߸ƣɴ۾˻һۣתӿһȻڵĳ񡣱˱죬Ϲָжʱ۵ýζͷ˾һ߿ȻֻϹŸɵó¶

ˮĴ۾գգȻһæüڳһаЦݣȻץǱձйŴƱס365С˵swww.365book.net

ȻͨһŻ˹ȥʵıҪ˽ģʵ߹С޵ߣֻס˻Ĵȡ

ҶﰵһѣӦܿ죬æ̧ͷһ߽е\鼮ǰݣһͯװ۵쿴Ӻ֣˶·ɣȫһңʲô

ŴǵǸġģ֪Եĳ񶼲ɾ̾˳ǣ̣ŹȻаݡݡ

ո˺쳱ʱͷָҶе֧֧С㣬ⶼЩ飬Ժǧˣⲻ÷ѡ˵ڴϳŴֽһ㽫еǴܵײĽһ

һһҶԱСɻǵãǻ˭ģ

ҶһֱԱŻܺˮͻĽ䣬ﶼЦֱѹţһ˫۾Ʋס

ԼϷġʵʵ˵ʵǹޡ

㶣鷿ǳ̴˵ģƽûҲû˸ҽڡС㲻Ǹʲô֪ĺӣȻ˵ѻ˵ǡӾȻǳ̴˵ġ⡭˲ò̴࣬Ǳãˡɫ֮ͽ

Լƽ֮У࿡εѾʺĺƨɡҶŤŤ˸ĵضš

ˣҲųŵģʵ߲˶ԶۻЩӵӦҲĿʼԼСֳ꺢Ӹеӡ

Щӣңϰ軹йšҹͻȻѣ޹ģͷ麹

Ǳ㳳ҪһҶȻǲϵġҶԱĿޣʼǿڣ뼰ԼһٸһˮޣǺε˥

Ȼ룬ǰҶĬ϶ˣϹҲˡϹǶŮֻٵĸĸǸȻģ˼ʹơһ޵øˣĺ޽ޣɤӶˣÿÿ֮䶹Ժ׵۾й䣬Ӳ

Ů޵˺ѷΣ͸һεεˮƵģҶϵϣҲ۵òˡǸŮ֣ʱ٣ǳ̼Ҳġ

ô˺üգҶϸǺĲҶ档öѾͷѾͷѾͷ⣬ΪҶԲǺԣ뿪üȻͺˡ

˭֪ҶԾǲ跹˼Ѿǲעͼ͵͵ҹ˯üʱҲһء

һͷҶԣҲսǣüγ̷˴ȥ԰ӣҶסˡ

Ҷµ̺˵һӱֻôһģС罿ߡû˸񷨣δĹͬһң˻Լ񶼻δɣֻǸͷģܲû潫˲֪Ůȥ̼ңܶԲҶҵڡ

֮䣬̺Ҳû˷ǳҪȥܲȰһȰҶѡ˺üգÿҹðûȥҶԳ

Ҷƣڻ໳һ㿴æŤԻ໳Ȼһͷ˽˳Ļ

ãʱҲЩСС޾һ˳ı˵ĬĬҪ£ǲֿġ

ҶſؽǰԽբĺˮϷӵֻһ仰Ϲؼҡ

֪ʱ᲻ʹļ£ʱȷȷʵʵоؿһʹ漴ϸ̵ֱ۽ø

Ҷ̲סƫͷ۽ǵˮաǹ⾰δķˣʮ»̥ﻹˡ

գҶ˳̺ϳԷСһһ졣һСθڶرãҶҲǸùɵģ

ҹҶҶûٿ֡Ҷϰҹȥÿȴһֻһ춼˵Ҷƽڴϣ۾ɵôģӲϵĴۿ˼Сĳһû

Ҷϵ̨һƨ˴ϣ߿űϰϡǰǷµģȥô



ڶ죬λͨ۵ĵʿǵʿҲƽһţֻСްһá

ȻźЦеҶүͳ̴˵үҵүСǷǰЩѣ

Ҷͷʦ㣬СŮСֶǰһͬˮ

ǵʿֽҶԺͳϣЦż˵ˣС϶йϲ̴˺ҶүԩǸǽ٣һ˫䡣Ե˫Ű

Ҷүǵʿһϯסˣǳ֮Ϊǣ׷ʵʦ֮ԣСսݣѾͷҹҹֿúá

ǵʿбһСһۣתͷ֮˵С϶ʱ˵½Ҳǣ

֮˵ͷСҶѾͷס

ʿص˵ͷҵ컯ѶףС϶㲻ض£ֻǵãҪ׳Լˣǿ˽ʱ׵Ƿǵûѣɱҷٲʢһƽ

˵ԺͻȻһӴ磬˽Ծ档Ƭ֮һлָԭٻعʱﻹʲôʿǵʿͬƾʧһ㡣

ҲΪһӴ磬ԼʧĹ쾢½Զ˸˫˵Ȼ˵ʿ˵ĻپҶԺͳˡԭһᣬԭ⼷һ̴ϾͼԭһͬԷˣһͬˣ

Դ򲻱Լ֮Ҷ԰һҲ˳Ȱٿ֡ö֮ʧ֢ҲͺˣԷҲܴڴڵĽˣû¶ȥҶϷѧЩ򵥵Ļ巨

ۼһɫСԲģ˱Ƕǵʿ˵ĻŲˡмǵҶҲſ˻

һ¹ʹȥССķųĽϵһȥ



08

һգҶԸոůͺ͵ıͷ㱻סһѾ߲ϴþԼʳԼȡ˰ڷ·ס

ҶԴ˸Ƿɵ˯죬࣬˯ɡ˵㽫СԴ࿿ȥͷǰ

εЦЦԼǰǿСԴüĿãС㣬ˣշҪȥɽһʦСӵ֡ԼҪȥģģô㷴ˣ

ҶԻ̹ʱȥשѶȡֻ۾ҡͷԵСһૣͻȻ͵Ĵӵȥո·İС첲˳

ʲôţȥˣ

ۼСֹشЩЦáСԣĵԣ˵ʲôʱ˯һִˡүԼСӶȥˣָֻˡ

һ֮СȹӣȻתͷű߼⺰ѽСӽտ磬Сô

ԭǴ˺С޵ҶȴСޡֻ﷢һʵͱǣ漴һű𣬡࣬´ۻʵİɣֻ±һ˯أ

಻ⱻҶסˣŷӦűһѽϵСﱧǵСѽǾ͸Ͻ·ȥС𴲰ɡ

Ҷ־ŻĻһŲʲԸ۾һ˫ˮ۾գգŨܵ۽ëӳƬӰϡۺɫС΢΢Ա˿еĲӹĹģĵԲɰ˵ȴҲϡĻƳЩССͣݣǼġ

ҶԴźǷ߳ңŲʱͷŵͷƵĳҶϵԺſʱ򣬱Ҳֻîʱʱ֣߽¶Ƭ׶Ƥ

ǣʱҶһյһٻҶͷ߳Ƽ౧ҶվſڣæӿϵĲ߹ȥ

ҶԻнҶԱȥԼæôסҶԵСӣüԳЩŭ֮ɫ¶أֻС㴩ôҿԽԽͿˡ

һ˵ϡҶæҶΪף౾ǸŮģֻŮԼŷȲûд

һʱĽӴҶԶԼѾ߻Ȼ˼׽ֻһһֱ˼⡣

˵ԭҶҲҶϵͬ޹ѾߣһֱҶ˵ĳ谮λѲ֮Ҷϱ㽫սԼԺӡչҶന꣬㻽ԼĴѾߡ

һһºֺ˵¶棬ͷ˶ԸĽ飬˵Եõˡ

ֻǲ֪ʲôԭʲô£һҹ֮ʧȥ˴˵ĳ谮һҪȥϴ·ΪҶߣ̷ʼǸա

һҶԺǱԼҶҵĵĸۣȴһֱûȥ˵û취

ҶҲòʹÿÿ˵ʱһζֻǳĬӲ̽˹⾰ҶҲû취ֻաֻҶΪѵʱ򣬶һЩ

ҶҶϳԺӣſڵһΡδҶԺǰƬ÷֣žʮسãһɫСʯϹȥŵǰԺĻ԰

ʱ仹Ҷȴĵƹӳĵðһ㡣ĸеĴѾһţţϴĶǾĳȹɫǲͬڽӺŵģǰ˸̼аеѾߣĶǴֽӡһҶ֡

ٺʮӣͬķ٣ͬͬɫ಼̱л̧ʳУƤ̺շĶǽõŵ

һػ۵ͥԺСȥٹһֱĴȣɫΡȥҶҵĴԾǽյģֻǴʱұȲűѾƻյͨ졣ʮҶԺжȫ¶沿ɫ

ҶԱҶϱţո߳Σͱ౧˹ȥǰסҶϵұֻۡűһλʮ߰빭ӣֵͷߺһˣС

ͷһɧֻƬɧʧȡ֮һƬԭļʮȫ͸λĿбӣ۾ֱǰ

ҶԴδʶ̣ʱɴ۾ࡣ˵Ϲ˵Ҷǵ׸鲼ȫأ֮Ļʼҹ嶼ŹֻһֱϾ¼ʶĳԴöȽݻ뾹̡

⻹ֻŮԼճŮţҪǵЩش飬֪Ҫ׳۳ʲôӡ

˴ͬеĻҶҵĶԼСҶλҶСҶҶһǶҶС귽ʮ壬δסҶӽʮˣ븣ҳŮ׵Ӷʮ³Ҳ֮

ҶͬĸһλͻݵŮӡģ㲻þƯʤ񾲣˳ͺ͡ټҶҵ⼸׵Ҳֻһֱڳ򣬳ٳûֻҶ¶ˣһŵԵĺ˼ҡ

ҶһŮ󷿵ŮҶԣҶ㡢СҶҶനķĹҶεԼ巿СҶ

ҶЩ⸴ӵļͥԱ˹ȥ⽨Ůӵλ£˿ӵNţŮȴҪNŮһͬԼϹƫƫе˶İȻĽܣʵ

ˣҶԻϹд˷ݱ֤飬֤ϸл񹲺͹Ļ涨һһƣС檵ȻҲȣųһ乴԰ӣСĶҲУڼﻹüƽȣƲܱƶȸȡ

Ӳ沿⣬űдֽǩүĴӦŵҪӡʾЧ

Ҷԣÿ׶ūͼһNŵ˼ֲʱ򣬶ὫϹı֤鷭һ顣

檳ȺʲôЦ



̸ھҶŲԶŵţҵ˺ƺƵһӡĺԣʻɻ֣쳯ǵȥһŵĴļͻһ׳

һر磬ǹĳתɫװˮԲ⣬͡



09

ǵϷλˮŵһΡ봣ĴɽɽƣơСɽȺ֮ȣ˺۵С

ҲΪ⿡ͦĸɽ೤ĽӣǱ˸ɽˮޣɽϳƬŨɭǣȥѰЩϺļĴǸʲôԵġʷḻǴ˼ɫ

˵ȻֱӴٽǲҵķչ׳ȥһȦ洦ܼЩͬɫľ¥ׯʽͬȴһͨ㡣ǾǱã𱬡

ŵĴɽԻɽİǹ౳λãһ£ɽɽҲҶǴеĿĵء

ʻɻ֣ŨĻ㡣Ҷ԰𳵴ӣ̽ͷĽ־

ֻлŽأâƽŴŵؽһ֮ͬµĴšˮϺŵĿʯţûֵĵضȥˮʯн

·Ѿвٵ̿ţʱһӣʳ¯İɢ㡣ŵ˲ֻ࣬żЩ̵ϰӣɨڴɨŵǰ̨ס

Ҷһ£˴βǵһγšʱ磬·˲࣬Ҷϱÿһ·Щ¡ǻ˶ʱִŮ쾭ܸͷ¶֮¡

ʻ˴Լʱʱ䣬ǵ˳űߡűҲӭһΪֵʱ򡣳ǽĴ׷𣬻ᣬ¨йϹʱߣЩԼ˽׾ơ

Ҷҵһִţǰ濪·Ĺȥ̸ͣҶԾƲסˡӱ㿴ͷһλũⵣͷŴͷƽ֪װʲô

ҶԺǺ棬ס̣ʲôѽ

ũνǱϹ˳Уһ·ĬĬĿţ̾ѡǾ¶һŷ཰۵Сˮտտ۾͸ϵƵģغÿý

ũûʲô棬ƽȳʱҲûֳ񡣽ӷһߵʯ̨ϣͷҶԺһЦСҪһô

˵űֽߵ¨ͳһҪҶȥȴԱеĻסҶæֹ˵ǱΪɡ

ҲҵũһʵֽũԵЩִ󣬿ʼֻǸĸŮţôΧţҶû¶Ų

ֻҲҶԵһֱߵѾ߸ţӹеݽҶԡҶԽʻƵĹʵϣᣬһϢ

̧ͷũվԭأЦһؿﲻһůĶ𣿡

ũ΢ͷƤƿ촽ѿ˿ӣϵ·ҲԼô֯ɵĴª鲼ơǸͨũȴվöֱֱϣ۽ǰ˫ȹ£һЬߡ

ҶԲɵа̾ϢŴŮͻݶׯĵ䷶ЩŹ󸾻ǴʱվԼǰũ

ǵģ˵ҲеطΪӵġũҶʻҲʵش

ʱҶϺͻࡢע⵽ˡҶ˫ëĻֽ΢п۾Ҷʣԣ˭˵ʲôأ

Ҷæعͷױһ㽫еӱݵҶǰĵף֪óԲóԣ

ҶԽ֣ҶԸӱӹȥÿģԼҲŻϲҶüȻǺóԵģǰڼеʱԺһÿʵ׵ױժһԼɹȻ˾һԡ

ĸɻҶţԼԼҲŲʮ꣬಻ᳬʮꡣ˵Ŵᣬ˵ƽʮ껹Ǵ´ġ

ȻҶ˶鶯ŵ۾Ҳȫ˿һϲҶԣЩԣ״δἰе£֪ǳĸģ

Ҷû뵽ˣﶼûͬ⹫ţǹġ飬ͷ룬ּͻȻһ֣ЦݲõشҶϵǳ̸̵ģ˵˸ԣԱסˣٺٺ١= =

ɰЦó˶ЦҶշΧӰҲ۾ҪϹȥˣһ\ݵݲĴݻƵƵãʱʱڳ\ģǾֵñˡ

ҶԼãӷ϶ũվԭأж˶ȻԼĹףգգ۾˵ףӱóԣЩ̸绹ж㡢ࡢһԿ𣿡

Ҷϴʱãе˼֮飬ԼСʱܰԡ񱦱Ůôһ󣬱΢ЦŵͷһߵȥũȻʢãǰͷĺүˡСӺͺͷĶˡСȥǻеʣ£øͷĽ÷ȥɡ

ӦȥˣҶԼͷʱĵúܣæũȱߣҪӱ

ũӦæϲسҶԵлллˣллС㡣

ҶЦſڴϣû˵ũҶ¶һм΢Ц֮󣬷ʯ״

ũҿұ¨ĸӵһ˲䣬ͷͻȻðһСԴҶһֱǸʱ㱻ͷðͷһ

ѽһ˫ӵ۾ԽϡһСģӦҶԲġһƴС°ͼϸϸ۾ƤҲ𪾧Ө

æ˹СԭŵҶԶʱͻȻһҲһವһֶ˻ȥֻ۾ķ϶Ҷߡ

¶ͷСͷͻȻֶܾŵģͬһֻССĲವȥֺСҶǿųٸ˲ϡ

Сȴݵλ⼫ԶСŮޱţһſ̨ϣһȶϲһڷӹУš

˵ĳμ棬ҲһⵣӱҶ뻨𰣬޽߾ʹ˽һֱ֮ꡣ



һӵӽͷµѾͷȥ䣬ԼһɰͳЩͭǮũ

Χ˻ǵģԭҪһߣ׷׳Ҷ߼ﲻš

СҪɹôúء

ˣۼԼֵĻƹϰɡ

ˣҪô

С㣬Ҫô

߲Ҫôʣ¶ˮġ

= =

Ҷ԰˰Ѻɹʲôĵ˵Ƶô¶ţ˭ʵ߲˸ҸëðҪɣ̵Ρ



10

űⵣű¨Ĵǰ׷ǰӿһʱſڵĽͨŵæֳЩ˹άҶһЭ£ŸмͨҶŵԼǰС

ƶҶԳҶϲע⣬͵͵һǲͷȥȴũűⵣϱŷСͬǵĶߡ

Ҷæ˳еķѾߣ˵ȥͷ÷λ̵ǰ𣿡

ѾȻסˣС˿̬Լ˵ܳɵضҶ˺һŷӦͷӦһתȥ

Ҷ֪ǸȼȨᣬ˷ŵȡʼڸ߳ƽ޹ɳġҪô̵ʱİýūˣȻȥʹ

Ѿũ˵˼仰ũԶԶơȻֻѾϽСﱧ첽߹

СһֱɵڷѾ߻۾գգ͵ҶԶšܿ죬ǰҶԼſڴ̨ϣСתƵũϣҪؼ𣿡

ũϲӸʻæͷӦǵģҾסɽ̴

Ҷ۾գգʱСѾߣ˳·ô

Ѿ߸ոմͷͷһ쵱ֵͱСУͷһؼôӡƫȫ¶ýС㻹Լ˵ʵܾСԵЩ񾭶·ðŷӦ֧֧𸴵ū澡ū澼ǵá˳·ġ

ҶֽתСϣֿЦЦգգ۾СҲɰȻҲգգֻۣǶȫǺ̽һҶĵƤ־

ףǸӱİ˳·ԴһɺôҶͷسţԺܶ鶼ޱȣ˼ֽʶũĴһ·

Ҷϼѵ˿ģһ·Ҳһֻ۱һֻۡŷ·˵ũŸѾͷŮޣһ·ţҲǸһ˵ͷͬˡ

ũϵȾſĳҶϺҶԼࡢʹ˺òһ߽¡Сͬĸһ𣬹Թɵذ븩ϸϸ˵˺ãСãλùúá˶лСлλùöл

Ƿ硰˺ãټҶһûסһЦ˳ҶҲ۾ǿţЦᶼˡ

Сﵹ򶨣Сţһ˫ɫӲڳתƣͣҶϣȻֺһСáҲѧҶǰһ¶һСЦˡ

ҶǿŴٴݣѾԭǵӶСôôеûˣһ̵ΣⲻǸѽ

һߵĹץ˰ѸɹʵݽҲؾصֻСֽӹȥȻ̧ͷлллùá˵ҲȥԣǵͷһСŽСɰ

ҶԼСվŲ߰ȥĵСʵʲôأ

ȻСҶҲøУԼҲؾصĻشҽл𰡣

꼸ˣС𰡣ҶԼʣȫûͬΪԾ

ȥꡣϸϸشӦ

ﶼʲôɣ



СŮһһһͣһŴһϸڳҶϿһʵãĬ˼һ·ũѯ࿿ҶߣʱСĽźš

ãũеҲˡũջƶǰ콵Ψһһµɽʰʱɽ£Ǯҽαôȥˡֻ»ĸµϱһˡ

϶һ»𰣬꿿żǰĶع׾ݡҵԺôճкáɣɵҲɿڲɬͷټʱﵱŮһֵĺûơũЩֹƣʱȥԲá

˵ţҶͻȻ̧ϣȻˣ취ļޣǻ巻

ϱֻ˵˵Ҳһţδϵλ˻ͻȻ廰϶˶٣ҡҡͷȥ˫ָ̫õũˣ巻žÿ֣Ȼвͨġڸļޡ˵ɺԵ촽ͶһߵĻ𰣬ǸļޣıǹŮ

꣬ҸҪѡһŮȥѾͷҲˣ߶ҪˡҼĹǴСȥȻŷСרŵӽѾͷүϧģöף͵÷ֳԺӶԾסƱҪøˡϲŮҲ̵üãֻ㣬Ҹϣ

ϵסˣҶһ߽Ҷ˵ĻһŷӳڸѡѾɡϸƻ𰣬ȷʵϲƯܸЩҸһС檣ǵʱãֻ¸һӵũȻ޸ũ

˵Ϊū͵λ£ǵԼ̣Լδض˸߿ԼࡢΪӣڼﶼǰͷͦص¡

ҶϼԥҲżֻǿѾͷϲʵʵҪˣôһᡣ

ã̧ͷҶϵˣôһ˵㽫ͷƫһߣỨ֡

ҶϴʱЦˣſڵеĹǣ֪᲻ã¶ĸҲᡣ㷽˵ڲׯã幦ȻӦУͬŮһԵ˸㰲Ų£ҲĸŮ롣

һϱЩҡˡŷ˵Щ̣ȻǴ󸻴˼ңԼиֲ뻨ֿ϶۵ɡ

Ҷʱ˵һ֪ΪСŮѡģǩĶһӵ˲ˣǷ̲˲أõδöҸڵ飬Ǿƹܲ˵ġûͨѡ̣ҲᱻɵδӣǶȫƾԼ컯ˡ

⻰ָͷȥŮٵˣ֪һϾڴһ򽫼ӱĹŮҲ޲ȥһ˼ҡ

ٿλöǱҵС㻹ǻóգҲܱȼʮү̫̫ǿǰﵱ˵͵ӣ˵Ƿһҧ˵ͷȨǶһѰɣǹǼǶ

Ҷؿϣ¶ʱԼıŮһѽ𰱧סǸ־һƬ¶˵΢ЦֻҪģúãūʲôѵġ

ĸŮȻȥʰʱ̣ǴںţһͬظǡǵʱûϣȥǱҶ

˵Ҷ϶˶٣һһ䣬㻹һյʱ



11

ɽʢǰȥݶ˸ﲻɽ·㱻޵ÿƽ̹һֱִɽſڡֻȫ̶£ҶһԱڶ࣬һֱʱյſڵʱѾ쵽ˡ

µʦѽӵϢ֪ҶҵĽջľ׼իʳʱǴ򿪴űܹʢӭ

˼µĲסֻʦһλܸɵĴʦҶλʦͬ£ùի֮ȥ۹⡣Ҷϡ̺ԼҶλСڵ̳ϣǺú첼ؾص͵סִķſڣȻСɳͽȥ



ǳȥ֮ԸģҲн겻ǵģ˭ҷҪӣĻϣԴԾۼĳš

ҶԡҶԼԵһ·ǰôƼ⸱ʢģѹһ·ܼŲɽɽˣɽȻ

ΪҪȻʦֺҶǱ

ڶϣҶǽߵС˯ǼӲĴ̣èȥ񷿼䣬ĥãĥȻܳ⿴ճȥˡŵʱ򣬾һɨԺӵСʦߡҶ룬קϹֵ˻ȥȻСԴգգ۾ȵ

С磬ǴҶĴǣæ˵һ䣬ҳ̸ſճȥˣòɣ

˵껹ᲱӣǸаӣǸǲ˰£һ㲻ôӡٿˣĲȥ沿⡣

Ҷ޳ܵα򣬻ضСʦһֱľګŵ˵ͷССЦлǾллˣС磡

һС磬̼óðһĴָļƤ񺮵ضۼҶԻҪСʦ˵ȥæʹϳȥ

ССˣվɽ±ߣϼӳĵСͮͮءζԹʮҲͲ٣С˵ĺôʵԼ˽һô˵¡ϲɼЩССİץýЩ

ϹҪѡѾˡһֱߺյĹͻȻ

ûдֻǰ˵ǸСѾͷ꣬ͬһȥʱƣܿɰܺŶҾͦģСģһƯýСܸСܸɵġ

Ϲû˵ҶƫͷȥûҪѡС̫ҪҸѡɣ׼⣬ٺ١

ıЦתͷһŷ۵СӲǱƨԸ˼ģ̱

ǰɡȻһŵ̫ءҲԼǸʲôǰƵñ裬Ҫᣬ̶ֻܹ˰ɡ= =

ҶԱ˵´ͼǵûбֳ飬Ƥؼ˵ʲô˴ˣ˲ˣĲǵ𣿷ֻǼСƨޣҶʲôеġ

С˧ӵһΪܷΪٵƦֻﰵԽһ䣬Ǹװװ\ݵСȻУǽֶҪž

Сͷͷվڳĺ¡Ůߴߴ߶ͣкӽСƣСͦñֱһϳɵ

޺ͷúܿ죬ӵġɢĹҲǿҡٵһĳʱ򣬻Լ⼸Ѿˡ

Ѿһ·Ѹë̺ӽСڸ˸ʵҶԽ鼫ãֻڻ໳Цϲţɿ˿Ƕ͵·ٵһԼ壬ûֻһ·ȥСüëŵġ

ʦֻа˸֡ȻҲֻ˸֣Ҷҵ˻ϲ쳣ҶҵĵҶǸ˵òˡ˿˲ֿ⣬޹ķԳʱһֱʱա

ǰ컨С׻ķɻˣ޲Ҷүĳ̾Ҷۺʲ

һҶҸԺգҶ̺ŸǳаչѡƫҶ鼰иҵ£ǰųȥȫɱ׬˻ҲΪˣҶĵճŮǧ۰硣

ʦ˵ǰ˸ֱǣ˫Ե



ʵϣҶŮΪζҶ˹谮¶һβСȴҪĲ

ʱҶԲһֻ꣬ðѽѽѧִСǸöģʱʱСֱۣѽѽѧ˵½Сˮ

˯շѾСҡϣһûһţԼԴҲһµĵ㣬Ȼ˯

СҶƽҡССѾһԲӶͷҡεСòֺ

Ҷʱ򣬱ԼŮһɵţһʱȰ֮飬㽫СҶҡﱧ˳

ʱҶΪϵһⷳգԼ̺飬˲˿·ֻǵ׸ôһò⡣ҰյʱԤ㣬Ͷ֧Լӯǲµġ

ҶΪ¿ãѾͷϥ£һᡣԲ豭ץ˰ѲҶֽԼϵĽ£ȻݵҶǰѾͷָ·ѡʲôôߡ

ҶүֻţǲЩģԼȫѡ᲻Ǹ罻֪ͯʡԼһֱԥȻ

ȻǸʱСҶҲǸʡ͵ĵƣգһˮ۾һۣȻ鱲Ҷҿ˿˿ǽеСץҶֳ˿ȻױƵ̧ͷٺֱЦ

ҲǶ⣬վ̾ҶѽҶ㻹̼ңһ꺢ͯˡ

Ȼټ˸̵£ͳмҵ׶Ѱ˳˲߲ͬʱҲ˿·һ̣ǶҶϼмҲӮ˾ǱȹĲƸ˱Դ˱̣ҶҲһҹ䡣

Ҳ֪ҶԸ˸Ҷ˹ʺˣһսȻóƯ̶һʱ䣬ҶҵĿⷿֵҶԴһԾҳΪطһ׸

ͳ죬ҶЦͷظۡƽ谮ҲᣬֱȥҶԷһʱСҶԣĸα˶ýиֱ֮ͣ䣬ҶһСϱĿˮȴʱغһ

ӴҶʱǸ˾Ŷɱˡ

ҲôһԵʣҶԼΨһĵŮǰͷȥˡʱڼЦǺǵ˵ǼĲƸһ붼ѾͷģʱұȻҪߵġҲ𲻷Щõõġ

Ļκʱ㹻ɱڶʮαҶͷһⷬ۵ʱܾɣһȵںֱֵҶҼɹȥ

ǿż֤ʷȵһ¶ȥڱһɱֱ֮ߣֱӾôͷϵȸڷ졣

ǣҵѽ



12

Ȼһ˵ЩǺ󻰡ʱҶҵĳܹĵţ׼̤Ųõĳ⽫ϲѶؼСԲһ꣬꽫ϮĸӭĻߡ

ȥʱҶǳԼ̺ϵ̺һ·΢ЦţʱϤĵؽһһذãȻһߵСɵ͵Ҷֱߡ

ҶȻֵñŮźϸĿһѰѵСӡСҰɾ׽ţͬʱϹֻŵ˵ǵǸڣҾͰСѾ߻Ūƿɰɰ

ֱ۳ڴ̨ϣӣŴԭ̬ﾰ˼ֻǵһӦȥ

ʵϣʱĳС˧ƽһҪ顣ŵͻȻʶԼµøշˡ

Ҳû⣬˱ȽʵǰڣţȫбҪԼúһӣǰ·̫Ԥϣʱ̹һӦܵǴ顣

̵أ߷̵ǳ̼ҵĹǮǸĴһж֮ǸЦЩƽȹƽۣмʮǵʵֹģеĹƽҪһʻϣԣʽų⡣

ҲûҪԸԼūͣϾڵж㡣ɾҶôһᣬʼЩԥˡ

ΣԼߵ˱ȻҲ᳣Ҷߡ˵б𣬿ԼţǸʲôúܡο强ĸƱس̣Ҫܣһ룬ͺǲԷֻܻܿǸſˮС

뵽üĲøˡ°˼ŶԲߣͯ϶ǲеģȫбҪžһлѿǱвôֻŮˣǡ᲻Ѷȸߣ

ʱͻȻҡ£ȻͣҶæߣСԴȥԶԶŻһİǣŻվڴڵĴ¡

˶ΪһЩ·ͷϻһɫͷһ˫۾ڳмصĴҶԿһѾǰȥ뻨˵䣬ĸŮҪͷߣæߴһãȥķ򺰵

𰣬ҳ

ĸŮԼǸѾͷƼҶ԰ſڳϣһЦݡæǣ˻߹밲Сá˵ͷС𰣬ŮСʺá

ǻҲǸģҲǵҶԣʱʾ⣬ḣ˸СӣͷϸСá

ҶһƬǾԼ˸תͷ˵ôɰɣ

ϣ΢ͷССŮһۣûнӻ˿̿ɻ¶أôһ̶ûϵСƨʲôÿġ

ҶԼֻһ۱ͷȥˣҲûپֻϲĳͷĻĸŮϳɣϾ͸üˡ

ǰϵķѾ¶ɫһҶ˵С㣬˲ҹлҪ뻨˵ġ

Ҷգգ۾ҲûΪѣֻСָ˻ǰѻɣҴŻȥ׳

ѾߵͷǣֹСҸ£ҶæͷȥӦ̺ϵһֱڿߣʱ˳ֽ˽

ҶŲȥãŲһЦ̺ϽܵҵСѾ߻𰣬ɰ

̺ǰСЩȴž񣬶Ƥۣ۾ˮ飬治ũҵĳּѾͷСѾĿģȻǻֺøС

Ҷ֪̺ºͺ˵Ҳġʱ뻨˵С𰣬λºͺ͵СҵĳӦûš̷ˡҲ̷ֻܻ˰ɣԼһνǲ׵ġ

Сȴ汻ϽòǸضòĺúӡҶһ̺ʺã̷˺á

лۣЩط´ʶȴҲ˷Ц̺־棬΢Ц𰣬ԺɵúúźСء˵ץһСѿѵ

𰲢̫׳̺ϻе⣬ֻǳ̺ϰϸֻĻмϸĿѡʱΣڳЩҶԣĶȫİģģֱȥӳ̺ϵĳʳתͷĿͶҶԡ

ҶԼԼģ͸ֻСƵģǿŴһμˡСЦŵͷǿõģҪ˵ллŶǸԼ֮ͬޣһɴ硣

̺ϵЦⲻּЩʵĸ͵ñȥС޵ͷ΢ЦԺͻ𰶼ǶµĺùȻ˻𰣬Ҳѡʵˡ

⻰һҶƤ͵һʱϸߡͼ̽Ѱ̺ϵĿڷ磬һַ޳ܵĵڶԣڳһа޺ͯա

̸ҲҪиСˣ𣿡

ȴҲֻгûסССĶһ£ǸġС硱صɡǣ£ĲŰⶼʲô= =

ȳ̺ϽӻͻȻתȻﰵӿȴǵģһǳ򶨵ز˾仰ҲҪͯǺͬġ

ͻȻʹ˶תͷȥ̺иǾ죬ɣЩԽǡԼ鶼˰ˣʱǶһ˱ܴһ˿ɾ䣬ǶڳԴöЩڰţҲδ顣

յˣȻ֪ԼԸˡֻǡ

Ϊʲô

̺ûüʳڣѾ˴ɡҶС˼ֻԼʱų̺ϣ԰ѹѡ۰ֺС̫ϹȻһ֡

ҶԵɴԲ۾ԼӹĹĵģŨܵĽëһһȵءɵüã˳ƴΪŮźţҲ̹



ҶЩʱĻϹȻ˵ҪŮź򡭡ѩ׵Сҧס촽ѹǻһں䣬ѹ

棿

ͻȻı飬ֻ֪ǰڴʱûԼĲӣǰǸҶĬԴ׵Ǽǵһġ

ʱǸոһûãҲֻڰһ·ߵĳ̶ȣֶûһϰ׼סķӣͻȻưôꡣǡɴ˴СһһŮͬѧ¥վ﷢һ˳·ġ

ҶĬûΣķ³뵽ʱ϶ڵԼͬŮͬѧ顣

˸ո߳ȥûãżҶĬļǵãһѺɫɡTţпһ˫ϾͳˣȻúܼġ

վУЦһã˳һ˿ߡɡ֮󣬻òŮͬѧ˵лл

Ȼ˺ƽһšɾڿ쵽СʱҶĬͻȻһӵеɡȻͷҲصؿ첽ǰȥưô£˲ͱܳ

ĪĸŻ˼ңŷЩ졣ҶĬʹͷɳϣ΢ĳѾȥȫʪʱһһصˮ

еɡѾʪ˵һߣ׼ȥ·ɳϵŮͻȻˡ

ǲǲϲң

׼ȥĲӶסؿ͵һΪеݣԴЩʶ

ӦһǲֻǿҾôã

ʶ˲ԾߵߣȻЩ޴ɳ̲ס˲٣˵ʲôء

ʱһֱͷĵͻȻ̧ͷ˫ǾӨ˸⣬Ϊʲôҡʱֻһֱ͸Ƶĵ춼ѧϰңҸߣ֪ѧϰãŮѰӾȻǰˡҪǲϲֱ˵ôˣһֱĸҲǻ۵ġ¾˵öԣһʼճŲǻᵹġ

ʱֻؿ͵һ·ʲôץһѣ¶鴤ʹӦҶĬӰͻȻһ

޳˫Ⱥϣ˫һѡ§סĲӣº˻䣬ǾԲ§

ҶĬϣ˫§Ĳӣۿˮһۿ

ղǸŮ˳ѧϰãʲôõģزûҴƨҲụ̂˵ϲַɻ˵仹ԼǰDֱǰ²¡

˱ͻʪ͸죬˶ֻһTǴ˵ȼҵ֮£һŮѣ벻Ӧѵġ

ֻһɸյѪҺˣһŻеѪҺֱĳȥλֵҲ൱˲ˡ

ҶĬŽţпֱӿ䣬оʲôסԼ˲ˡͻȻʶԼΪǴ˵кĹ\һѪʱϳ壬һ˺ƨɡ

æɿ֣ԼDֱƿͼһʱ̫ţֱץȥϸָ׼ȷǡеһ㡣

һʱûסü߳ˡӲǽҶĬ˺ܴһ׼һʱСƨͻȻһѣ漴ֻѹŵڶ𣬡㡭ֻһֱûģȴǻĴϢԼֱϵĹ̺ʹϢ

Ȼһո뿪Dֱһλعԭλ븩һͳԵЩܻȴħһ㣬˲㽫񣬡㡭ˡ

Ǵ˵еȫݴɹǣֽʲôĶǸƣΪʶʮֵ꣬ഺͣϧҪͷǵһü̼˭˭˭£ԵùͷʣǾйˡ



13

ԻʶԺǸϤٻӰŨûһɫȹССͷϹСɵķ٣ϸСıᴹ࣬ͷŵľ˵СԴסҡΣöĶ֮

ҶԼһֱԼԹʤ̫ƻֺ˵˵ҪỤ̊ɷҲ뵹һң̫Ӵ

ϻҲûҶԾֱתͷ뻨ȥˣ·ղǸСѹûƵġ

̺ҲûۺͯĻ־ϸϸȥָĿĩŻԼ

ǳΪЩ飬ůͺ͵һƬʱŲˣЩƣ̽ҶԵ

ҾѡһЩͦΪأ˵껹˹ߣ¶һЦ

Ҷ۽Ǻݺݵĳ鴤һ£û˦ֻǷŻСɰ߶ȡһСɵȵС׽ô

Դֻں濴˳һ֮ۡעԼߵҶϣʱͬһȫǳС˧Ĵڡʻ촽ŵͷϸ˵ţ׽

ʵҲģڽĺòãҶ΢Ц뻨˵ʵֻǺܼ򵥵һᣬѡᣬȫΪǰǸҶĬᡣȻȴǸʵʵСӣСС;ɣȻǸ֮š

ǣСѾͷһǳżӺҰŪȥˡȫ͸ˣ׵һˡ

˧ȻǲģԷ³ŲСҶȥƶĹУһЩһ˵Żĳ̺϶תͷɻĿһۡ

ôĶҶȻ֪ģ֪֪ˡŲŲ壬ŤְЩ

ֻǣҶʼ΢Ƥһһ뻨һеỨȫԱߵǿֻԼʱٿЩԴ֮ľ롣

治ԼƨһŲְҶһȥˣŻǰ˴գֻ˲üϷôΪвôԶ

ҶȻҪķƹȥȴҲ֪ǹ⻹ģѸ۵Ķ⴦һڡҶֻûһתͷ㤵ضըë̵ģǸʲôǣJJûʼԤȳĶռıˣ⡭⡭.ħ

λոձϡƺŵСƨ޶ȴһ̹Ȼ·ոճԵĲǶһſҪߵı飬˻ĻᡣӵСŮǳ˵ı飬беᣬüβͣú˵

ͦġ



Ҷ÷ζըˣȴְڣܱԡֻѹŭȻ°͸ۿǸһϹȻԱǻ߳֡

ɣ˵ǣһĪĻŲһߵϣҶȰϷ˭ϡ㣬ߡ

˸ͷ￪ʼˬˡȻĿŵ˵ʲôɣڶģ

һССȥ۾ֱֱضһԼԶԶҶԣѹСŹƵģ·˵еӲԡ

Ҷ֪ϹĵߣҲƢġ뵱ȱţסܣҲˡ׸Ѿ֪ݴ˵ĶӣסҼҳҼҵģҲҼסҼأˮתûŶ

ǵûӦбۺݵԼһֱۡٸһλᣬһΡ

ҹǰΣˡ

ҶԺûϢĶ˶СĸζǸסˡ̵ģ˿ɽۺľʵֱͦЩˣҲĶϹ˵NOˣоTMDˬ

С˧綢ϰ죬ϴĲˬǸҺΣпɽǷ顣һһƤ򡣣= =

գⳡĹսԳһ߷ߵͱĻһ·ȥһֱ³Ӳ˭û˭

;̲סбҶԺüۣҶԽǵģȫΪ͸ÿ͵һ۾͵ýŭһ񵵴Σ˦Ȼȥֱˣ

ҶԼ˦ȥҲһɻʲôϹ˲ˣȥ͹ȥƫ˳ˡȻСһţͬʱָ˦һ£תͷС﷢һ߳ԼԺͷҲصˡ

˶һĪվԭءոԺͷĳСԲƵһˣǳʲôˣ

༲׷ҶȥˣҶԺͷӯӯǰʴվһߵĳ̺ϣôˣϲúõô

̺ҲһãȻϸüɻ֪ŻúһءǺã

̺ϣҶԵһѹûСǣ˳̺ǰţӿˣǰλ˿˵ģȥˣǶԻϲԩңѶѲġ

˵ԼЦˣ̺Ŷת磬ǺЦЦͿãˡ˵ôСޣֻ²ʱ͸ûˡ

Ҳ߶߶صʿԼɽλδ¶סʦ̡Ҷұ㵱˲ȡ˷βɷչķʽֻǣһȴû̺Ԥϵһ㣬ʱͻͺá

죬졣

ҶӲû԰ܣÿس̺Ϲ˳ģͲȥ˵Ҫ͸ϽˡӲǸóӵһڹһ죬ǻŭֱ˶㣬ȴҲ󱬷;ѹ˻ȥ

ƢˣС˧翪ʼǰҲֶǲܳö죬Իͺá񡭡ŮΪʲôôƱǣҷôлأ

ӲһȥҶǱ߻ûɳȴʼסˣһҪץݺݵļҷźһ٣ף˭һ֮= =

һ죬ҶС԰һͻȻЩԻˮӡһΪһѾݣԼȥҳҪЩʳ

ҶѾߵͬ»ԺӣոսţһеȵѾӭһС㣬үںͷι㣬ող˵Ҫȥء

ҶԶԼĵ趼ͦкøеģǴѾߴȥǰɹ̫õʱĴҲż

Ѿһ·ҶԣƵ˺СߡԶԶָźĵͤӵС㣬㵽ˣū澡ūȥ֪Сܷ񡭡

ҶֻΪǣԼŵϣ˵ͷȥɣԼȥͺˡ

Ѿ϶ʱϲæҶԼ䣬ǶҪȫִĿĵءҪˮСˮơҶԳ˳죬СѾ߻治һĆ¡

˻С֣֪ˣ֪ˣȥɡ˵תĵͤȥ

СѾԭشƬ̣ƵķɿɽСٿģϻ¶֪ϱ˴󴦷ǸµѾô

ʱ˫ȭֱǰȭͷҧ˫ŻһĶţﺬ߶š

ô죬ô죿һ᲻ᡭģġС϶ǲҵģٺ٣·˼׵= =



14

ҶԶԶĿ˺ͤһۣûЩ룬ҲͤͷΡԼҲ˵ʲô飬Ҳû⣬ֱ۵ĺΧ˹ȥ

һѾ㣬ɿݵҶѱɾ磬Ƶ峺羵ˮ棬һƬƬӨӨ⡣ҡı̲£һȺɫɿ촩ʳڻͬϷ

ȻԽ߽ҶԽЩԾ˵ôҲø̵˲ŶԣߵˣӲһӰӶûƼ

ĽǶȣͤеȺӳʳġһһһӣԶӣȺϱϵϴӵı˱죬ι㣬ϷˣȺԸӡ

ۿžҪ߽ˣɤϵķһ

һֱһʳԶ˶٣һϱӽ˺ˮСһʱǵˮ»ڵø

ҶʯȥſͷˡԽԽɵϹѹǱһ·߹ûˣͷûˣ˸ͷ̫ˣ߸ߵͤȥ

Ȼ֪ﰵԱðأ֣ϸʳĵȻųҶȥȻ첻˦ֱˡٿӣԼҪǲʹƽгֻ»Ҫ

СͥСһ֮ѹһɫ۰ھҪһߵʯȥߴޣƨɲӸߡû취һֻ֮ܵŸȥ˫Űڿи޷棬һű㱻õȻ޴棬̿

ҶԱסЦðҵôô뵱ҵֱ



񱾾ͱһӵԹԭǴͷѪͷˣＸ䣬ԹԻصԼģͱһǡ

촽֪ôӻˡűŤıһ䣬㡭⼸춼ȥˣ֮ǣңд

ҶɻĿһۣûĻԷ˯ƨһЩԺŮͷȤ

΢СüëбۿţͻȻûڣǸһ¶ûеı飬˵ĳ嶯

͵ʯһûס˺ü·վֱˡʧȵΪŭֱֵ֪ͲѡͤˣӶTMôߡ

߹ȥ˵쿪ʼҡ˵ҪͤͷߣҶȴü˷Ե

ƾʲô

ƾʲôЩһͷʯȥתͷĿСȭͷ࣬ԽԽˣô졣

ҶԼͷԱСֱۿһߵϣ°ͺͱǿ׶˵ɿƾʲôġɱˣʽûء

̲סˣ첽ȥžһǸִϣС忿ݺݵûشƾϹ

ǡϹֻҧüأ·ǽȫŭйϡŮ˾˿ˮֱĻëѾͷԾбŭ㣬йʱҪǰĲһɳһѪģ

ҶϹ˲䣬Ķ˶̵ģղôһӣΪصǰֱһģһǼűǼһ˷۵ӲǸ˲ٵѹ

ϹôᡣϹǴó֮ŮźģҪźģɲϹ

ҡһαҭסֻǶġͷ㲻ʳô䣬ɲ硣

ߣŮˣѵһеĻ𣿡ûš

ҶԣѾҡ˵ľһμᶨϱҲģҪŮźȻ˼˵ѡɰСޣǡҲֻǳں桭οŶް𣿡

˼Լۣ侲˼άϽܵ˲ץסе©˻ȥ˵ҵŮĸĶûĻëѾͷֹʲô

㡭ҶҲűЩһ˺Ů˱ǲһġʧ֮ʱһ侲Գ֣һ˱ףɴ˱Ƴ˸¡˭ܵһ֮˭ֻһӱūۣⶼעġ

Ȼһ֣˭ʤ˭δ֪

˵˵ʲôһûֻṴһǣ

ҶԲɽС漴ʶ֮ʱƵҪԣͦͦţ°͵

˾Ů˴ʮʮ࣬µ֡Ů˾ͲУŮĹؿ͹ȥЩ°˼ֱޡ뵱ҿCCAV̨ĸ׾OOXXԼŮ浱ҲǷ޴ԽӴ׵ġϵЩʲôʲôģ۾һǹ˾Ůѧ飬Ĺ˼Ҿƣһ˼ֻ˼ϴֱ޲磬ǴѧŮСġο㻹ʱȻѾóһͷӣ廹ᣬ־þɳֻ»Ҫ޷졭

= =|||

⺢ӣʵǱ죬һֱһ˵ļΧţʵеһբ͹زסӭഺڵķ

ĿɿڴûӦҪֹʶҲӦúSTOPʱҶѾϿһ˵̫ˡ= =

˧ǻŭӲһƷűڵ²и˴롣ϵıҲÿ˲٣ڲǸ˶Ƿˡ

ҶԻϹһ˫۾һգգöһһ˵˳ȼбһȻʶλ

ʱǺηͦͦţƵؿϹ

ĶƿͦϸߵСϣȻһƽؿûлشô

ͤͻȻðҶɻĶϹͦĶͷʼеˡǲ˵ЩˣϾרһģҲЩʲôܵĲһ¶ǴˣҲֱӵÿū۵úܲҡ

ֻǣС˧һ˷˼顣ҶԵСſãͻȻüһ壬һֱѸ̧Ȼޱ׼ȷסҶԵҡһƽ

ҶܾСֱվԭأСʹţŵýһ

˺ð죬ҶҡһƽϵСһ֮СˣոʵʩåΪʼٸջسϵסԼ°ͣȻ˼Ķϵ¹ʷλƣü壬ҡҡͷص̾һתˡ

ȵҶԽʯ״̬ظʶʱǸССӰѾߵ׿⡣ҶԺ֪ĵͷԼؿһۣŵֲһָֻԶȥıӰŭå\ħɫ\ͯ񱡭ֳﶹӲ갡

ĻתһȭԵϣ빭Ӵͷ

ģҪأϡ



15

һһյĺҶһ·̣˲֪ٻݲݡصӲ˭ҲûᣬƹӭĻһѾߣֱȥԼĴ󴲡Ȼ˭ֻСͷĥҧгݣֱ˯š

ٶ۾ʱѾǰʱˡϸűӣ·Ҳ֪ʲôʱѾ˸ȥʣ˵ͷ־ӵĻһ

࣬Ҷˡ

æеĻƣ̧ͷ΢Цʣʲô

ҶԲɻشϣ룬ľӣƻ˲ݮȫҪ˵껹أСֹһ䣬ȫЩķˮ

㶣еӷŵϣվõҶԴͷ̨ϵĵ֣ȼַ֮ȥ

ڣֻҲˣȥƿѰҪʲô

Ϊ߱ȽǸո˯ѹҶ˻ЩãʻҪҪģûع˵ҲûŹ˼ܻ䣬ֻϸ˵͵ɣʱ̫ҲԶ࣬ҲעӪٽˡ

һ˲ͷֹ֪ЩʲôҡͷЦЦͷһѾսȡһ߼ϵëƤСźС𴲣ȥ׼ʳ˳Щ̿ʱͷů¯Ӹ˰աҹĺҲˡ

˵һߵϵߺͷ˳ȥҶʱ˴رո·߱ڻе߲ͷɨһۡ



⼸գҶԵԺһֱɢһɹϢЩСԺѾ·һܵøһɿ죬˵ͷһӵĴСѾˣҳһڵġ

ʵҲͷź෴⼸ҶСƽﶼ˼ֻ֡Ҳʵ˽İΪǰǰ滹˸ǰ׺졣



鰡ôǰǸ糿˵

һͣСĽһӵľϣľϡľϡľľƬȵȵȵȡ

ľ䲻ʲôϡƷ֣ȴûϼڣЩʱҲǰЩҶһ̶֧Ϻ߼ʻ˲ʱҲĹƷֻҲ㲻˵ġ

ȵСͣѾǿʼȻĳһľʢ硣æµ֮ʣͷ˸ߴ˵Сӹˡ

޶ɫȴ˶ýҶҵĸۡĸ߽߱ǽǲ֪λһƢءе˰Ҷϵȼλ˶̲סСһ˿紵ݶŶȥ

СӽȥʱһѾһľϳݵʱһλ̵Ŀ֤֤ʵСӿȫľϵʢ֮ʱϵıκ˶þʡ

ӢƵͷţһաľ֮סˣǵģסϱɰ׵죬һЦӿϵٶȣ粽߽СĹ뷿

ĿֳǸѾǿһ䣬Сһ·ȥЩܿƵĶţЦڿżʱ򣬾ȻżһģЩֱˤͷȥ

һ죬СǱС廨ͷҳģͷĻСǺԵŭһŭźģһŮͯȫķŭԹģ֪˺εݱ

ǡǡ֮෴ǣСߵʱ鿴ĺáҡڶ죬ˣ

죬˹ÿ춼Ҫһءƫƫͷ˶֪Сﵽ׶Щʲô¡ÿСӹǻĶǱ˵ġö֮ϢҶҺԺˡ

ҶרһѾ߹ȫҶԵСԺֻΪ̽һֵϢȻȥ

ʱչС׼ʱ׼ҶԵԺͷһ֮ǰͬһΣ󻹸ߴСһСֻͯ˶һͨ㣬Ǿǳ÷ǳɰۣؾصĸӣʵ̲ס붺Ūһѡ

ԺϵǱģµСջϴ˵ģȫ쳤˲ӣһΡ

СӽСĹ뷿ͯͷš俴ԳĴģ仹ǸСӣȴܿǸȵġһߵĿŻãһ˫۾ͣԺԼһԺӵΧȺɨұǸҲСģӶ곤󣬴۾ų

ٿϵķΣϢͨ˿ʼߵҧϸ˵϶ǰպүСˣ˵ɶǴüٸͯѡأصĶС

ǵģСѡġ



ָſڵСͯ˽֮ʱͻȻͷ˳ŵСӺҶС㣬ԼֵѾߡ

СһſڵСͯʱһɨ⼸յԹϱ鶼ࡣһץסߵСӣ˷ܵ㡭ûŮǸ̫

ڳˣӲûһλ˼ΨСһˣ˫ֱڱϣ߹һĨЦ˵ͷţҽר̴ǹġȻˡ

ҶСһϲң

С΢Цͷû㡣

Ǿ⻰˵еԣҶͷЩɻŶѵǽйƵñˣ

ʱ񴽱ߵЦûֱӻشҶԵʻתͷվŵͯ˵ҵδˣǿϸˣ

Ҷֻৣ򵭶Ŀͬʱɨϡһֻͬͬʱ𣬡ϸˡм仹һŴŴ޳

Ҫóѣ߲Ե΢Цͯ˵ôظ˰ɡ

Сƨ޶ˢˢͷˣү

䣬ֻǰӰһոջվС㷿ſڵȫʧԺſڡֻһֻСβſڷɿСʱһΧǽͷƮƮĴͷĳСʹ׷ǰͷĳ̰ͳ϶СϢǣȵѽ



ҶԴͶԼԺţһֱǸһ·š磬ҡʧŻعһߵĳȫ֪ڸʲô

Ǹʲôܣ

Цδ䣬ֻζḧ˸ߣͷţ˵

ϵһÿΣһһδٷˣܣδٷˣܣδٷˣܡ



Ҷ˫ĿɴԲŵĿն񶾽ƻɵϹһ仰˵

ı飬ͻȻ뿪Цӳͷһ˼ҵӶûУٲôһ֮أţ

С˧չĴƤˣÿÿյװװ֪ʵڿˡˣԼϳԱܴʱ쳣˷ܣһҪūۼһֱҪһ겻񡣹Ȼ̬= =

ҶԹȥ߼Ц˵ʵӮˣһӶҳŵŮˡȻʲô̫ɵİҲûϣˡ

˵껹ЦҶԻֱ£ðž𶶸ָͣߵĺֳ

㡭ţ

16

һգԵе䡣ɪɪ˷֮£ƹס̫¶

鷭ߺӣͷѾĶһΣĽǣһ鷽İײһ˵ԼüöСһ廨롣

üϸ룬⼸СߺӾû뿪䷿ӡüͷøĪֽŲɾСӣȻСĶҶӵ治С

ƽĽԼߺзŻع͸û¶ƵߵͷѾˣԲߡ¶ɴСԼţҿ͵Ҳ

кüСѾ߾һŹ˵Цʱͷӿλ൹Ҳһյˣ΢Цǵ˵ʲôأ

˽ãҲȿɿԺһˡ˷ЩСѾǶЦ̸׽֮ٶЩֺúġ

㣬˵С⼸յôˣһԲԲۣԴĴսЩСѯ

ʱĻﻹװ͵¶ֻŰ˼ڳ⼸м˭ֽţʻԵЩĲɡȫ΢Цҡͷһ龫²͸ף

ǼѾҲЦЦֺҲ仰ҼֻҲۣ˵ڣɢȥ



Щһֱ¶ֻжԼסѱ˲źáͷ֪뷨ģӲû¶˿ۼ

һ죬Ҷϲ˹ҶԹȥ˵¶Ҫ˵ţСûڣ㲻Ǹ͵ֵĺûᡣһ룬㻽ս˵ԼӲʣСȥ˷ź

Ҳû룬ϢҶһ·ȥˡţԼȻжȹڳȥǰ֧õֵӵСѾߡ



ҶԱϹһ겻ȵӣ⼸컹᲻ҶϵʱҲֻĽһסҲҶСŮҶҶ𽫽꣬ԹɵӻһֻСĺСӡ

³ǰ鶼ڽܹĵ׼šһ겻ϰסʱŮҪһз

ʵϣҶǰͬҶһҲѧЩ򵥵߻ơֻ仹СֽŶҶϱûϿҪ

ڵȴǲһģɹٵҪ¼ơҶ˳ҶԵСӣ΢ЦŰѻ˵ꡣʵҲǶ಻˵£˵ϰҪ޶׵ʱҲвɵģֻҪͷˡ

ҶϸҶѡ򵥵ļҶվɰˮƽһɰ϶ǲڻ£ֻֽŻ϶Ҫۿˣɵġ

ҶλʮͷҲǽ߿ˣ绨˳廧һ幦տʵǶ಻©ľ˵ҶҪΪԶӧ˵ܲܰЩæ

巿ү谮ȴ˼ѳҶҲʵʵľηһӵġҶϴǺѺáæи⡣

ҶҶѧɰԼһЩ򵥵뷨ͷһߣͷεһȦֳ˲עĵĻԺȥ

һƪžȫȻӡæǰǰϸĶҲһû١վԭü˼֮ʣͷ˵֮Ӧǰ֧Ѿǻˡ̾һСǲ˰ա

߽ȥСĴϱ쵥һƬңߵ̫ûüġ߹ȥɴʲûͭʹӹ̶סɢڴϵ۵ŵһߵĸ߼ܵϣҶԵСһ

ֻиʲôԽ˳ͣеĶļǶһƣӲǱŵһײڼӲĴϣྵۡ

ŵģʧİײߡֻͬǣײﱻһԲСӣ߰ڽͷλãʹǸײŵԲǡһСͷСͷϣñī۾ԲȦ첿λñһֱߣŵǸڱƣ༸ϣǡǡżϾȻббд֡

յǱסˣæڴ죬ѰЩӦһ廨룬Ŵ¶ˣӲûҵǼؼ廨롣

ڴվãֻһͷĸ񶾵СˣȻҽС׾£ǲҪˡͷ˵ԽԽѾҪˣҲû룬ͽǸżؽԼ

¶Բ֪򡭡ֻẦС㡣ʱѾѾͷ˽һѳ˴ϵĴǼѾ˵ԹɾĴҰЩȥϴˡ

˵عͷȥȡĵӣϱʱ뼰ͷһЩǽǸӣֽĶ˽촽¶ֻҪ֪ˡ



ҶԻִͱ׶µģҲûһʱйߵޡҶǱѧһ۾۱ˣûǴˮϴѣű˯˹ȥȫ֪ʱΪϵĴҶʻ

Ҷ˯֮󣬻ŵֱȥҶϷ

ڻǰһʱҶҲһЩĪеķšϱѾϢ˳ȥҶҵλĸϣȫŭɫŲ豭ָսͿʺ춹ޢĳָڹĴɱϣһ֨֨Ħ쳹ŵӡ

ҶҵԺûʵĸۡУʲô۾м仰ܱܿĶ䡣ЩǱ˹⴫ҥԡԼΪûκ˿ͨ͸Ұġ

Ҫ࿹⣬ʵ˵ֶΡ



ļ죬Ҷ￪ʼԷɿٶȴһҥԡ

ǣ̼СҹҶС뷿ΪԻ׹ǣǿ飬ﲻظΥ񷨣鹡



ʱҶͷѧźɰƣһ˸ǰۣҲûЩѾʱʱͶ̽Ŀ⡣ˣѾʹ´÷з֮ʱȴһ֪ġ

ֻһ죬ͻȻ֣ԼСżǸޣϹ廨ûɵСż׵ʧķ

Ҳ޵ʹֻ࣬ǻĴֻһûѾ߸һͷˮȫ״

ҶԾã¶ƺеССĹ졣



17

³弴٣ҶŵƽʣᣡʹʱߡѼһһ˽֯Ϻ顢涼ҶԺ롣ܼҶ԰ѹ㣬ǽЩֵǵⷿΪ֮Ĵϲųֵ׼

ʮŬҶԵĺɰҲ˳ΡͷĻǼ򵥴ķչᣬȻҲֵվտδ̵ֶСʵ̫裬ԭӦӢ䰿Ĵôôһֻѻ

Ҷ԰棬ҶȴԵþ̾ѣһֱҶԵĺѻҶϳ޵ˣѾͷֿɵɰʦẒ̌˱ȻһֺŮ졣

Ҷϳ˼ң幤䲻Ҷ˾տȴҲǸеġһ˵ҶСŮޣ˳߾ѾǺܺõˣȻŻģתͷһˣŵŮһۣ¶º͵΢Цʱ巿Ļвһ˳ڽӹĻ

ֳɵʦǰҪ˭ҲͼļѾͷȥԺѧѧҲŮӵ񫣬㵱ʹòʹã

ҶûʲôС˼ҽ̼СѾͷҲ񣬲һǴ󷿷ĻȻû˵ϼѾͷһ󣬼һദҲǺõġЦŵͷӦȥ

ҶԻڼ⼸ҶϾͷԵرĺãæµҲĻϲġ巿ͷ˸Ѿȥ˵СͬСһȥѧŮ졣

תͷҶ˼˵ҿǽνˣҲ̫ǣ˭ϸصķ

λͷлྣҶȴһ߶СһʵϵɳϣбϷɳһͷϣһͷڰҡΡ洹һССʱŲϵҡηĴ죬òˡ

ֻҶСſǰһ˫Բ۾ֻɳϻ̵СԴһζҡڡãʵں֪ΪʲôСᷢǵȵȷȫûע⵽ԼʱųųСͼȥץǸ

СܶۿžҪץʱֳܵеСջֵʱı˻

ҶȻǸƺ«ִţţСҲһϲɶµԼǵûз֫ŵذſϣֻССĹһһǰצӣһȥ

ҶԳ˼лعʱ㿴СðüͷС촽ţһСͨ죬Բ۾žӨỨίö޳ˣСצӻִǰţģֱ˴ȶ

ٿһշСӵѾǣȫһԳԵ͵ЦҶǸСѾͷֺЦַգǰС㣬С㷢ѣͷĴ˺ˡСģֵϧʵǰΪѡ

ҶԿԼǰִؾСĸ΢ԭҰŵʼ»ζҶСһֱֻҰڵСȻͻȻ˷򣬻̧ͷȥ㣬һ۱ײҶЦӡ

СˣҶЦøɳգ˳СֱԼеɵж򣬶СǲҪѽ

ҶñȽƽﻰҲࡣʱֻǶĶҶԣ̺С촽˵ҶҡҡеĶҪĻͽһ

СҶɲ˵ֻջԼצӣԭأգۿԽôӣҶԽ۰޲˹ȥСһࡣ

ԭСҪС򰡣ҲҪŶôأ֪ܵĴαװС޳ܵĶŪ˼ҴС顣

Ҷգ۾СҶתںȻСϧС֮ס= =

軹ڲƣţСҪҲҪǰ˰ɡûҪǺÿŶ˵껹һϧ״ֱۡ

ۿҪӳȥ˵ҶСһż˵һ䣬𡭡Ҫ

ҶԼƵóѣЦԽĲãҶŲŲǰһȦ˵ǽ㣬͸ôƭ˵С

˵껹ʳָϻ˻˸ߵơҶֿϰ죬Э΢ͷȥ͸СӽƵģϸϸĽһ塭㡭

Ҷ԰ϣԼƺ«ͳ֣жˡݽȥ˼Ҳעһȥ˼ҵСݺݵһڡŵ˼Ҷ۵һ͸˳

ʱո̺ͬһͷɱײһĻǰֻ֪ڴʱű˼С࣬˸Ū˵ӡ

ͷҶϡҶ˳ͷ̺һ·ոţһͷѾǼǶˣæһվôͷһߣҶһڡ

ҶԼҲɵˣ֪ƽ춼һҶȻ˺šæץС򲻶ϵǰ裬ϻź޲ޣ㲻ǹģ˵ԲǲҪˣòá

Ҷһ۰ԼСŮʱ޵ĸԸӣҪǰҶһס⣬С¾ͺ˵ġ˵ǣҶ˵ӭſڵĳ̺ϡ

һߣҶڼСţҶȴǼˣû뵽һڿ޳СѾͷʶǲ֮£ֻýұ߷ϵСǰҡҡС𲻿ˣͰС͸Сòã

ҶԵǴ죬ͷǶʯ飬Ǿϸɶ칤ֵֵǰޱȣȼ䱸ζþ

ǣСǷֲƷֵġֻҪϲģҲֻѡϲģͯĽ

ҶҶһֻеϣίı˱죬СǺִŵģֻҪҶԼֹͣ˿עֻصϣһеĶҲȥ͵ˡ

Ҷϡ̺ϡҶ˼СѾû¶ˣֻͷ˵ȥˡ˹һҶߵλþȥһƳҶһۣҶСӵ̣ΪԼأ



ҶѾϹĶһղ֮ʱɫġ￴أˣҶԲͷб˳һۣ壬ҵƤˮӴеء

= =|||

ɿһŸס󣬲˲١ԼոսʱײΣһǣ٩ͿˮСƨһ·кθ룿

ǡװۿҲǱ£˭еġ



18

С˧һ֣ͷűɱΣʵеɥҶԼϹͻȻбۿ˿һſأ

Է˽ϵСѥӣϣ˸λðɺãûشȻڵģҲФˣôЩӵѧϰѾɽҰΪһࡣҽǵǣǲ򻢱ֻи֡ܡ

ϣյҶԵ÷ǳݵֻνЦЦȻƫͷû¶̫С˼£ҴҪ͸ҵĳŮˣʱ򡭡ٺ١

֪룬ȻҲûܲ͸Ц㺬壬ֻǺɵĿ˿ûġ



Ҷ˽ŵæµУǲŶܸܵǹŨŨϲζиǹŴ˻ϲᣬĵ¥ͥϹһһš̶գǽ·ѣһҲ棬̸Ц

˷⾰в֪ģֻΪ׼أϸ֡

ﰵ˼ŽŵЩԣڹ۶Ϸ贫ͷԽԽ󣬿ɼڱʹġںЩʲڵģֻ֪˻

뼰ԼûȫôСһ¶޷ɵü˼֡ܿЩ󡭡ͺˡ

ҶҶ˻ͷϹбһ߳˼΢Բ˫ĿβϹһϸĻȡ仹ǰĺӣǰģ۵׹ϳɵĿ⣬˼ϵʡһ뵽ССصģԼϤٰܵˣҶԾЩ᲻ƿߡ

ͻȻɵֻһʲôͬӵİѸ͵Ϯһʱ侪ŷң޴롣

ôЩʱգһʼһɺ漤ϹЩ޿֡еѪͷŽʶڵԼͲǰԼˡ

ҶĬͳ붼ѾˣǳСİְ裬ţ˺֪Ϣʱ򣬸жѹġ˶ǼжӣĸҲ١ȵλ˰׷ɣʱ򣬿űһžõʱָһݱ

Ҷֻúһ죬Ѹٵӿûûε˼£ʱź֪ѹԭҲزȥˣҲĸĸˡ

߿˿ȥץסӡ˵ʲôģʱȴ飬ֻĶŵҶ˳Ữȥ

ܻصͯöã޹˾Ͳˡ



ʱ÷ɿ죬³ѾϦ̴ͬȥ˳̼ճƳǰҶ²񡣶һ죬ҶҲûܰеģﶼѾȻΪδæ

ʱ֣ҶҵλҶ㡢ҶനҲ˻ǰʱҶǲȥʶӦһҶ񶩻ϢʱѾ˹·̡

ҶനٰĲԸΰͷ̣ǰ;۷Ҳǲеġ˻ʶҲ˲ù۹ˣ¶յָʾð˲ټ裬ͻ𼱻ǵظ˻ȻһжѾ˶֡

ҶനҶԵķصŲϹ⡣ͷҶһҺֻ˰еӣѹû˦Լ¸ģ˱첻ԣ̼СʲôõģȥʶɼŲӢҹӣһҲǱǿġ

˵ҶֻͷоɫӣһŸſǰԣû˵ǶҲֲˣ㵹̧ͷ¡

ҶЩЦʳָף԰ʾ̫䶼ˡȻɿһɤӣЦ磬ֻڿǸòøһ¶

¶Ҷനһǻȳ͵ɲסбüɻʡ

ҶԴͷһеĴԲӣ̧ͷһҶനû˵ֹӣʹüӵҶനżˣһ۰ϯҶԱߣˬ

ڸ¶ֱ˵ù˼棬ԲЦġ˵껹ظһ֤Цӡ

Ҷ԰˳ǣҵǹ˼Լ棬ֻ˵˸ûӣԲԥò˵

Ҷന㶣ܿ췴Ӧ͵һظĵ˵ѵУôӵ𣿵˵޷Ҳ⡣

ˣҶžдӣ˵Ķ飬ǱҸƭˡĶƫɫģûôס

ҶനһʱЩûӦ˰ŰŰɵĿҶԵһС֪ʲôǻʮڻʶĴء

ҶƲƲ죬ģ׵鱦ЩĶ飬Ҷ֪ٴˣûһǳɫġ

Ϊûƫɫģĸ׵Щ󡣡˵껹°ֻͣ˸Գ˲ţԼﶼû׶ɡ

Ҷķ˷ۣѧ鱦֪ⷽʶû˵ɫĶ顣磬鶼ƫɫģûôŵġ˵껹СƲӱ˱ȡᣬҲϵȵƷʮôţ붼֪ˡ

ԭǳһȳ⣬뾹˸ٻ˵𴩡ҶനףҶС׺ơ

һ룬ϾȻָţҹЦҶԵͷԣ㣬аɫģֻûԶŲ֪еͷܹٵطԽҸ㣬Ժǧüסƫ׵Ҳ涫ġ

= =|||ҶĨող˵棬ʱϧƭСС飬ˡ߯޳ˡ

ʱֻӶ˶ͷҶ˵ҶһָͯգͷҶനˣǼ١

ҶനϱʱһƨѸԵ̺ϵСҶͻȻе¶ڵøϹȥɱȥΪƷұ֤ֲ١ʱܷ˸ɲ㡣

˵ޣ˼ֻͷҶǿǧŶġ



Ҷҭ˵ʲôǺӵˣɫƭ֪ͯ磬㹻Ҫ

Ҷһʱµ۵˽󻹸ŶҶȾѾԡϣ˼ֻյϲҲû죬Ҳû̿¯ߵĵ̺ϡ

ҶϼŵæӿŲȥϻ߶ţӴҵСڣⶼʲôʱˣˣ˵æͷɫϽĪҪͷĺӣѾͷȾϷ纮

Ҷķɫ˱䣬ȴһߵĶֹסˣϲӣĪ˵纮纮ģѾͷǸ·ӡ˵껹ķһѣעʱڣҪʱɧ

Ҷһûٶ˵ֻͷҶԱЦѾͷ׺ͼ㴩˵ɺã

ҶԲ⣬бҵϲʱûɣҪʲô۷õһġ



19

ҶԽĴСм䣬ԼǸᶯҲ˯ľͷ׮ӡֻǰȥǻȼ֮ǰ˲ߣջǵֵס˯ٻͷһһһµĵš

Ҷüɰͷޣ˳䣬Ѭ㴮顣ãλ鱦֬ޢϲʯۣ̿µλ׹һǾ¸ĽƷ

ͷĸûʾ͸˵ˡǣԼŮ˺ķţҲֻд̼Ҷˡ

ɻѾһŵĺĳľԽͷڵ˽βʵǶõһȾҶдǰصı͡

޶ϯֱΪСơһ죬зµ岮оƸԼгУһ·ȥŮж顣

طһϰףǰҹŮʱɼеҵԽŴȻٹϡ˵ǴµĴ͸Ŵ򿪣ԢŸԵһ˳

ʽͨͥҲǼׯҪģ͸ҶĴ˼ҡձΧˮߣֻΪĿãҶȫ֮ʱ龰Լͷͬĳ衣

ʱ֣ŵˮϣһͳصĺ֮ΧȺɧȸߴصŻƶҶŹߵɫվǰͷ߷ֱվʮ׳ļ͡ʱÿ˶ʹ˳̵ҪȥȽ˼ʮĴլš

ҶһֱҶһұֻŮҶһμ޵ŮѾʮǰ¶ˡ

ڹЩۺĴſûٻ򿪡ҶǮƣȴչ̷ңȻҶƹأѾΪⷽϵĴμʼڳıһְٰҶǮ٣ɼӶǲģ̵ǰǵ˳ǳһ˱īֱ˯

ˣҶٻĳʿжֻǲƴ֡ӹޱȵĵ̷ǲύǮΪͬʱһҶҵݳޡײ͡

Ż󿪣ͷİն쳤˲ӣҶǲͬ紫Եһ㣬ʢȻʳǹ

ȻӳġǴĲүҲʯĵذ壬ǶɽĽ鱦ǡһñⵣ

ǵģһޱȵñⵣ

Χ۵˶ǲ⣬ʵҶЦͷ߳ҹԼſڵŵĽַ˸Ҿ

ַغʱҶǿġѾ˱ƣһС⡣ҲûʲôҪֻФλףԸСŮסҶҴϲһӭǰϲ͡

ͷҲԵúǻϲҶЩɧвúãЩƽͷյĿȴпڱΪ˴󷽺ˬһģ侫ȴӲģ岻ʱ¶û¶ͲȼƶҲҶҪԭ֮һһʵݡ

һҶЦ棬ŵĴԣԼոۼŵǸñⵣ˴˳

ҶүſôŸñⵣأ˵дҶô

Ҷͷ˿ǰıⵣһۣͷ˵ɲͨñⵣҶԼǰˣҶһҵĴ󹦳ء

ͷŻȻȻ׵ͷлЦӭϵԭǼҴ֮ҵ˵Ҷү׽Ƶˣɳƽſլӹ׵¶ء

Ⱥв˶ЦţҶҲͷЦȻЦһգǰ΢˷˶ӣѹ˵桢游үүԼҵĻƽŶԭǱⵣһģͷſڡϱǱŮ֮ͲٷŴſˣֱ˵ۣ۵úܣ

ͷ˶סˣֻҶһ˻ͷЦһԱֱվŵļҶūм䣬Ѿ˲̿͵ЦҲΪСһ죬λűȥЩŵĲǻƳγεĽɽб˳

ַǷԺͷҲһȻ졣˾һԹƷ̸ЦգСҶԵǰڣһƪ

ɫϲСһҲܶĽڴϡͷ˵ļ߼ͷͷҵҲ˼鴮洹Ǽ˼ּ˱СɱӡϹʯȦֻϱһĸġġͭġ

ɥĴͷȥҶᡣĸСʱԭΪڿϢˣ˭֪ôʢװ磬Ҫô˯ȥ

֪ô鷳Ͳöһ뵱ڲᡢ֤ӾſëǮͳ˺Ϸޡģ

ǰϦССӶһ˽ڹ뷿УأԳ̾廳ǰɿݵḶ̌ž˯= =



ڶϣҶıоѡ۱ԼϵĴˡ໻·ϻ黨üŨ죬ѵһױ

˯Դգ۾ؾصվڻԱߡʱͷȣϲϲС㣬С簲С𴲣˱Ҫˡ

Ҷż米ĶǰС𰣬û˯ѹ˸ȣ૵Сѧϰڷɣͦôӵġ

˵뵹ȥ˯ȴֿĻһѸסˣСӡտӣҲ˯ˡϽҸСүҪˡ

ҶҲȥھڰɣԼֻ˱ޱޡ˾͵£ֲûġ

˹⾰ЩˣһȥޱһҵıС㰡г֮ջӵӴ

ظߵĻſڴϣ۹ƵĶŴһµҶԣŻ໽С㣬ˣˡ

Ҷ԰п۾ɶûޣǶ˻飬Ҳûɶĵ¶ڴİɡò˵дա



ʱһ̼ҵĳ׼ʱ֡Գ̼˴ǣһ·ڵִĿĵءƸװóţһֱҶſڳȥ˴ɻ֡

ССɹٶһµϲǰһֻɫ㣬֪ݴ˲վҶĴſڡ˿ƮͷСκͦأľ߷緶

˾ſڸжƸ嵥Ϲŵĺᡳʣ̻мضǡͷΧǰıͣ˾ǵԽԽȻҶҵĴšȴǽرŵġ



20

ĺãĵɢɢӳˬů͡˴õүܸӡǰİ˾ǵж֮£һĳ

Щ֪δľƸ˾ǽȴ񵥣ܰŻǳһۼͷװ顣һʾų̼˶׮µӣһע˻ᱻ˽ֵá

΢紵ŸϹŵĴƵĵҡڣҶһֺáϰףзЯǰȥŮƸڣҪбǰƸĿ¼Ů˻ڽյĴűϸƸķḻ̶ĿȴСֱ⻮ϵȺš

˾ǽƸ㱨ϣɻɵĸǰȥšͷŮ˶Ƹ⣬򿪴ӭԼ׼ңһƸͳˡзĺᣬŮƸϲ⣬ԶԷⲻΪɣܾӭ͡зʱ͵취Ҫôһ˵ýţҲ˵˵ģҪôֳƸһֱͷ׼ͷ

ĽǶԣٶЩŮ˼ܶʱŮ߶ᾡ̧ҪץסѵõĻзּۻֻּۡͥԵıʾһ£һƶ˼ҵĶŮԷʲôû㻹ֳָʲôбҶŮںǮƣҵʹ׷ǽ᲻ɵġӦģзҲֳݵλ

ҲΪ֮ųֻߵ£űͷˡڵ۾廨һ⣬ŲŽѿžžıһʱ䣬Ц̾ϲУò֡

̼ƸĶ龮ȻŽȥŴĵ̺һ·̧ȥƸҶҵĴԼǰԺӡĸһ߽ȥȾλϵҶԼҶϿͷ˰Ŵͷٸ˫֣ǰɫĴϡ

ͷΧ˱ͣͷȴԵúǰֻ˾Ҷ˵ͼԵ˫ϲ׼үϲü̴ŵڸ߸ңнӣʵںüն飬Լ״ϲ׼ү˵ɺã

ҶЦǺǵͷһĴã˾ʺ÷ЦݸͷӦʣá

˾ѵŨص׻֪ƲСҲЦһܽػҶͷų˵׼үʱѵɷС

ҶƫͷҶӽһҶϴߺ΢Ц˵ͷҶ⣬ջ߳ͷ˵һ֡

롣

ͬʱҶߵٶͷߺһ롣

ǵȷһʱȻһλ¸ĳݣýȻµǩֻѺԻ飬»㶩ˡ֤ԽｻˣʽҲˡ

ΪСơŮоУŮҪͣŮ岮˸ֳҪзӦģΪӦзĸҲҪ׼һݴӡ

ҶԱڡҪմˡƫ˳ȥ񰲾վм䣬ͷϲֵӰǽһ죬ȫͬĳúϲһޡ

һ죬Ž׵ĻɴŰְֵֻͷɴµ֣һ촽欷׳ʡʵϣľ룬ԼλõͷɴţŽһӡҲĨ

еĳתɫĻֳ˺ᣵĹŴãװ˱˽ȹӡûǡʱģ

ﴽЦá

ҶԱǸʯģʱŴļ£ݣЦٲȻüһ죬ոճ¯İ״ޡ

Ӣˣվԭأֻǿǳ˾ۼĿĽ㡣

ģǸҵ̫ү»Ѿʮˡ׵ʱҶҵཻ֪൱졣Ѹߣǣλ¸ص̫үˡ

븣̫үǰ飬һҶҵϵҶѾ˻ڣõĽͻΪϵ׼ҡһΣҲ˸̫үǰһȵϲƣҶһ׮ϲ¶һˣǸұ۰Ҷδɩͬ۵ܡڡ

ʱͷʽھСҶԾеﰵ̾Ȼ˶Ϊ˵ҲʵӱĶˣⶼص㣬صǡΪëֻϹNND

ʱĽӹҶϵݹĺͷлϳ˵ЦʲôȻҲƲյ֮ʱȸԾҶͣ

ҪΪûֳͲ֪ĸ˾ҴƱΨϹ׬ǮĻԣ֪ҷǳġ׬ŲۣҲֵԼ

ɥվϹߣ۰Ͱ͵ĿһֽսĺɰǸɰһֻѻǳƵķ񣬽ﻹбб¶ԡֵһǡҶԳƷĺ֤Ʒʱ˳ƹ䡣Ȼͷͼ֮ʱĳ˳۽ǡ

һֱȵպյҪЪϢһµʱ򣬳֮ȡһµĺҶۼ⣬ǰƣԼĺ¶ˡúܣͷǺֵǮı

Ҷͷֲ²⣬һߣȴɫŵͷҲ߶ˣֻԹߵҶȻߵ֪˵Щʲô

Ҷϱ΢䣬ֻüδʾ֮ɫʱԤ֮СȻ˵һ룬Ҷϱִ̧Ȼ΢ͷԸ䣬ͷ˽ȥ

һĻûж˰ֵıʹ˿Ӱ졣Ҷϲȴװú֣ȵĽӹ֮еĺӣֳһС

ôʲôãװȫһεģ͸ȫȥˡߡӹ֮󻹵ĳ̧̧°ͣװòΪǮĵҪ˻ǰװνƤ˦˦Ӻֻ֡

ջظ°ͣСȥϵİһӻ򿪡Ҷӿ죬ڴ

Ȼ

ҶԾȵؿźĶ˴㶵СӦǼֵǵ鱦ô˵һ֮ǰĺҲǲģٲװһӽҶӽҲð

⡭ΪëΪëϲ԰δôҲһصĸĸ٣ĴҲ̫˰ɡ

֮Ȼ֪ƨĶϱ룬ֻǾҶеܵľĸ˲ʽ֮ʱʱТׯ̫֮ǳ̼ƹھµĺ˲ӵ֮

Ҷ⻰ӵˣʺ͵Ķų̷ݵλĶááҴáⲻζǵûõʵʵ裬˴һ鷳



21

˫֤˵½ͻ飬ʽʽɡҶԺͳĻҲҶЦǺǵĽ֤˺׼岮ϯͬʱԼӺкˡҶûѾС˽ͷȥԼҶһ׼ҵ˵Ӧꡣ

ҶԺͳһѾߴӵţȥͷԷЪϢҶനԼıþˣǧٸ⡣κθ첲ʼšȣ򲻸游׺ĸ׵ģɥĳ̾һתҶһкϯȥˡСӣҪǶıòã͵ųȭͷɡ

˸ոս뻨ײҶҵλ̫̫ŮһлྡҶԱߣаŲ֪ʲôȻżλ˵ż̧ͷӦһ䡣ҶεдŹϹϲǣŲϾ׽ٲȻæµýҶһһߣֻתһ˫ӣǸ

ͷļҲմ˼ϲµĹ⣬ϴðͷո˲ٳʳ±һѣ˵˵е̵¶

ʱҶǽӭм䣬˳ǳϺˣƽĸŮȥģȴԵóȣʱǰȥ໳Ҷԡã˼û˼

಻ɫıܿҶķ֣˳ҶԻȥҶԹؾص뼸λй֮ǰһƨҶߣһ

Ҷգ۾һۣ΢΢ίĻһ㡣

ֵҶֱЦҶεúܽҶԽմŴȹӣüĻƯ룬ϲͷ˿ϵĺңԥӣһҧСֳҶ˳ȥ

ãԺҡ

ҶԵЩȣҶεദʱ򲢲࣬⼸ͳҲ˲ءӡθڼãÿμһڳŶġҲκҶεȫǸһ֪ģÿҶʲôֻʳ̧ͷһã

û뵽վȻԼãĶӣཱུһƤСеĴ澢ĵ˿ɰ˲١

ҶнӹǿССĺң鼫ãûע⣬һѣɡ˵ֻ۾ѾЦгһ˫¡

ȻҶҶεһĻȴƫ۾һԱɫôҶ϶Լɫ˼ӻʹѾͷ۸Ůˡ뵽ɫ˼֣ȻʲôĸױʲôŮߡ

ҶȻ֪Ҷķ룬ҶεҶһϹҪȥͷ档ҲԸŮ˵ŵ־ͷȥ

æк˸ϣȴҶԸֹˣֻ˵˾ͷԺļɽһϾͻˡȻͬ⣬ҶԻۣȴһһʱûӦֻǰӰһСѾɿ˷ȥ

СͥԺشţѾ׷Ѿ͸ʱ˸ӣһתСڣ˱Ũܵȥ

ҶͻȻ˴һѣײһССϣʹҪȴһѸסͣϹ۵ͯ𳳡

ܿ죬ͷһ󼱴ٵĽŲдŵĻѾǵĺӦ˻ǲ׷ǵıСġȵЩԶֲŷſ˵ڼɽصĿҶͷҶԻ뿿Ϲ

һüͷĵţ鷳

ҶԻͷϹüģһķꡣղż˼ʱ΢΢˺ΡͰ͵һСŤҪҶüûˣýʱڳǰƨı飬˲õ÷ǳ֮áҲȫˣҪάһŴŮ޵԰֣ԼһӦеͯ

ĹĵҪӿҶ䲻ֻİ߸סת۱Ƽϸ·۵ʱƵض·˽ӡ

Ϊձļţͱཱིһ̵Ļȡţ֪Ҫ׼ѯʵʱȴҶͻȻǰȻԼཱུ촽ϡ

е촽һһĶݺݵһڣཱུϸߵСС촽ֿһ

ռ˱˵ĳС˧绹ʯûָոճ궹ҶСåӲһߵĿˮǰӲС˧ٺٸЦϹüûˡ



Ѿģզôåء

Щ£ȴԼжعһԹԣȻʶԣæһץԼСȥ̸ͣҶԡ

ϡš

šҶУĲɵһֻϵĶͣͷû̧

꣬šС˧

ҶԲ̧ͷһۣȻԵĴһ䣬֪

֪֪ҪĪ·߷չɡҲ̫һɣδǸءδأ

ҶûϻҲšóˣҾá¶ۻԺ˵ɡʱ졭

һֱͷҶڽ仰ȥˣ͵̧ͷϳɫԺ󣿲УҵȲˣھҪҵСҹζ֪ϵԽԽ׳㲻֪

Ȼ˵ȲˣھҪʸ⣬ꡭҪ𣿺ù졣

Ϊ˱סԼԼŵףһҧĵǣһû»㲻㡣һʮĳ׿ڳԼŮˣ̫ˣ= =

ҶڷĲԾ̧ͷɻϹһŵĶԼε̾һ

ƵˣҲֻǸ⣬ǰֲûġ˵ȥϵ̿ۡ

Ҷգգһˮ۾

ֵͷҲ̧ˣϵĶҲûֻͣش㿴ҵķ

ҶԴ˰죬ŷӦϹѾ˼һ̿ۡһʱ˷۵Ŵ溢ͯƤô¶ôֱ̫ˡ

Ĭ˺һҲûĻֻһԵĴͷŲλõĿӡʲôЦԼ˵ĵȲˣŴġ·ѵһ˲˵ɵô

ؿֵҶżˣæȥҪѾ⿪ĿӸۻȥϻ͵һֱѣˣåҲӲ豸аӻʡ˰ɡ

С˧ֶ˶٣촹ͷѡ⻰̫˺ˣȻ˵ʵֱӵĽʵġ

һͷҶһţ߶ˣ΢֪ҿ϶Ǹ˼治֪һʲô



һ亹ûʲô¶ֽϻ鷿﷭õǱʮʽȻ˵ЩѶƶоһ顣ȡδ

첻ֻ֨Ը·ɵĸļˣ·ҲûðСޣɼöˣҲûʲôϡǲǡ

ѽˣ˵ֲҪŵǸǮһ˵ˣɲɡ

һ£׹Լ⣬һʱЩҲסһϵٶȸˣۼźɫѾȫ⿪½һ¶ͷɫ

ߣҽƫҪ㿴ˡ

= =|||Ҷ棬å

ܻƺܱĳ֣һOO@@ԷŶ˽ҶҲʱתͷ˹ȥ

ĵطͷͻȻ͸ðһͷС֡СӣСšһװ۵Скͷ˽ϴż׵ĽСӣһ˫µİɫСƤѥںڵͷͷһɫεĹ̶šʱСкգ˫ۣĶͷҵơ

һ޾˺ð죬Ҷ̲ס˶촽˵Щɶȴֲ֪˵ʲô

֪һ֮ʱǰ۵СкͻȻֿҶЦЦ仹ԺﷺЩٺ֮Цŵͬʱ֫ŵһҶ˹

Ȼһ˵¶

۵кҶһֻȥľסҶԵڣȻĺһ[365С˵www.365book.net]



ҶԾֵĿǰͻȻðСƨ޶òʶİɣͦϡģȻ֪֣չȥʵС˭ǰ𣿡

СкīӹµµҶת˼£ֺһ

ҶԿˣٿ۰׵ļԼСɾµ٣ǿӰӡ

ȻһͷĳȴŭˣˮδС˭ɶʱŹϵģܡץСкϸ,ʹҶšȻһŵ˭ѽˮ

Ҷԇ壬㲻޳ܡ

СкһеćˣԸˣŤŤСӣҶˡڿ˵ֵˣֻգ۾Ҷлί

ҶԿСкһֵˣ뵽ǧټƵֹ̫ɼƻ˭֪񡭡ٺ١ҶֽСкɫע󰡣һ˺Сƽʲô

˳죬תһҲԣһСƨԴʵ̫ˣб˶ųСһۣҶԼһѣѵ˵̫ˣ軹Ǽĺá

ҶĨ

СкһҶԻԼ˵üЦһ˫ֺСץסҶԵ䣬ֱе



22

ҶһЦöˣֱСкװ۵һ˵̫ˣҺϲ= =

ĨһѺžȻôԾ̫ˡ̧ۣС޶ŵӲͼ͸ȥСӵĸ첲Ҫͷק

˭֪СҲúܣƲ۵һֲŽӣûüʹġ

ôһޣӲԲҪҪƤķ޸סˡҶԺܿ췴Ӧæȥıﻹ߶ţˣˡǻǲ

˵껹˳һۣóС˧ֱСк˳ƽͷҶǰֳһŸͣ

ŲƳ̧ۿҶԣһ˫īʯ۾ӶĿҶԣᶨ˵壬Ǹ磡

ҶһڿˮͯǺ˺ܣ̼̲סֱֱԡбһۻŻС˫ȥҶԵĸ첲ҪֿˡСƨһҪćһżҪ޳

ȻһΣûиҶԼɢĸĻᣬֱҪɽͷߡСԽżץҶ·ӵֲɵקЩͷ䣬лæţ

ҶЩ̣˵ôСһӣôУǻǸȥɡ

û˵ֻͷҪߡҲֻ֪ǸСӣǻ᳤ġԴߣԽĲˡǰоЩˮСⶢƾͰ컺ȻҪʱɫ˨סС= =

С˧أԵͷС̣ѹûҶԣԼͷ޵Скȥ䲻ײһȺ𼱻Ǹˡ

ҶԵģҳģССƨɫЩףʱڴڵĴҶԺðŶȥƽӣ촽£һֹӡ

Ҳֻ̾һֽҶϵĿݰҶɨʱͷСкҲѾ˸˳ɫЩÿȴ˼ﲻ÷ѡ

಻ɫĿһۣǷˣҾ˵СүҶǾƶ˵ġƣⲻҼҳС¹үһ

ڵñûд𻰡ֻﰵԸ̵һ棬ҵ۸ҼСү

ڼԼϤֹ֣ᣬ˽ֻָҶСֹǇÿɡ

ڳ˻λү˼һ̵ֱļѾȴǶסˡΪ׵ָǰŰɵʻеĸڡ

Сүǿˣ

ڰ붮µĿһۣ漴תͷҶԺٺֱЦҶҲĶԼƣСԴۻ

Ϊ׵϶ʱɫæʹߵһѾ߼Ͻȥǰͷү̫ү˵СүƳҶҵĳС㡣

ѾͷԭЩ£ʱһһع˵תүڵǰȥ⼸ˣʱÿޱȣȫǰһɧ

ڳ˶ֵúܣ㶼ѯʵ۹⿴ּ֡Ҷý¶ڼҲû˲֪ģɤҶ˵Եʡ

ͷһ׵Ĵͽ㣬лֵáŸŮоСˣЩźȱݡڼҲΪó裬

󲻾ã˱㷢ֻ֣кڰ׻ɫǿʽһɫͬģֲʱö֮˼˵ע⣬Ȼ󾭹̽ȵķ֣ǵӾȻȱݡ

ү˲֪ҽķ˶پӲûа취ֻȥ궬죬һλķҽڸǰ˼ʮͨ˿ɫһĺ첼Сӱһѵĺ첼ѸٳһȻԼ׵ÿ

ҽ˹⾰аҡͷȴЦ븣ү˵СүⲢǴǣϡҲүҪͷԼѡ˲ͷ硣

Ȿһҽİο˵ǣ⼸긣ΪƲɫһֱԴˣԼȻʲôֵ¶ö˱Ӧҽһϯеİ࣬һǿĸҲ£ϥڷоȥˡ

鷢֮󣬸ɫ븣ƣȴʼûн첼ϵСӵϣСÿÿˣˣᴹͷͷɫ˵Լȡ˸֣Ї

Ǵ֮󣬸㴫һ˵ǵСүǴǣϣѡֻԼҪģΪڳǧҼǣҡ

ô˵

˶ھ̾˵Ҷ֮ʱĿһֻеСڣ̾ϢõһްȻǸɫä

үһ˵Ϣе꣬˹ҶһһǻԼıŮҲһ˹ǰӺͳ֮кţҲеģԱҪҶȻͬҶһ

Ϊо죬ҶԺ˱ȥǰԺӵСţȥͷҶԡǸ

Ҷúܿ죬һƼԼĸף뵽һȇćĵòˣػֽ󇡇˵껹ŤֻȥɿҶˡ

ԸոڵǸ˵ʼһֱܲˬѾɫäɫä£ƫƫܿˣ˵ʲôҪġƨɶʱֵõˡ

ʱСҪˣæһҶǰ븣˵Сӣұз֮

ϱһϵʣʱɫ˲ϣֻվҶԶĵطᴹͷȥ

ֻǺϲϲԼСҲϲĴ󇡇

ΣʶѣһʱҲû˼ǳ޳ܵ룬ھһСƨʲô˭ε¶Ҳǿԭµġ= =

Ҷ΢ЦҡͷҶЦߵĸ譣Ůѡúã֪Ѿͷˣ

εЦЦȻ֪ʲôӡⷬ⾰ʵЩա֪͸ЩʱմҶˣҪȼ֪¶Ҳֻۿˡ

ԽԽÿϧ̲ס̾һ

һֵ飬ҶԷǳҵĳΪеڶõĺ᡻ʣֻüҶϵһĨɫʵҶܳȴɫ

ҶϼԼĺһ󣬲뾹ȱݡٿɿɰģϧ븣˵

Ǹģ뾹ѾͷԵͷϲ²Զˣɩ˹СҸסʱհɡһĺӶ࣬һҲʡĹһˣ˰װۡ˵Ҷѯү˵ɺã

ҶȻһڱӦˣ˳ƽӻ˵磬Ҹסţҷһٸȥ

Ѱ˼һԼһȷʵϧˡСҶһˣЩʱգöӵתҲδ֪㲻ܣҲǻԵû취¶

ˣͷҶЦŵǱ鷳ϵˣ˵ͷбģ˵ɣüѾͷҲûƫϧ۶еġ

ǺһڱԿ˵Ҷס

ҶԿĵһֱֽкãվԱߣڳһ䱩ǰСơ



23

Ҷڸ˴Ϸ̨ӣؽƸ˺԰ϷǰԾƵıڴԲð¥һǳЩʿϰ壬ͷһ¥ָ䣬ΪĿԼҶҵŮ׼

ҶԡԼͬҶϼλһϷ԰¥䣬ű㿴̺϶ͷʱ΢ЦſŽҶüĿ죬ϼ΢죬Ϊϲ졣

ʩ񵭵һҶüԥãҲųһסһĴ˽һ㶣ͼȫ̲סԳԵЦ

̺վǰһѽҶ§ڻϲӴҵĺϱСǲĨǵģϲء

ҶһãȻĿЦһŵѾߣɶͷԡϹû֤أž߶ˣô˵ҲǶ˻飬ĪǴˣ

ʱҶԺͷ߹˳˳ҶԷϵĴЦ˵Ѿͷ׿ɲʱеģǵõȵʽء

˻һЦҶǸûûƤģʱӵ˶ЦٲͷȥϹ߶ԽϡǡıԲͲûſ³ˡ

Ҷһʱ͵÷ͷƫһ߲ȥˡһƫͷ븣ڶ˸ţСһ˫һֱҶϣʱͷԼæЦЦ

ٺ٣

Ҷ죬˸ʷʵǰһŵĳȥϻԹ˵СڣǿϷȥЩЦ˵Ĵһ

ȻĲãɇȥ۾û뿪ҶϣﻹЦźšЦ档

һΣǰм䡣ûע⣬һֻһ֡ΪԵͻأС˧绹ǵһץţһ˸ڣҧгһһ档

= =|||

00

ʱ򣬳̺Ҳע⵽˸ڣѯҶϡҶϱȷ̺˵һ顣ǳ̺ϱǸĺĳŸĿ¶ɫϧѡ

Ҳͷһ¶Ů˴ʱһ̾Ϣǳ˵ȥƸڵҲ

ǰͷ漸Ů˵ݣбۺݺݵСһۣа̡Ů鷳СƻøֻƵģֻ۾ſˣɺ鷳ĻȻСƨ޶ɰɷҲ

ţתͷ˸һۣǿ涵ģʵ̫ǷˡԽԽϵĹץһŴӣһ˸ڵκСӲײС޵ϡ

ϳʹһỨһҪ޳ǣצԽԽб۾ݺݵصǱ̨ǣޣеӾ͸ӿޣ= =

һͷҶϷ̨ջߣ㿴Ϲ۸СħצץССơٿڣҧһӣǸӦԼעӣƫͷĿԼ͸˵ƵģͰ͵˵쿴ǻˣ۸ҡ

Ҷ˫ίȵ۾˲伤ȣ˵һƸ˳ץŸڵֱֻϣһ졣

ֱԼ۾ĶšȻΪһСƨ޶⡭ֱҪˡ

ٻͷСӣﻹǰʱľǿģǼŹˣװģȡ

ʳָָŸڣ۾㶵ضҶԣ촽ɲſڣҶбһۣӵ۸һСӣ㻹Ϣ



˭˵ŮشԵģŮ˷ǱƽҲû١

Ҷ˵Ҫм伷ﲻʹ죬ȻԸóѣæŸڣӲǲ

ҶԾɻȥҶûмȥذſڿֱ쿪ʤƨ°ͣб۳帣Ƶü

ƼɣҶ̧۸ıսƻЦų帣С˵Сڣߡ

ڱҲǸģ˳ûӦѿɿĳć˹ȥȳعʱСְü۵ؿԼˡ

ҶԽڲһ䱸Ķų񡣹˺һŰǹȰǾС˵һ˱ôСɲ㶼ɶˣɫä㻹۸˼ҡ۸֪ţ

˵Ҳȳشֱ˸ԶԶĳһͷСͬѧضŵͷСƨٿԼ߿տյλãһʱ

ŰĺӡӵȥˣɿǹӵĸأУһʮĴүǶҲһСƨƽϣõԼļۡģӿϷô

˳ʷǳĶΣڳϿϷʱҶҶεҶҲ׷׹

Ҷ뼸һ˵ҶεŸϹϲǰһƨ˳ϡҶСգ۾˴һ֮󣬷ҡҡλεĳҶ˹ȥ

¼ֻǰͷĶҲ˱仯ʱȥֱǣüĲɿŴϷĳĿתϷ̨ϵ⣬ʱʱͷԻҶεؾһڵϣ۾ֻŸں´ŵҶҷԴҶָڵҶԣԼקŇӲŲۺٺٺЦŵĸڡ

ͷ̨ѽѽС\ϣǵúȲʣϡε¹糺ɴ裬ͬ˼ӣľƽͣ򴽷Ц

ͷʮɻϣʢ磬ַǷһӵͲ˶飬и߾ų̣ͳƼȥɻ¡

ٸƽơ

ǻʶˣƽˮѣһԵ֡ٱ߸򵯳ֻΪһʱеǷ̹ʡ

ȻһƬֵķΧУĳЩг̽ἰ˺棬㿪ʼͷӶȴֹŸڵĵȡȤòҪһἰ

ЩԵĴڣ״ģʵʶ͸¶һĹͬ㡪߲ģ˺ôġ

ͷˣͷҲжҶԵ̵ĿϷȴͷﴫһͻأ

üͬˮһ㣬ͶʯӴһһɢһȦһȦɢһֱʣз

ʲô飬ˡ



24

ͷɧԽԽǹ˸̨ϵϷ֣ҵơҶſΧϣ

ܿ죬Ҷ͸ǰͼʲô¡κɧķΧʵֱ̨̫ϵݳͣϷȫһãȻվ̨ϣ治֪ιָͣˡ

Ҷ¥Ӹ¡ҲôˣȺĸƺڶƣһֱĵǿɡ

ü֮ʣͻȻһͷȥŷ֣Ҷϲ֪ʱѾվԼߡʱޱĿֳһŵȺĮȻ޲

Ҷתͷȥһ˲䣬ҶϵԽܶͷ˶¥ڰɫеͶѸٽһҶ漴˵ͷӵתʧĺڰС

ʱ¥ЩҶŮǣ׷׶Ĵ˹Ҷţһ۱ϣֻү￴Ϸأϡ䲻һɧֵ߽ǰͷһۣҲ֪ǿʲôǴ˵ջߡ˶촽ƺҪ˵ʲôƫͷȴƼҶһվûɵһ󾪻ţֻ㬻صԼϣûܽи̵

ҶֻվһԲջˣǲǸð⼸Сͻȥү㡢നǶܴõģֻǴʱ̫ңýмСİװ˾Ųǡ

ҶϽ巿ĻлعЦЦ˵üǣȻȥЪϢɣм硣

˷˻ȻûٺöԼĶɢȥҶСһȳȥ̺ץҶϵְҲϽȥЪϢţЩ춨æˣοͷҲĵġ

Ҷϳ΢Цͷվ˼ĿһԼĸʲôҲû˵һȥ

ͷ飬ҶԱ㲻ö֪ˡֻ׼ݵʱżм˱ȥ˲񷿣лһԼˡ

֪ϢҶԵ˯˲һ롣üʵﱻߵ˭֪Ϊ˺¶

űӣʼҲæϵĶһ¡ֻ˵ҶԵĶģһµѾߣᱻűȻǷ˲÷¶αȥš

һֳҶѹûġ˵̣ȴӲԩ޹֮ˣᴦܵˣ԰ġͷû˯ãʱһڴϣ˯ѸٵϮգ˼֮˯˹ȥ



ʱѾٽ

ۼżʱҪˣҶһߺСѥӣһԹôأٵֻҪˡЩҵЩЩ

಻ŲæĸͷŻŵӣ߲һĨ͵΢Ц

żոշѾ˹˵ǲػæŻֻЩԵ¶Ҫء

ҶԻͭһŰŰɵʵ˵Ŀģ

ഽЦⲻʮָɵĿٷкڷʱһƯķ١ͷ̶סεͷ

ġ

ʱҲȡҶԵСһϿۣһ˵ģСڡ

Ҷһܿͷʵ֪Ҫʲô£Īǽհô

κλֻǳĬҡͷҶæͶһߵգõĽҲһġһˣûһϢֻ֪ƺүⳡϵļңҪҶϲ֮ʣǰ͵͵ġ

ҶࡢһȥԺӡűһĨɫӰӷҶֻһƼһСƿϡ

СӣίĿʵȥˣ

ҶʹСάסƽ⣬ⱻ˵һЦ˵˯˸˭֪ʹ˯ʱ򣬹

һԵЦ֮ʣҶǵĽŲҲͷǼ̵ˡҶԼϹһϲǣ˸ڵӭȥҪкġϳҲûһۣ˵߲˹ȥ

ҶˣǸʲô

ͷˮתͷȥڣ˭֪ñҪã˻ҶᡣһѾȥĳıӰ븣һҲȥ

Ҳ֪ǰ˭˵ЩʲôҶԽȥʱƼһȻضҶϣﱥ˷ŭԼʮֵί

ҶбëƤ˸Сů¯۾ſԱλϵЦ

λﶼԱܿ쳣ľ档Ҷǵĵɳ嵭ֳա

ɿĳ嵽Ҷǰһץ꺮ůѾͷ·Ͽжţɶˣ

仹λϵģȴ巿кҶԵԣǶͷأһˣɡ

˵䣬ҪվȥͷкҶһ۱ƳյĲԾ˶һɿĴͷ磬˳ȥ

˦ֻС첲ҶҲʧ棬ʧķ˿ԥһҲ˹ȥߵúУ˫ֶǰůִ˫ĿƽǰСӶƽȣŲͥ

ҲߵʱﱬһŮ΢ȥҶҵ//\\//\\//\\ѾվʱŭĸȻ˵Ҫϰʵүϡȥү˵ҸǱĳЩĺݵģߣ

仰֮Ҷһ˦ŶȥСƫڶʱһƬСֿһλϵĸתͷͷȥ

Ҷ븣ڡҶεһҶ߿ΪǸӵʽҶҲΪ档ʱϹͷ˳Ҫȥ˵˵͵ոʱԼӶǵģͻһԹ

һתȥ˦Ȼɫ̫ˡ

ԶԶĿأûҶһۣҲû߹ȥڽһֳ°ͣһƬŵں

һԸⰲ״ˣҪԼԼĲƸͬʱҪȦšΣʹЩֶνŮ˰ΣֻһСıԼ֪

ôʱж˰ɡ֪ʶܣΪˡ

ʿũ̡ٵĵλߣϧ;һȤûСο׼ļ̳ˣݵλȫҪȥй滮Լϱˣĵط˱Ϊͼ΢Ĵܸ£Իᱻ˱Ʋ

˵ֻķչˡһ֪ݣԺյĺүѾεиǰ·̵档׼һףԴž涼ΪܶĴ

ôɽ൱ĺáټҵͷԣԼǱߴ֪ʶ顭ǰ;תͷһߵҶԣɹЦšӵõ



25

ںͷСûһ˻ȥ˵ǾĴ˾ˣոսţҪԼСء

֮ҶԼҶ͵ʦѧգȴô᲻ˡĲɵĶһŸڡҶͷȥ

ǽȥʱﻹûλҶһŹл졣룬νȰڽŴĺľԲͷ

ҶﷳƣûȥҶϴкֻڸͷİԼҶҲһһ˰ذԼ㣬һ˾ŇԹŹԹˣ

һǰͷ˵۵һˡ̽ķĴذֺڳϵ¶ɣкβģȻɳȻ¶

Բ黹δĻǲҪ˵ˡǽķȥⲻҪ㶷ˡ

Ȼ֪ŵƽҲִʱɱ˱죬˵¶ͼпķ죬ȻԺ˶ͷȥ˵ģ

Ҳ֪֪Ȱ˵ЧǴ۶Ҳͬ巿˵ǣûٶԡʱҶʱ濪ʱүҲõˣȥѺͷǼСƤɡ

˵֮ʣҶǣҶεԺͷͥԺ߽ҶԵԹǰЩЦСѾͷǣһȥֿ

ҶԻлعͿҶ΢Цվ߿ԼæŲԼС԰ȻһһСƿǶҶһȥͷ

ʱҶԼҶҵӱ㶼ȫˡҶനҶй֮󣬱յҶԸǰˣҶؾصػҶһĸ֮󣬷ߵԼԼߡ

ȦҶͷʹţһί̧ͷļŮ˶ԼЩŭκֲ̫Ҷǰֻĵ׵Թס

ƫʱһɣҶεԶλϡովֵСԼԵĵģȥץһ顣

ϴСմм·ͻȻҵȱһ㣬Ӱһ㵽ҶεߣǻɶСһѾסƱȥ

˶ڸԼ¶͵ıһİϡʱһƬĳСԼĪͣңҶεĴ쳹á

ﱾһӻȴҶҶǰҷҶεһֱ͵ŭɶһѾסСĶ䣬һĴŭ

˷ӦҶεཱུѾӡ˺üѪĺۼҶñȽϽæϹȥˡվԥ˼£ջû߹ȥҶסҪȥҶԣһ䰵ŭݡ

ҶԱҶϰȦڻﶯãֻСüͷŻҵķ･һԭֻǾΪЩ̱ʱȴش۶Щˡ

ղŽŵʱһίҶε̰ЩҲֻǸĺӡĺӾȻ˺ֻ֣Ϊ˷йԼŭᡣ

ľǿ׳ʱʢŭ֮ʱҶΧʹ˻쾢ѡͷţ¶ѹԼûиϵָɣĻԼΨһĸ羾ȥšҪ֪ͷ֪ݴү󷿵׼ҹݺίʵն񶾡

ͷȥһߵҶϣƼһĮȻϰüβıóѵĵ⡣һʱû׼ĶһѸ˳ȥ

ѹûһӣһʱʧģͷȥֻӴһصײ˴ɫϣѵѵʱڵأڹĵذϿƬƬ黨̵Ĳ˶ǡ

ҶϽͷȥһߵĶҲѾվǰҪƺҲסˣųʹһߵĶ촽û˵

̧ͷ㿴ҶһʢŭĶԼ뼰Լίһӵ˶ɺ޵ýʱѾѾ߸ʰӺ͵ذ塣

Ѿͷ֪ģƫͷһ̹ۡһͼѾҲЦһʱ߳ŭۼžҪȥѾơȴһŭ

ˣ

ҶվԭأһƬǽãԼˣûֱ

ҿⷹǳԲˣȻҪ֣Ǿ԰ѰһˡҲ֪֪ѵ׼ҹ档

˵һ˦ҶߵλϡֺݺݵùһۣҶȥͷǼ˶

ҶҶʹ˸ɫʾշöӦȥﱻҶһŭŵôԭأðʶԼƺŭүæץҶӶĵ

үүԩģҸҲǱݺġۼôƹһֱԹİү

޺˵ʱҶԸо§Լ׻ϢһԭֻûʱȴղȫһˣҪ˵ǡвƶҪ֮ʱһ㡣

Ҷһ˿ͷӶֱ˦ɫ㲻˵ǸһԸᡣһķݶϣȥƹ˭֪ҵһϵͷָʹǺó̰ͼͷСҵղ֪ҵĻؿۣǸҪıӵָɳ˵ȷ̰Ҷ֮£ұԲҶҵڣ

һϮҶǸġձǸϲ˵ӣ˭Ͼֳ˵¹ʣʵߡò˻ӣԸôӣԽԽˡ

ҳŭһӵ˶ŵòᡣҶεֵöԼ͵߻ˮģ˴ĿġҶţֳźʹһߡҶСһֶҶ˵

Ҷؿ̲סӿĤĹĵķȡһμҲŵʲô˵ֻýСҶϻﲻǸˣԸҶനԭںĶŪŸڣʱֻǵʹͷ븣ڴ۶С۶һӵѾ˸Ǵҳһڣ»Լƽһٴ

ֹķΧһֱάֵҶҶȻѾһҶϵţҶҵˡ

ҶԶһϳͷǸԼġȷʵǸµȵѾߣֶֻ֪ϻڲԼȥԺĺߣϹռ˱ˣŶЩ΢ӡ

ٿˣֻϵһλƺԺͷĴѾߣǽʱĸ˶ţңɫơ

һˣɫ৵һ±ѩףתȥκֻ˵ͷûһ¡Ҳʱ⼸϶԰¶һЩţҲǸʲô顣ֻǡЩɹʲô¶Ϸ԰ƼǸˣɾʧɫ

ѵ

26

ҶһߣѾ˹Ҷ˵Ժͷ£Ҳ֪ôڴģôЩ۶ӣҿǲǹ̫̹˸ˣ

˵ǣҶãŲСĻҶĵͷȥԻϴڹ̣ܽ˽ˣүǡ

ҶƫͷҶһۣϵŭⲻԾļȥ˼֡Ҷʮ޵ҶңʱԼδּҵÿÿƣӻصУϤշԼֵ֮ʱҲͷǺ˼檣һ򶼻Ǽõģྴʮ꣬Ǽ˵صĻ

뵽ѾЩⲻȥκεȫ˵棬ʼ档ֻεһѹôҿδ⼸¼ū澡

ҶϵͽƵͷļϡ΢΢۾תһȦָǸѾߵǰ˵˵ôһ¶

ѾΨΨ̧Ŀɢ鲻ѵؿҶϣɺԵ촽ǣǣҪ˵ҶȴֳֻﴽǣдЩζЦ⣬֪ͷĳ࣬Ҳ֪ѳԣƭ

ϵЩ˲䣬˫ЦʱþޱȣҲϳţҷȰһ䣬ǵУǰűȽϺá

ѾƤһ£ͨһҶǰһ߿ͷһ߿ɥĵⶼָʹģū޹ġ

㷴ӦֶҶϵԤ֮СҪ˹ʱʹܳ׳֣һѽס

ҶûֱͷݺݵعһۣתͷͷߵͷĵѾ˵˵˵ô¶ǸϸԴ

ͷѾ߶˶򣬷Ŷ߶µ̧ͷ¶ǰССӳûáߵң˵ЩҪȥ졣һͷĵͼӣԲ棬ȥˡ֪ﾹǡɢС㲻֪ܡ˻֮¶ūһʱϡү

˵ʱҶѾòУһӣһվŵѾſϣϵİġҶüͷ壬ȴûһֻۣҶȰοү˵¶ȥ

ȵҶѹסŭֲ֮ʾѾ߼˵ȥ

Ѿֳ̰ƢԣĴɢҶ˽Թҵҥԡһʼͷ¶֪СԼСӵʵ಻ţҡͷЦЦաȴ¶˸⣬ҪϢȫƾһŵഫȻڿഫһıײ෬ҥ汾һ¡ʹҶ˸֪ܵİܻǷǸ꺢ͯûˡ

ҶΪˣȴʱ֪ԼȻѾ紫˲һȫù鹦ԼλһʱĪȻΪ黹ںͷ

Ҷӵ˺ĺԩ֪ʱ߳һ̣һţͷĶ

ֻޱ龶ֱߵߣҶ̫ѨⶫѳģΪ׽ū澣ҿǷӵĶ

Ự䣬һǾһۣɫʱò԰ûа˿Ѫɫϱʱǧ仯ҧס촽ɴ˫ĿҶϡ

Ҷֻ΢΢αϿ˿仯ֻ˵Ҳǣ

һʼžԵ쳣Ѿʹģ﹩֮ʱҲޱ飬һ˿ȴʱͻȻ̧ͷнˮǿҶϵȫǰ

ǶˮǻƵй䣬촽ţѵ³֣ˡ

Ҷֻ˵˶ֻ˵Ƕе̣һãȻ

ã͵Ĵͷȥһ㣬ݺݵͷԺ³˿ǻڡ

ǵġ

һȻˣµѾͷݵúϰСҰĹƤ

ȴֻǵʹͷ̧ͷκˣҲûٳģȫȻһ¼¶֮ķȻҧѾѪ촽˵ţлֻǲ˵

תҶһ˸ĳУһɫĹżʱǰż򵥣ðײһԲεģʹãԲԲͷϻñۡ

˶һ˲쾪ģ޹ģżϲ˵廨룬ԼǰײͷȻӡŵ֡Ҷԡ

ҶҲûܿסԼŭһվ嵽ǰƳȥʹ嶼ڷŶ˵ҲԵЩ״Ρ

ˡ㡭Ȼ˶֮£ĹΡҶ㡭˵̧ҪȽȥȴҶϳֹס

˶ֻעеĲżҶŭȴû⵽ƿеһɲǣҶԵɴ۾һҪ˵֮ʱȴ͵ıһס˳һס׼˵Ļ

ҶԲĶŻֻ࣬һĿԼȻ֣µҡҡͷҲһ˲䣬ҶƺһЩʲôô֯ԣ˵Ǹʱָоǣʲôס˺ֻܿţһҲ˵



Ҷ߷ǳһקޣȥЩͷǸڲżĴﻹ߶ţҶҵıŮ·ЩЩҶֽϣҶԵĲһ㡣

һ˺Ǽªİײ޺ܿɢ˼ܣͷһԲԲĶʯһźɫĶϷ

ںڵĶϷ֮ʱһֱĬͷѾͻȻһȻɴ˫ĿŴָŵϵͷԭСͷǸ¶ȥˣúݵɡȻС㣬ڴ˵Ⱦء

Ůãֱơǡ䡱ͬһĶ̵ͷʹҶǼѸٵֻĹ򵽵ϣȻͷҶ硣

үǱݵġһжҶǶʹĹ켣Ǳԩģҡ檴δżδ˺СĹүҪ찡

Ҷʱڷŭ㣬ýĻԽſ޺Խз꣬ƶԪסһ˦ָͷһλҶŭҶ˵˵Ҳһ£û캦֮¡



27

ҶļҶæǰҶǰʼһΡʵ

îʱ콫ȥŵéС⡣ϲ¶вĽлӶҶĺţͷЩͷ춼֪ģֵֻǣҪʼˣӦлӵĵطȴһ˶ûƼ

ͷ˼ȴлͷšɻ󣬱ǶˣѯǷʲô顣

ǼлҲƤ˵ģҶֵüڰȥ˵ʵԭǳгĽͷƤò½ǣֻФѣʱּ¶ܽϯϳԺȣϷ԰ӹϷ

õ¶ЩвӦҶҲɵģ¶Ծ׷ƤҪʲôʱһؤȴһ˵סȻֱ˵ʲôﻹ˭֪λСԶʲô˵õģȫ֪¶

ҶƫţԽԽù죬׼ͷĹ»㱨֮ʱȴֱʱȥƿȥˡȵ֮ʱǰԺѾֿˡ

ƤһȺͷؤϯϴҥԣҶԼҶ˵üڲɢأ㱻Ҷҵ˸ֹˡֿһֻۣЩƤΪǮƳʳ첻µز£ȻϸϸãȴܾЩ֮

ʵϣⳡڱм֪òʮˡЩо֪ͷԴģֻҶԼµЩˡƤǸǮ¶˭Ը⻨ԩǮôһ޾ľ֡һôһοˡ

Ƥǳĺòƺö̰֮Ϊһĸ٣ûö̾ߣйˡָʹ״硪ذ,

ԭذƤһ·ϻֵܣذԼӼҶҵҶҳ̵ƹԼڸܾ裬ҶҴϲ֮ʱһֲԳ棬ҵƤƱذֵæǡ

һȥ塣ǺҶϣ˵ҶһҹҹϢҵ˸ѾߣǮɢҥԡһգҶֳ̹ǰ̽󷿣пƣ㽫¶ˮ˵ֳȥֳ߷ǳҪҶԼܾŮһѵӽǣҵԼƤֵܣǮ洦ѰʮؤҶҴϲ֮ʱм䣬ȻʱԣͼҶ컵ҶҶϳԵѵ

ӱϿʹƣȴ쳣ķǳûҪתһӣǸͨ˶ܷס

ҶԴͷǼ˵ĳָһñ䡣֪Щ˵ľľǼ٣ȷǣǸżǳ֣֮Ϊʱյ˸֪Ǹʵޡ

ʹıӣڵذǴɫĶϷϡ˼ٶƮԶǸͲͷϵһüģͷȴһֱûһȱ

һжˣȻԭءѿ޺ɳƣֻͷһͷûż䣬ûֳһƲͼϲ¡

ǣе˶汾ʵ࣬ǽ˺ɤʲôأʵʵǽ˸ѽ

ʱһֱĬŵͻȻ̧ͷһ˫۾ѾѪ˿žм־СҶһᣬһ㣬һˡ

Ҷһֱ˵ûҶϵķӦҲ֪ʲôͼɬЦЦȻתͷֻ˵һ䣬Բס㡣

桢䣬ͷ˶ûӦȥҶֻˡһʲôΧõһС

顢Ӱúܿ죬Ѿͷ˳ҪȥˡȴҶֹסˣȻԾ㲻֪˲ʡµĶкôȥɾ˵˦뿪һŮˡ

ҶԽϣǰֳǰǰѵӡ˫Ѫ˿۾·˵ΥĿǷ֮£һкҺһӣһȥҲü̷ﻹծ

ҶϿǰ޶ٱ仯ֻ΢΢й¶ѡڹŮĺЩǶԵΪ˫մѪǶԵ𣿴ĻǶģֵ

зҸӣһ֮ĸʹƣʹԥղ˶ȥֻǵʬ״ϯͻУȥ˷֮ʮһȥ֮˺ɥ¡ʹ֮ҶҵճŮֳͬҥ£ʮȥգһ꣬¡ϴ·µѾͷҶ쳤࣬С͵СȥūгԴҶС㷿µѾͷ˽С˽ȥ£¡µȼҶҶ֪鲻ӣǮҹ㡣Լذ֣നȥţôүãһذϹ̰Իؿۡͷ̳ȥˮ֤ݡ

Ҷϵһ˿ͬһ㣬ûԡвͣһ߿޺һҶϣ񶾸ˣң㶨Ҫ⵽ӦģҵţҲŹģ˹Ҳġ

߾λŮˣɵս˱ӵֱۣҲȥŤףֻѾľȵ˵ȥ򣡡

һȷ紵ҶԲһͻȻͲˣЩ˴һռЩԹԼΪҪվһһŵˡ̲ס໳￿˿Сһȥɣࡣ

ƫͷʾҶ֮űһȥҶһֱͷڻĻǺʱҶ࿴һۣ·ͷһͷˮֻ֣ҪתͷȥðȥȥƵġ



ϣ಻عĺڰ棬Ƭڰ̫಻ʾ˵ܡ

вʹͶļˣ籾ֻǺèϵëȴΪҶͷһë籾дųҶԷȴ˴ɱޣ类ؽηȴ񶼲֪ԼıһȥҶϲ絷ҵذ֣нӹǮһѿ͵Ƥ̵ֳƹԶλԶƹҶҷ˳ǰڼ֮ʱվһߡ

ʵϣҶҲɵӡ³ƹǸ֣õֻʲôû˵ʲôҲûֺ̧



28

ûգڡճ֣ȻҲݻһƣεƴ˵棬ϷϷһԲ±£һȱ

ӦǸֺʱڣҶȴһ᲻¡ͶԾʮգҶȴʲô¶ûһ㣬ûںû̸Q.sh.بng.û˼ǵá˿ΣҶó޷ͨ

ʮһ죬Ҷ԰£Ҷ͵͵ȥ˳ϹƢԣĳǲġȻȥʱλεô¿顣ȻԳı£ϷȻ֪һֻȵʱڳҶ˽øࡣ

ҶԽȥ֮Ҳû˵ֱڳλ˴طȻضȵһ̧ͷ֮ʱ㿴Լϳ

ŵ̾һڵ֪һʱܲˣᣬпᵽ˺¡

ҶƤ˶ûֱӻӦȴܿĻġʶʮ꣬Ȼʱ룬˵ӦңλáǸո㣬ҶҵĴǸɫ

ǲͬĻһ㣬ҶԳĽë˶߶ϹȻ˵ǡˡ

еŻϣȻʵĿαĬĬԭ磬ÿһÿһҲȥм䱻ԩ޹ɱѹɱ̫̫࣬ҶﲻǡģֻΣյʱ򱣻ԼԼܱˡ

޶˸˸𣬸СáССкŮ쳣ᶨϣңҲܵвʱܱһΣգҪҲںҶֻǰһǰ˶ѡ

ǺܳһʱĳĬкڱССĹʵ̡ܲ˺þãǰһûϸҪҪɳҪһȥȫµ磬ȻӦѧᱣԼ

ԣСﴹͷ˼ʱһõϢ

µףҾҪˡ

Ҷ͵̧ͷһɻĿȥ

ЩЦ΢΢۾գգȻǰس̼ҵݡ

Ĺһ˫ãɻ۾Լвɶ˶˶ּ˵ĪˣֻסҵģҲ˵Ժңǳ

ҶŶ˶üҡǿЦģôܵ棿

εЦЦɵϣȻ֪ǿЦġұԼȥס֪ġ

ҶˣԴʶûôúԼ˵ҲѾϰĿڲġڽбŤ֮໹Щмܲһã̬ǰδе档

һ뵽ҪȥһԼδȥԺҲ㳣ȥĵطʹûΪʲôҪһˣС

Ҫ

δ䣬ֻЩƲסմմϲҪ뿪ˣ֪ӵҪ˰ɣȦ̫ӶոСӹתߡ

뷨ȴѾľҶĬɻǵʶжˣ

һʱû֮ǰ̸кιԣҶһ૴ʮ߸¡

ֻǿÿĴߵһĨȣʮ߸졣

Ҷִˣԭǵ

ɻǵãϲʱ飿

ҶЩգ쾿ôˣÿ˵һ仰Ҫ̲סɵءʱȻǵãҷǳǡǡһֱΪԼǵúΣΪʲôʱȴһҲ벻ˡǴʲôʱʼģҹ˯žĸоѾȥˣ

ҡ

Ск΢΢ͷȥɬЦЦ̧ͷЦ⣬㿴㲻ǵˣҲˡأQsuucm

ҶȻЩգüһ£̧ǵģûǡֻʱĸоӣҺȻаͬʱκԸиȻһѨ

СĹĵô꣬򼤶ȾһĨ۵òϼ֮Ϊɫܾã΢̾һѵǲô̫·ˣú֪һֱȥͻת飬ĥһΡǰԾȥǻص꣬ǰ滹ô·ѾԸ⻹ˡ

ҶԲ촽һЩɶԸ⣬ֺγԸ

ССͻȻϵɫ˫ֱΧŵŮˣŵ³һ仰

Ҷԣýˡ

ʹѾԤϣ仰ʱҶԻ̲סﷺᡣסŶˣʰȷϵ˼ǡҪô

еȭͷսüļŵ壬Ȼһҧͷţ֡ȻҶҵСҶԣĳǵ鿪֮ʱ㻹ϲңҡһϲ㣬Ȼǣ֡ԼѰԼ氮ŵʱҲԼ

Ҷûܿסһ䡣һ붼ʹ絶ʣͻȻʵˮģ˫ۣǰһȦȦĹΣס塣

Ҫˡô죿Ů۵ſǻ

šһǿװ򶨣ȴҲ͸¶ŲﰵԽ»ȥҲģǲǾֵܷһ롣

Ҷȥôˮûſһߵ۴ޡ˵һҪô

һʱĳĬð죬кٶ𣬡šһɫݵϷֻȫĵͶ룬ǲŶԵһλᡣռѡҲƽϷ򡣡

ǣҶԱûٶ˵һ仰֪Ϊ˸õδⳡϷĶע̫Լʱ䲻𡣿ûѡİõȷһ벻Ϸһ·ȥ˵һ֡ΪԸѡĿܡ

˸ԭžԵţԼı䣬Ҳᡣô£ʼȷų˹ԸʱԸĸԸĽʧܣ

֡ǲܵİɡ

ǣոջһĳͻȻ͸ŤҲʼƮ΢˾ȣһһЩȰһƨ޲꣬һʡ

˵󣬻֮صͷ϶ңġ

=  =|||



29

һĵ⣬ӲӵĺƯº͵ңɳɳɳɳ졣Ҷ˴ûԼİͷϱһ䵭ɫСȹڱ˳ƽ࣬һ˿塣

ٱǰ̺§СϱϵĨᡣϢʲֹǲáҶԱ㱧ڻһ࣬ҲЩԽ˱죬Ө͸ɴ䡣

ģó̺ϸǲᣬκʱѾ쵽ˡŵˣȼ鰲׵Ҫȥסģ

ҶҧСС촽ִĽͷƫһ߲ȥ뿪һẬۿ˵ίͲܽܡվԱ߶ã촽˶һҧƫͷ̤Ǽȥĳ֡

һûȫʱϣѧᱣԼ

Ƶأл˵ķɻ쳣塣һǴᡣԶȥĹɲƫͷվԭأССͷĵʹţ˫ֽճȭͷڱϣ۾ЬһҲû

ССִŲͷһۣҲִһֱС϶￴ܶʱ˺Ů˱ﰮķʽǴྶͥرġȻǶԼĹִԼļ֡

ͬϲߣůϣеȴΪ˶ٶԷɳϧԼǵĶһ

͸ӥѧϰʱһ㡣һֱϤĺǻǵĸĸὫǵϣȻȥʵϣֻǸʼΪӦпĴȻԼȥģᱻĵñȻһβпȥ

ǽô?ǡǻҪԼĸ۶ϳȻα£ԴⳡȲ۵ѵֻھŻͲߵڵ꣬׵磬ô

ӥƾʲôɵôߣΪܻ죿ΪлСʱѾϴԵĺúӡ

һ̵ֺܲĽʽܻһ

Ϊܱһӣʵһôֵ˲ʹϮ



̼ҵ֮ҶϱԼԺӴԼ״λöһ¥Ҷ˵İЧʺܸߡ̶ʮգҶԾЯһ˰˽ȥ

¥ӦҶԼҪһңһ乩ϰ֡Ūī鷿һСģơɴҶһ˶õԡҡڶ¥ˮҪЩԣС¥ĺһתˮ糵ͲˮУһɹȪ峺ԡҶനͷһСˮݣױɫĲʯһһɰĽ㡣

һ¥䡣ſãҶǰͷӣȦ㣬͸ɡļ䣬һСһΪҡ䣬һǻࡢյĸѾͷסһ⼸ʵѾͷԼȥ

˼ٺΨһһֱӰС԰߸ߵļɽʯΪⷽСһȻϡǹ˶Ҷּ䣬Ǳ߳ͷӡԵģվµˣȴֻܿô̳мǰȥ

ǰһס׵ԺӣΧõžƵʯΧסһСС乳˽ֱֱͤӽУͤΧѾϵ˿«ϯͤûװʡ

ҶԿС֮ͤ󣬷ǳϲڵ˺ë̺һĽƽ̴ľ廨¯ٿܱΣǸ¾ɵĺõط

һֱƲֵ飬ͷϲЩ滺·ǱֱֵʱѾɨϿݻƵҶ

Ҷ룬ֹѾߣ˵ЩҶͲҪɨ˰ɣ˼Ȼʱϻ֮ʱɫǺƯġȦ⾳

˵⻰أˣֻѾ߶һˣɨûعתСôˣ·ͻȻһƵġ

֣Ѿ߻ǽ¶˵˻ڶգֱ߾ΧʣһȦǱɶģҲѾȥԴˣɨҶѾֶ߱һݲ£ǾΪСշµĻ̳һʱͬĻ֣һƬ֮ʱͷףƯ



æ֮ҶԱ㿪ʼҶϵļƻȥﴦѧϰŮ壬һͬĻĹҶεÿϿ֮ʱҲ˰ҶС𱧹ʵڻ̫ѧʲôģȴĿȾţΪԺûġ

ôһسͷʵԪˡǶʮûȡȴĶȡзεģκڲ񷿹죬˹ֵˣ˲ٰȵǱڰϽʱֻűǳ׵ػˡ

ȥ˽ʱ䣬ҶȥһΣƢԱñȹȥǹŹ֡ʱ˾ƿӱ߿ޣ˱ˣҶϲú

ҶȥգãֻǰͷҶŷһλԭҪϵˡ

ȴ룬ﾭһĳ˷θҶŴţ¾ͽٵϴ˳ȥҶҲ¾

ҶǾٶԲסҲݲһſһŭ֮˦ȥԴҲṳ̂ԺӡŽҲҶϱ۲Ϊ룬ֻЩȥҲһɸ˳ֱ˵ǲ֪ôҶһֱʲôû˵ֻǴӴҲûǶͶȥˡ

˵һͷҶŮѧϰУֵ쳣ͻǰŲٵľ飬һָֻͷûȫ򿪣СҲûסЩߴ󣬲˵һѻչľ֮

µרҵָԼʵʲйƱ㽥¶˳յ֪ʶ˶࣬ѧϰٶȱ˿죬ɵҵ㣬ѧ˼ҲŨ

Ůֶ̾ǳҶԵ־Ǳġ˸ڣ͸ͽ

ҶҲϲﴦѧϰͬʱҶλӽר̽ϰֶ顣Щͷɴ״˼ɻԶǣԼѧҵδɵѧʼŷӴͷѧϰʱյĻ

ΪһӵĻּǴʡⷽҲո¶ͷǡ÷ޣ̵Ҳ͸˼顣ҶȻ֮ãѧʶĶ֣ԺĥīԵˡ

ҶǾϲޱȣϼҵ˭Ǽ鱾ͷεģûһ鲢ȡ;ġ˭룬ȻôһǱд˲˵Ǹĺϡ

ֻκξǸŮ컯Ū˰ҶҾһٵô

ҲΪˣҶλƴûĻĻķʵǮ󹤷һ鼮ŽʷרµоСһӦȫЩ֮Ĳжûеľ

Щֵǵ鼮һһװҶԹ뷿Աߵ鷿һҹ֮䣬ҶԵС¥Ϊ㷺ĲҶҲٶȳΪ˳аյĻ̸

˶ҶүίʵֳŮˣһϲ˼ֵĴˣȻΪ˴Ů˴£ʵ⡣Ů綼Ҫóȥˮôα˵ز

ҶÿÿֻۣͷЦȻۻЦŮ͸ҵıĵѾ֣ҶҪС͡ġͣǸĺ֣

ԴˣҶһǳС͡

ÿҶ͵ĽţҶԾͻͷð

ʵ̫вˣ

صʱ򣬸Ҳӻ˼ȥʱֱקҶԣ޻Ӳ᲻ćҶСкͷ΢Ц˵ˣĽͻҵɩɩˡʱ㻹һ·ˣġ

ֻ¶֪קӣ涣ΪҶԳûעĿյһ£Ȱ˵ҪԹԵģġ

ôһɵĺǣҶԲûϡɶ׵ĸڣǺ˵ǸӾϰС꣬һκ̵Ӱ

ͷ·һӡǣӴ˱϶ʱʲô֪ɼǰ¶ʱ˵ѾǸܴĲͬô



30

ʱúܿ죬ۿһľͷҪ١

ҶԶһǰȫȻͬϵŹѰŷʽʱһؿʹôǽҧضͲסģۡ

ҹ˾ʱۿڰ޶˷䷢еֻšǰѵȥǲΪˣԺİ˱ˣָô죿ÿÿˣᶼ᲻ܿƵðоʧһ㣬ܡ

ǽǰϦҶ˵Щ

ԼŮôδŮҪڽһӵΪġûܵѣûԼĻȦӣеհöΪܹ㡣֪Ǻǻ

ʱҶԵúܲΪȻúܼ򵥡ҪΪĵġȻٻ֮ʱʼԥ֪ĵսľ˶ô߼ڶԴ֮ĹϵȻΪ˻άʱĸоһֱ

ڰУССֱ̧𣬸ӿϵüϡ

ʵ֤ˣȥ뷨Ƕô֪Źȥ꣬ѾǲóʱΡָʲô֤ʮʮ֮ɫ˥̰ףĥָѽû֮ͬʱհĳϧ

֮ĸ飿ֻǸܵʱӴ

ͻȻˣʱǰ겻Ƶĸίʵ̫ͯʯöôɵˮݽߣʯ飬綼ĿȫǵʱŵĲ仹ʲôڣ

ҶһսȻѣ˸һδͷĻᣬܼȥȴǰһäĿûнı֮·ҡ

Դ˻Ȼ˲ϢɢȥһڹڵĿˮ΢΢Цˡ

װģһҪΪԼȻԼٰ㡣



һҰѾȥ¡ۼҪˣԵñϲ졣æµһ꣬ʱðӭ֮ʱ

ҪǸʱŨ࣬е˶ʱصϸͲơɨáð¡Һдطֽȵȵȵȡ

գҶԵС¥ڴɨżëӽ˵ĹŵþһȺѾЦææ¡

μҪһȾҪõѩذҪճӣ컨ϲһ˿ƳСҪϴշţеĽҪȥɹɹ

Ҷڶ¥Ĵ󴰻ߣЦеĿͷЩСѾͷشʱʱơѽĸİˮͰ·м䣬պҵ˭ɨ˵ӵ㣬˼ҸոպϣΪëˣҡ

ԺѾǣΪС׽ƣͷЩֻԾֻҪûģҶǰҲһʱЦˣء

Ҷϲķʽ׽Խȴִ֪磬ȴϡòϣͷлĹ͵ġȻҶԵƢԣܳ裬Ҳܲͷ͵ˣ죬ȥ

ʱλãȥҲƼͷæͻֽǡҶСС°ͣĵɹţҲԵЩġ

ʱ뵽ʲôһ㣬һ뻹ɹ̫ĹͻȻ۾õӳ˫ԵúתͷЦ֮ʱѩס

࣬ȥ鷿ֽȡ

ҶԵӣˣæвõһҹ飬ȥһȡ˰ֽëԼīʯ̨

ҶԽմ˼ĵɫȹӣͷϵС·ͬɫ˿ĥīȥ¶ȥˣҶȡ˸Ƶëʣѩ׵ֽд֡

 ܺãࡢʰӡҺܿģһ˵ķΧʵһֵø˵¶糿֮ʱϸ£ֳһСءʲôأڼװѧϰ徭ʵ͵ʷô̫ˣǳСѾˣɵðţô쳤塢ôǰãˣûгأƤǰ˧

Ҷд˲٣ЩҳƤ̵¶Ե쳣㣬ü̳һĻȡ

ʵҲǶ˵һͨţҶԶϰ˰֮󣬳ͲһŹ

С޻ͨţͨ˿ȷЩ׵ġҴȨˣ֮ԶԲ˵ѧϰأҶһүѧϰһһǧԸ⣬ר̸ţһ¹ʵһŪˣǱ

տʼʱ򣬴ҶСһżͷݣɹƭʹˣŪơȴҰЩֻּдŸ˿ô˵ɣ򷱽ϵЩؼҶ˹ʱͻëдӢģƫĴֺ١Ȼһֱӵµĺǣһͷĳϱ׵⽹ۡ

˵һΣͷȻˮˡƫƫһ¾ֻһ⣬дٸ״򲻶ÿ¶ʱ˸һء

ҶҲʹʾүǱ̸ܶȻΪλÿ¶ʱһΣҶŮ¾׼ʱ鼸Ч֮ҶҲĬڡȻ¾һĽΪΨһŦñͷ˼ǵãϻһԼǣһˡ



ҶڳϦ֮ǰͽһж׼ڼ䣬ҶԵķӻؼ׼ȥˣǰҶԲҵҪдһƪԼֵģĿǡꡱҶΪĬȻ˺ð죬Ųɸ̾ȻСѧҵǲôĿô

ǱҲҶ׼˼٣׼ȥˡһжܸɵ֣һСƨܰʲôæ͵Ŵ·ѹǮ

ϻؽ顭޲ʱ͵ľ֮⣬û̵ʲôôǣӻҶȡȥˣֱӽͷͷɱ̥

ԣһسϦһҪ̹СǴ١



ʮһ죬Ҷú硣Ȼȥ㿴Сƨ﷭ʲôССһѲͷֻһСƨ¶ͷ

һûסһ͸ЦҶԷ˰ûԼҪĶʱվֱæҡʵֵ̫ùߡ̽һεһƫƣ˵һֱԽǴȥ



31

ۼźڵСˤ˴ϽЦ첽ȥҶ˺ü²һѵĽ޶ͷһŵĳЩ˼ͷ

࣬ǰЩ͹Ǽˣ

û𻰣ΪԼû˵æϸ͵һһɫǼͷŽߵĺƯġ

εҡҡͷûֱӴֻȥǸɫͷСﱧ˳һֱ߻صߣŻ˱ſڵ

֪ţȥϴʱͷء

˵תȥȡȥˡʱռѾѾˮҶѾˣϲӲɼӿЩЦô磿ٶ˯ô

ҶԳЦЦԼ´ȻѾнӹʪӣճЩ͡

߹ĵŻһ߽ӻȥ϶ҪƯЩҪȥ밲ǰ쿪ˣϲеÿġ

Ѿ߲⻰⣬ֻΪСΪүͷ˿ģһ̾Сܸɹɣүͷ۰ýǺøǱԺͷС㣬쾭Ǳߵʱ޺ˡ

Ҷһ⻰ж˶٣ȴûʵֻǴͷȥеͭǻͷѾߵĻüѵ

˵ʲôأСֵõЩ˵

Ѿ߱˱죬˵ЩʲôȴһڱϸƣίĴͷȥ˵Ķʵ

ɫһǳ˵

ѾûҶʱѾ˿ڣëбۿǴͷίǳѾͷһۣŴ˵ǲԵģοﱾǷǶ࣬˵²ġ

Ҷ˵ţȴԷᡣСѾͷż갡ϻصһ˵ﶼǰ֣治֪ŴǸʲôӡ

˶û˵ֻͷԼ¡˳һͷЩ̡Сô֪ͣԺǷӶ࣬Ҫ˿ˡЩǷ˽̵ô

ҶԻͭ￴˼һۣ¸ղһϯ¶ߣæЦŴϵͷҪȥ׺͵밲ˡ



ǵҶСھһųȥҶ˺Ҷү밲ȥˡǧΪͻȻҪȥʲôģ˼ҶС̴ÿء

ǳϦҹҲѹǮʱȻԴ̹ܣɻû˽ǮҪ֪ǮʲôʱʲôطǶ൱ҪġǮûױҲܷ񣬿ЩԶŵĶʵУ

ǣȥɣ׬ѹǮȥɡ



ҶԾͽȥҶϵȥʱ㡣ҶЦܽԵЩȣеü΢Цôô磿˯ôͼȥӰɡ

ҶæڶСֱۣҡͷԵǲǣů͵ġˣء

ҶЦҶԽճϦҹԿɿأ

ҶЦ۾ˣͷġҪһġ

ǼҶԹæꡣҶԼԹˣΪĴͻģǽҶһ·ԡлճŵĿģΪʹҶϿʹġ

һֱͽҶԼҶЦ泩¶һаЦ״ףΪԲԼӣε㶼ˣҪһסءҲһס

˵͵һҶϵɫ·˼æתƻ⣬ףԻҪȥ밲Ҫһȥô

ҶϻعͿŮһԼһͷ׽ջҪ죬Ͳһ·ȥˡ

ҶҶȥҶһǳҶϵԺȥֻҶ뿪֮ҶƫͷߵǱʲôεѾͷɻǰ㣿

˵ͷû˵Ҷ̫ѨЩ͵ǲ񻰣ûԹѵô¶ү֪

һȻλ˵ҰæҡҡͷӦǲ֪ģȻҲݲ

Ҷһһվͷű߷ԸȥҶͷͮ԰ʰȻķﲦ׵Ѿ߹ȥСȥסɣŪ̫ø֪֪ˡ

һͷߣһߴͷӦ¡ҶͻȻ뵽ʲôƵģƫͷʹ緼ȥϤĴѾͷӺͮԲͷĲ䡣ʲôţұ˽ִ硣

緼Ҷ޹ģзִ磬ܵҶϻġ

˵ͷҶ˷ͷѰǷʵ͵ĵͬʱѰǺüûŵδ̴֮Ҳ

ҶйһߣˣʵŶ˵֮ںҶ˵ҵǸء

˵Ҳ֣ҳְ̼ʷ١֪ôģȴԴΪûʲôȤǰЩˮ̾ġ

Ҷһ⻰ɾ£˵ֶýҶſ

֮ҲЦҿÿһᣬңҲûʲôáֻϾҪ̳оλģֻ̿ǲס

⻰ҲеҶ룬Ҽǵ¾͸˰ɣѾͷͬ

³һ

ҶһЩЦ磬ԭǰδһŶ

Ҷٶ𣬡˵ҲСˣȥĵӡӳиҵãҪʵڲ;ҲĪǿǡҶҵ·ҲδǼ໵¡ΪðأΪ·ġ

֮̾һͷͬ˵

Ҷһֱã⽨ȨȨϵƶȣҵ˶ǶרŰظӡû뵽뷨ȻôҪŵԭ磬˼룬Ҫǰˡ

һеҶͷɽɵҪŶ֮ЦҪ˵

ҶЦһģϵ̫ˣѾͷˣʲôͲõġ

Ҷһ棺ܲҪôôѰ͹ȥѾȫ㹻´ˡЩ鱦ɽʲôĻ͸ɣӶġ

ֹأȴ֮Ѿͷտɻ̸дţ

ҶŹϲЦеĻشδдģ塣

֮ĵ˵ͷȻҶС̸̽ᶼдЩʲôˣ˵ô

Ҷ۽УȻһЦ͵һͬ治ѵҶһۣͷǺˬĴܰ

ɫһϲյҶҶĵûᡣȻֻСƣһǰһ̸ֻ˵ˣҪѰʻҰæҪչǮġ

˶һ㶣֮üͷСӣ֪Ҫ˱ˡüģϸŭ⣬Щġ

ҶˬһЦ˳֮һѣϵܣǲңǾ˷Ѱƣô;֪ˣسɴŶ㻹ǱˣϽ͹ѧ̾ȥɡ

֮εЦЦһҶԵúúã͵ǳǰѹǮѾͷˡ

֪ҶԲʣСЦţ֮壬ǿɲСǮǹǮѹǮѹǮһġ

̡Ҷ˶ùЦ֮ϱʱһãϽһһ·ݹȥС龫ǹ㿪˰ɣ

ҶԻϲϲĽ£Ȼ˵СԴˡ

˵ջس֮ǰ֣Ҷǰǰ졣ҶЦţŮ̫ѾͷԼ׵ҪǮġ

ҶȻһףһལ˵ģֵˡ׵ȻҪˡ

ҶԱ񣬳֮Ա߿Ц磬ѾͷҲʡ͵ĵƣȮŮɡ

Ҷǵصصļթˣʱ̽һҶԵĵϸǣͭҶԡ

ҶԳ˳죬һ߽ͭСɰһֹ߲С׸û٣پˣôࡣ

ҶӣֻԼı¾øѾͷ̳ȥ˼ֳ谮Ѿͷ٣

ҶҲ˵ֻСǰһȡ塭

ģ

˵ֻŰơ

᣿

ǲ˵˵ϵ㿴ܴ򷢵˵ô

Īǡ

ҶͷһϼƣѾǰǧˡΪһ׼ĸ͸ǧ㻨ǮҲҪ൱̶ȵĳ谮ġ

ˣͷԩͷ˵ͷ

ҶҪĿľ뿴ѾͷĸԸͶ٣˭֪ѾͷССȷʵ˼ͨ͸ĸԼssС˼õöԣֵý͡

ǣֱһӣģҾ͸ʮȴʮǶ٣Ȼòʮˡ

ҶƤһ飬ϵǿǲǣ˵㲻㣬ǲ𰸣Ҳ֪ʮʮι̫Ʋˣء

Ҷٳٲ˵ΪǴ𲻳뵽ԼǰŵֻƤҵĹְ̡

գҶջʮ޿ʮʲôһһŴĴ濨˵̣㻨ǮŶ

ŲţŲţ

ˣΪλҶԵСѾ쵽˾Դ㻨Ǯ

鴹أǸʲôʲô˼ˣߡ



32

һϦҹҶջķᡣ׵ﶼǮõӣ䲻Ӹö࣬ҲǲٵġҶҴ绹ûгɼңѾǶˣճҲͷСһһƫ껹һҶനСͷ֪˶٣ȻҲ

ǣҶĶ׵һһһһϳ֮ԼӲ׬ʮһʮ׻ӡ⻹ûǿ͸ĹǻءҶӵмоǹǻɫͨ͸꾫£䲻ʲôϡ䱦Ҳֵʮеġ

һǵҶСҲСһöˣСǿǳġҹݣСűȥ˸ι̵ССһһİڷ룬ԼһЩ˵ͨͨװȥϸϸȵ

СӷͷߵĹͷԿЯúɰȥɰСϣҹͷͷ¡

ƣ˼ʶǿʩöá棬۾͵ôСץġ

һͷҶС㡢Ȼ˯һǵĳͬѧȴǰ˼ˣôûףΪëԼһүǵ׵УϦҹզֻ˰ͭǮأôҲùɷ۶ϲģ˵ϵٺ»סô

һգͬѧ游ǰȥ׼ҰꡣҶСһ˶ԣǾޱȡ̵ģֱر˭˼ŮѹǮҪһ׹ݶ˼ʮֹ

⾿ôһأ뿴ͷطš

ʱ䣺Ϧҹա

ص㣺ҶǰԺ˷

ҶԡҶ֮

̸ﶼ˵Щʲô֮ҶԵ

Ҷ¶һССżթ׹⣬˵֮ǰͳôӦңԲǽ˵ݸ߱Ŷ

ƵƵͷСƨӻ治٣߱˾Ͳ߱£źֲǱˡһСʵ̫ûˡ

ҶѾ͹ĹĵСɰЦǺǵ̸֮˵챻ſ徭ЩˡĿһС˶飬ѹǮȥȻҿ

֮Ȼû뵽һ𰸣Ƭ̲ŷӦ沿һ鴤

ơǿΪϰֳ֣ıӡҪ֪ǻʶĴٹǣǮδҵ֣⡭СӡȻһѪ

Եɱˣͬѧȫ£ǰ޼δ޵׼ԼԼûϵһ

Ȼ¶ǾǸܰܣյһֱ֮ܶܶű˽ڼǳĳͬѧ֪֮ôģԺ˵ʱͬѧֻһͷ͵͵ʹȥܼҶӵǮ= =

⵵¶Ҳ޷Ǿôǻ˵طҲϡŹֵĻӾڳԳԺȺȣ˯˯зɿš

ת٣ѿǶƶеͷƬɫǵ㡣̫ҲԼů͵ĴأһƬ

һļȺһСһб־¡ȴСĿʼ˵

˵¶ʮһ죬ҶЩˣȥߡǽãƽļѾ߶һ˵˵Ů졣ҶţѵĵôģԼֻſС԰߲ûʲô󰭣ûкˡ

ҶСѶһ˦еؾͳԼСԺȥʱã԰￪ɫĴҶһ·С˺ɻرߡԶԶƼҶεСһͷˣ߻ŸְֵѾͷ

֮ȥ꣬Ҷεʵ˲٣СҲࡣʱСѾͷһֻССװ׵ĺÿġѾһߵʯͷķҵĽеӣǲ⡣

õͷĽöһɹ̫˵⣬ƫǸùģշС㡣СֲСǰү˳谮չ˵ܵͷʲôͶò

˼֮£Ƿ꣬СҲôϸˡʱһ𾢣˼ӣ˽ͷ

ҶԴС߹ʱ㿴ԭڻ̳źҶε˵˻رϡƫŵǸԣȫ֪˷Σԡ

ҶԱֹɿȫעģԼͻȻᾪŵĿ첽߹ȥ

Ѿֻͷ⣬ѹû⵽һ硣ҶһʱţҲȫԼʱֻһҶεȲ˶ȥСޡ

ʹҶǧ飬Ҷεߵ˳ӱԵҶæӿϵĲӣۼǸССѾͷҪᵹȥһʱ鼱ɿǰһˡ˵Ҳɣһ˹סҶεԲӡ

ͷոһȴû뵽ͻȻĳʵŵҶεСѲᡣƬ̣㿪ʼŤ޺

˱վΣձԵҶֲĶʮˣﾭôһڡǣԤ֮еġҶε׳ĸ첲ײҶԵؿϣҶֻһɴһûס㱳Żˤȥ

һֻֻҶεӰҶεҲʵ̫СԶԶֻ˵ĺͱȵĶԽˮͷȥ

Ѿ죬æ̧ͷʱﻹüǸԹˣŵҶС㡣æѾӱ㿴СӴƵĹڳӱϡ

Ҷһ־ŰߵһקסҶεĺڱӡҲҶ⼱ǣʹöûгˮȥι㡣

˵ˮĸģקҶеҶε᲻٣Ѿʵڷֲ峡ϡʱǲ֪ҪúҶԡֻþͷͷƤҪʹˡеطʹզ죿ʹ¡

ҶץѾʹˣϵŵһ绹źʾͷһ꣬ƽαװҲ͹˲ˣһеͷܻŭģˣٺӽȥι㡣

ʵ֤Ӳ츳ġҶεôһ𣬵͸졣ҶԼо̧ͷȥ㿴ѾͷֽֿУTMDǲˡ

Ҷ÷ζըˣղŭδ㶥˷λѾ߽е㵹һѽ

Ѿγѣ֡ȻѾҶ̫̹һװ۵ķ⡣ˣһûһԾͷ֮ʱʹһȻľͽָ˻ȥ

Ȼû˵ҶԴ޺С㡭ȼסȥˡͽƨһһܵˡ

ҶѾû˵İߣĿɿڴ˵һ仰

ۼϸСҲܲס޵Ҷı֡

Բۡ

ȻһɣСľ͸ȥ



33

ھ˵üʱҶûȼˮͱ˸ȥҲÿȼ֮ȥ֮ǰݺݱһȥһûôˣƬ̽ˮƫֻڣҶקʹñȼʱǳ˺ףֻЩ

ߣµĸձ̳ˮҶϡﶼѶĸ˹֮ͼѾͷڵϣ²ʡҶͷһæĴԼǱӰ

ǰûЩʱһţڵһ¾͸ðֻҶԵһű̺ӣһߵֱֱԣѾʪ͸ʱսֱɪɪ

Ҷһ⾰ؿںݺһҲ˲÷ˣȥһѾͽҶ§Ѱ˼һȻƳ˴ʱҶεҪҶ࣬æϵѾͷˮ

ҶҶϻŤͷĴѰǴѾͷټκӲûƼһǰӰӡŸղǰȻ̰ˮСܲˣʱȻǱӵɣһʱ߷ǳ

ֱ̫ˣٵͼĹǮµģְҵºҲǸеİղΣʵ̫ˡҶҾȻһõ棬պ

ݺݵҧס촽̧ͷҶϵףȫϣҪýյֵչĽǸѾˡ

ҶǺεȾˣʱ㷴Ӧ˹ɫһҶվ˽СȥһһҶϣŭȥǲ֪СС㡢Се˶Ұ



Ҷϴ˸ˮ裬ɾѣȹһҩ֮ݡҪȥƣѾͷǳʲôķΣôʵĵӡҶεѾˣֻλôֹۣҪ⽫ҲѾůʱڣǻʱСˮһ⣬ֻ»ҪЩ

ҶԳȥʱѾѾһأǴѾ߹ڵϣɢҿ޺ϡ꼰ǣ׷׿ͷģ˭βסǴѾߵԹŭ⡣

ҶͷѾʱһӵһö죬ܵýѩ׵һģһ͸ʯ豭žһˤ˵ذϡŽǺЪ

˶֮£ɶ֪

һҶڱ̲ס쾽üʵǷýҶɫһŭǳ⵹ұ죡ٴ˭һҲӲȥʮ壬ҹӳȥιҰǮһȺͰźã

¶ĴѾѾڱ϶һţʱĶǲˡ̧ͷ㿴˺СĿԼͷΣͷС˼һתһ·ӡ

ʲô˵Ѿ·һˣβһؼίȥеһ·ߡС㻹ף־һţֻ¶ѾǲˡС㻹ڴϵģʱڳľֻˣ˲ȫƾԼһ˵ô

һϼƣ׳˵ӡֻ˶ǰһˣҶϽűߡקסҶϵȹǾͿʼ

˷ˣ㶨Ҫʱʵ̫ū̫ԶֹȻļȴʵֻƼС㽫Сȥū澲ˮҲȥֻ·ᵢ˾λСԲܳȥˡȻҿСǱȥЩСǷ纮

һϮµúǴ޴Ҳܵλв˵ԵǾ䡰ƼС㽫Сȥ

ҶϲüҶȴһĿɿڴ˵ѾͷĶֻ̰ˣ˼ΪСٲ£ξȫƾһ˵ڵİ׵һ߸Դӵһô

ҶЦҴδѹǣֻһƽӣΪҳʵĴˣܸҶ˸ļ֡ˣ˶һ˽ͨū͵λµķ⽨ᣬֻʣҶεֻһĺӣҪ˺ڹʵǹ֪֡ԺҪһ¶׶򵥣ԼƬƤֺ˼ɹԿǡ

˼ҲҶϷֱվ

񶼼ǵãһ̵ĬĬ·Ѿ˸ˡǸɰĹڱڶɣƫڶΪѡֻҪԨҪһ

վڸߴСֻŽëŹſĴѾߡ߾Զ°΢΢̧Ȼӵݡ

֪ΪҲǵõʱΣ㽫ĽϣΪȴʵ޴֪ýˮ⣬ְ֮ڲľĽںˣĽˤȥ֮ʱûʱˮ㱾ˣȴ̰ʹǰΣվءЩصҲ޷ǸΪĴƫ㲻֪ڸģͼѲ˵ӣҽڲ֮ξءְһͼ㲻֪ٱСĸ׽ղط㣬ҲݲȲ֪жĹεҶҵԺΪ

ƾؿڵǹŭҶڳеˣһһ׵˵˳ЩϻԼɢڳе˶Ϊ֮һ𣬾Ҷ϶¶˾֮ɫ

ҶɨѾһۣٶ˵ֻͷҶϵĸףԭί˵ǰ㡣ҶҲõķӳȥɡŮЩʣȻȥ

ҶĿҶһۣҪʲôҲû˵ҶԴʱ鸴ӣҲûˣԹͷȥ

ߵűߵʱͻȻҶϳȥҹ

ҶƬ̣ãȻһƬ

ʲӸ߹ݲΪһӶܿǵĹ֮ΪĵطҲܼԼԭڡ

Ȼ֮ǰˣֻ沨ıһ˾޴Ḷ́



̧ſż㿴бſڵĴľϡãȻñ飬һ͡Ϊѡ·˽ľĲ

ЦЦ߹ȥסֻ֡һȵĶԼЦЦǣһţ

㡭š



Ҷҵ˶оλСı仯ǹɰЦǫϸĵѧϰ黭ҵרŮ壬һƬ֮һ㱡Ĥ

ʶҶʱҲͬǰһܿǵĹڳʵԼͬʱҲѧϰҶɫ

̬ˡ



34

ʮҹתѾ˷ɻ¡

һǳգ¶ʮһҶҲʽķ롣Ȼһ·һ¶ͬһķεľӣݺôҶϣ÷ɵȬ

һֱһ˵˵Ǵٰ˴ӣ³ʮҲ˵˴ӳֻºʮٲܴޡ࣬ԸĿɷʢȣһݺѣЩģꡣ

Ҷյͷһ죬ͻȻĴ꣬ɴһʫ黭⣬κŪõŢʪЬ㣬ʵɨ˵úܡ

СҶͬѧſڴɴµϣգֻ۾ԹĿˮһҡͷ̾

òӦˣһȥ͡ˮģôءΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôء

ͣеĻƣ̧ͷεĿһ۴ſſϵСҡͷʧЦС㰦ΪʲôΪʲôģָܰͣأ

⼸ѾͷҲЦҶһǣҲͷֻ˼ͷһͣϧСûǽӦı¡

ʱͷ߽һСƯĺӣ߱˵С㣬үﵽˡ

Ҷɶ˼һ˾񣬴ϷµأŻܹȥǴӻôơ

೶ƣǣЦЦڵأ𼱡

ʱһߵҲѾ˹Ƽɫ԰ƣݣǱǰջҪˣЩģüôɫô˸漸ٺϢһ°ɡ

æҡͷµģôү飬ﻹʱݼ١

ǡջҪ˵ȴ෴ָֹסЦЦ

ռҶѾˣٶ˵ֻܵǵĿ˿ûٶ졣Ҷһ˷ܵ˹򿪺һһ˶Ķ顣ͷѹһֽҶനǹ˵ּ

ԣؿǻʵ涫飬˿ġ

ҶһĪȥ򾩶һżٶ飬𴩡¶һɶˣƫ羹һֱǵá治֪Ǹ˵ػǹڻĺá

ЩӵϰߣҶÿ綼Ҫһʱ֡鷿ʱ±߶ҲȥʲôԵõֱͽȥߣ߶Ѿϰߡ

ҶѰһɽĥġһһ滭ˮƽõ˵㣬һߵϸĻ

;ҶҡҡλεߵҶԸǰŴŴĻ㣬Ҷ±񴦣ֻһûô

Ҷ𰲾վڽһСЩᣬС۾Ҳգһգˣ͵͵ҶһۣĽԼĹһ

Ҷѧϰʱ鷿иûˡҶһ·Ѿֻͷ棬СǸģҲĵҶྐྵӶ졣

ҶһƹСͷ¯ĳǰͷЩҶƽ飬СѾͷץһƫͷҶûֻ꣬ͷԼ

ǰϷһʵĺʣӦǲٵģʵȻ֫履ҶСǰԺʶʶһʵԣգ룬ڵͷҶѯ𡭡ԡҡ㡭㡭

ҶжӽβʶСͷ˵̧ͷЦԺôȳ԰ɣȽ깦αԡ

ҶϲϲСңɿĵЦЦԲԲСԵԽ

ҶͷһؼЦ㿪ģҲãһЦݡϹδɣִͷġûȥֻС

СС죬ЦͬһɬųȴĻϲġ߻صСӱߣСץһѺʣȻչԼС־ƽϣٽҷȥСȹӵĺҶȹ߹ؾصãֳȥһһͽС

ҶԳһַ»ʣ滹һֻСҪ˵Сûǰó棬㶯ûУЩΪֻһˡ

ڱ۰ϵӽҶȥСһʲôЦ

𡭡

Ȼȴûеõκλ

Ҷ֪Ǹ˵ģҲû⣬һԼĸ첲һ߳ͷȥչ磬ͿС泯ŵ̺˫ŷֿż⳯ƲƽſڰϴͷһҲû

Ҷɻü˯ôΪ˹죬ֳҶ𡭡

ϵҶûӦûжֺҶ￩һ͵ĳȥСҶ𣿡

ɳǰģһӲ۾ǱŵģһЩŻµۻֽȻӲ䣬ﻹһ˿

ҶԼԼ۾ǰӻúõҪҳأôˣⶼǷʲô飿ſɰµСæСôˣϽ۾ɲҪŻ㰡

ûʶ⣬æתͷͷ˰ࡢǿСѽ˵꣬ͲܿƵĹ

⵽ôˣ۾ﲻˣҴƺô𡭡𡭡ء

˶˱Ҷ𲻶ϵĿޱ˵һĻͷܽһⷬȫɵˡ

ǻȷӦıȥҶСһ󣬶ʱҲæתͷűߵİϽȥүͷѽ

һӵŭлʲô¶æȥҶԺܡշҶǼæȥСȻʱһʱ֣ȫ

СϲɣҶ׽ʱˣΪϲһԤ׶ûУ͸͸ȥء

һʱ䣬¥Ͽ޺죬ֹ

ԭΪеһ˭֪ױﴩ޺£޸üԶɽ쵤վҶǰЦƽұ

˵֪ôҵĸܲסһӣҹԲˮСؼҾˣΪЫһĶŮˣؼҶӾˡҵȣɱҵֳҺ㣬޲ܽǧУѪҵһУҲҪһСôŮƫҪȥᣬһӻʹС

ҶĿǰѾ˵ŮˣͿ˵ޢָġһڼҧ˼ˣⲻĴô

ͷɢ˽ͷ黨˺أһ߷ĳͷһ߿޺ǧļˣҪβԼ۲ɾŮ꣬ˣҪôĽûŮôҪͷҿС

סˣͷѾɢҲϱﳤָץۣʱѪ죬ޱȣˡ

Ҷбͷ˵檷¿ɼϣıҶҶѪ⡣ҹʬײùҶأûͱҷصء



إ꣬¶ʮԳš



35

һ꣬ҶҵıʺܴҶСزۣõӦеĳͷʹʧŮһҹ񲣬ͨ¡

Ҷ½ҵæµСҶ׽СܴĴҶڲʱϤչ˳̺Ͻȥ˳̼ҡ

Ҷڳ̼ס¡ҶȢޣҳŮҶңΪҶҵĳϱҶΪ˻ʵ׼ҡ

ҶھΪɣһƽνȢţǸСΪĴѾһԾΪ߸ǽͷԭɡ

ҶԵõϢʱã漴ҲֻǵЦЦͷ˱˺ȥλ½

֮Ҷתͷһ߰ųĳ񣬳̾˵ЩǽԺͷ׳Ŷ֪ܡ

üתϵ⣬ûгشĴָʳָڽϷ졣ҪҪüʦأеЩȭŹܹǺõġ

ǣ̧ͷѯ˵ѧЩգΣ

ҶԻлع֪Ѿ˲ٵСµĴһ⣬üɻ˵߼·?

ͻȻһ㣬ͷ˿Լֱۣٵͷһ۸ͬͷţⲻ

ҶץֱߵӾͳ˹ȥУϲˡ

ݣɿȥȵĽסǷɱȡͨǰһʧ鲻ãﴽЦ

ЩŮ˾ͷʶ̣ж˧͡

ʱ¿ʱնգòɹˡ㼾ͷҲ᲻ıЩɢ

Ҷڴµϣ˿ƽ̿ڰˮСϣű˿ŵľ컨

̧ͷ˿̾һʵǰڣĵطսȺŵԶѪҹȥһζĽڼҪȥ飬ȻӦԼ졣

֪ڰοԼҶԻ̲סӷᡣ˺ܾòԹ

Ϊʲôһֱҹ棿

ʱ⣬ż֨֨֨ѽϰϰ紵ɴӰ

ʲôҲû˵ֻǼѩĽҶ԰ƽڴ̨£˿£е

ʱ䴩罣͵ӡϡʲôҲû˵ȴøĳ̸˺ܶʱ



תǴʮ꣬

̻£Ʈɡɻٴΰ׻ţӨѩ죬ʮŨ㡣

ķɻ־ͷһ˼ҡŸ߼紹ۡռذĶǧơ˵ͷ̻ԻͣȣǸûʣ

иŮ귽ʮģòŵ¶ҶСѧʶԨɣ黭ͨһ־ûƫλС㻹֪ˡд˵Ҷ񸻼һ֣λС㲻ٹ͡

ԣвҹӣʿſȢҶСΪĿ꽾κλСǸ֪ݴ˳Ӷ¡ʵЩ湫Ӹź̾ϢĽѡ

ǣʹлԼԲеĳλҶСǴ˵еģԼľǺõô

ǰʵ۱´̣˵λһҹˮǴߣռλ֮ͷ

Ҷˮ˲˿չǵõ˾ʳͷλӡ˹˵·ӣ긻һꡣ

ֻǣǰͻȻðһλҵšרҶұ֣ȿ䣬ξ룬ǿӲһֱξɳȻǳƷӪۡ

仹δȫϵһ·ȴҲͻǿע롣ר̽˵λ֮ʱۺ̣дʽͶעҲй㲩ΪǴƴɽҲǿӲһսǸʼˡ

ʵҲȷʵˣλص̽б䶯˶Ϊר̾ӪʳΣȻݴ˷ҡ֪ڶȴͻȻתͶú󿪲֮С

ѾתͶ¶֮ʱͻȻһʥּ￪

һֱǿķ⣬˶ԣκԸͷֲݶԸɡ

ȥԹҶҲáκλʵ̫⣬ǰ;ءˣ˶ܷһ˵ıº

£ʵڲò࿴ˡĽ֮࣬Ǻ棬ʹʲôֶΣȻôĴкֶ⴦ġ

ԽԽλصĽɫ֪Щ꣬˵ﾹλӢò꣬δȢ檡

һʱ䣬صҵųΪʽСİ󣬸вͶ̣Ҳλһʱķ϶Ǵţټɻû˷ֵصģΨһȷϱֻһš롣

С㣬֪뵽ʲô˼ѽ?ɫ룿и̵ĺ?Ѱһ߸ҶĥŻ꣬һߺʵ

ҶרעеϣûлشСѾͷʻȻ֪ʲô˼ҲһʱװװʮĽڸĺ塭Ҳֻ˰ɡ

ʱƲסĽǸܸɵˡˣҲʱҡԼû׷ĽŲԼƽȵվߡ

ϸ׽Ļ֬ȡȵͿĨƽ̵ľ˿ϣȻݵһ߰ŵϦϣȥڴɡ

Ѱߴߴ߶ͣ¥ͻȻһ߰ĳ֣¥ĽŲƬ̣ҶüԸ˸ӽ

С㣬Сүֳˣ

˵꣬һƨѰߵϣָһƬ꣬˵ЩҲǹգÿܶùһ⣬ĪСҪѷô

ſڵηǳǲ̬ȣȴڵҶԵ棬ֻŭԣֻúǺǸЦš

ҶֻЦжûͣҲû̧ͷȥſڵӡǹ߳Ѱƫͷʵ?ȥҲеİɡ

ҡҡͷȥ˴˵׼Щ㣬첻пô

Ŷ

ѰʯЩ꣬ҶԲŲæʲô˵գС㣬ȥô

һֱе˿ͿãҶԲŷеӣȥԱߵϾ̵֣һֱſڵӡ

Ϊ£

֪붯ˣæǰ˵ǰЩմүԻʶöϻúõģһֱԺϷҲ֪ү˵˾ʲôСͻȻ䣬˳ֽǴĻ˵ϣǻ嵱ʱͱˤ÷顣үһֱһŵĶ˵ʲôҲŲ֡СƺҲò壬ڻ˺أǣУϢҲԣ߶Сˡ

Ǳ߸һ˵꣬ҶԻûü˵һ߲ǺǣÿضæǸţΪӺ˳Ǻ۸ôһαˣһ¶뻹Ǹʲô˿Ǯô

ѾЩҲס췴ȴСѾͷ˳

üĿ죬ĿǳѩɰʱЦĿԼֻ崺磬ȻСͷ߳΢ȹ裬ÿÿ̧㣬еӭǡ

ճСĴ࣬ÿμţСֻ̾飬ҶҵС㣬һöòɵ˶



лҪ˵ӿ˽ȣʮȥˣװҡ

˵ 衱 壬ûԼҲ˵Ҷ֪ʲô˼~

36

һƼֱ㶵ĶҶƣȫɺ㽡Щķ˷ۣ˵ġ

ҶЩɬֱۣŶ˾ͷϵĶҲ͹˲Ӷ˵˻ֵ

ȹȥ㵽

˵겻ٹܻڵµӣ첽ǰҪȥץ𰡭еĺӡ۷ŹĳԼһ׼Ľжһƣɵıܿǰħצ

½һɾüѥôҿҪȥո·ָȾ˻֬Ҷ˵ٴˣܲڸĻĸ㣬ŶûУ

Ҷ֪ӣƹӼϵĺӽϲ߶Ҷ䶼Ĵָļˡ

ԼˣپֺǺЦֽʳвصѸͷţһк⼸Ѿͷ

Ҫǽз֪ˣʱҰﲻ˵ϽȡɾҪȥô

ǷĺùԹĻѰͷգҶЦСǮ⵨Ҳ߯ˡ

ҶԿ߻һᣬһҡ̾ϢС㵹Ŷ˼ǷֱӷǮĴѾߣǵӶġ

˵곤̾һһͷһ㹤ߵѾͷС𰣬ܼǲΡ

𰲢ϦԹȡһ˫ѥӲĳֵҶߣЬűһͣȻ󵭶³֡

Ь

ҶĸСѾͷһһɨپͷʹ쳣Ҳ֪ʱǸʲô۹⣬ѡôĸʡĵǻ𰣬μʱȻѾͷɿɰҪ֪ôϽµ

ǴţϦȥѰҡѰǸвסģʱϾ˺

Ҫ˵СĴҲǰ˾Ųʮ㿴òû˵һһˡѧʼʶЩҲ̫ɸôһӵ鶼ˣҲܻġ黭ǾͨԲ˿̵Ȥ࣬ǾṫĿлʵɡ

һ˵Żһ˺ֱϿбһۣһѽƿˮ˵

ǣãΨʵڲôͻݣƫϺˣЩûɫĸ߶Ҳ鷳ġ

Ѱλðı飬գ˼۾ͬҾͦõģС㲻Եô

һվŴͿ˻֬˿߹ȥҪǽЩӸ֪СģֻҪʧ

УʧΣСФõġСģүֲǲҿء

ЩƼ˿ɹתƿСүش򾩶֪ܴãСչͣԸ׼Ķɶȫˣ

ͷСѾͷü룬Ȼɵһͷȫ˰ɡ



ҶԸϵǰ滨԰ʱҶҢڵϿֲֹҶε߸챳һأ

һȺΧڱϣӲûȰöӵġ˵үڵʪҪȥǻħƫԸ⣬ȭ֮໹޺ڸͣ

ҢĹùʲôأ

ҶҢҶԹ죬·Լ¶һ㡣

ȰҲûˣ˸ҵľҪõĲС

ҶԽӻһߵҶεŭĺ˱ˣûĵһҪΪ˵Щ쵰ҵǸߣ

ҶҢķŭý͵һԵֱҶεȥѾǼΣæ˹ȥҪ

һʱ䣬ɹӰˣָҶ̲סƨڣҪ˵Ҳ治СˡСĶʮһĶʮˣֻǹùֶӡӴõʱҲ֣һָɱ֮Ƶġ

˾ţ֮Ű˷ֿҶȾԼĴֶȰǾɷĩˣô⣿

ҲҲܣȥʶң֮ҾҪ⡣

ҶҢҶҵĳһֱ߳硣ʮˣ˼ҵĺӶĶ飬ĶˡƫôϵӣҶԲЩǡ

ϲԾľɫҲ

ʮĴˣ˺Ҫ̳ˣ֪ôҪùý֮¸㸸ף˳ǰЩ͵׳ĸõĿҲһô

С쵰ڼµľҶҶϡȻо֪ץԼٰѱùáǰѾֵЩˣʱҶ涯ίĴͷСֹ

֪˵ңǳǴˡ

ҶɫһüѵȻ֪ǳôӽ̵𾴳ѧȥˣ

ҶҢù˳˵һȴֲٶ죬ֻôͷۣܲ

̧ͷһǱߴվŵҶεǰСίȴʲô˵ӣ̾һ

ҶҢͷѾӺˣҪѧŮӣһǫǫӣиĹﰮĽ㡣˵ĹùǳҪ֪ˣƤ

кЩɶҶԼᣬùϡ⣬һֻȥѡˡͲҪټƽˣĹùõǸ

ҶҢܲԸִһͻҶεǸҶεҲŤŤĽˣûٶҶҢ֮ҶԲ߹ȥʵǻСӾ˵ʲô

Դʮǰ¶֮ҶûһãԴ˱ֳü˹ػ˼Ҷε֮ҶױսԼҶͷԼլԺﻹ֪Ҫٰۡ

ʱǸ겻ӡЩγ֪Ҳ亦еġô꣬һֱΪ׽ϵԼǺõģҲǿģСС㰤ýЩΪҲˡ

ҶεѾ꣬ϮûʤҶһɫκγ˳Ժ˯棬¶ġ飬ѧٻ仨ָܰͷ

ΪˣҶҶûΪٵģκج򵥵Ļڡ

շҢ˵Щʵߣ˵ĶࡣǷ˺ôܺãʹ޶ľګԼϷģ֪ٵġر԰ﻹŸ

ֻǣֱ׵ı˵Ʋסľգߣò

ûöðǷ˲öð

ƫͷҶ¶һЦãԻĴౡȥ˯ɺã



37

ҶһϵĻһֱڵҹûҶε̽ҶҢ˵ʲô˻ĹƽպԺЩؼʱʵء

ǵֵסܹٻո˯˹ȥԺ֮ʣ̾ѡ

ȻôЩСƨȻһ㲻ˡָ㣬ƺҲʮü˰ɣʱȻǸҪҪǮĶ

ڶһҶԾ˴ҶεǸͷͲᶯӣԹ˱űӺ˯ҶҲûԼԹ㴩׼ӭӿȥˡ

Ҷ븣һˣ֮ϵ֮ۡȻҶԴ󲿷ǳϧ۰ֻǸȴʼմһ㡣

һ·ɳˣҲе÷˼һֱ˸꣬Ѿ֪ʲô̼ȻܵҶǰĵ˵Ҫڷ飬ҪȡһصӺҪúڼ

ӲҶԴ˺ðŻ޽զǰδһ˻һʱôʹһС̫˷ܽСء

ΪСӵһʱϷԣҲûر⡣˭֪ؼøүӸʼʮʽοһƥպԡһ·նȻڵĳɼλס

Сүѡ̽ͬʿѡԺ̶ϢǵʱҶʵھȷǳ

ƽհʷ飬Ȼ֪ƾпжѡû뵽СʱǸһſˮһȹڽԵСƨȻȡعˡ

ϲ֮໹нһֱͬܵһ㣬һӳ֮Ժ

µºͣµĲζʱҶԵСԺٻ޷ҷǽڷ̵ֱͦҶ¶չװƢġ

ȼҶϣȥԼ׽ҶҴһŴűıҶҢһ·

Ҷںĵͤﱸлĸɡʱ仹Ϧȥ¥ȡ٣֮ʱһȨԡ

ӱ޴ϻҲû֪ͨˡظĸۡ;ͻ룬Ҹͷһ˾Ҷȥˡ

ſڵȻʶģԶԶƼϽүšſڵĹһ߰һ߻˽ȥͨгָס˵ǲؾүˣֻȥСԺƾͻء

Ҷҵ˶֪СʱЩλүҲʱͻȻҲųֱֻСǡ

ǹӦȥ·ԲŽȥֱҶȥһ·ˣԶԶĹеĸϽطУ벻֪СѾͷֱүˣүˡ

ֻԼеλүģÿߣī˿ɣɫüޣ˫ĿƽУǳЩĳأӢ˲

չչ߽С԰پͻȻɨصʱƫһѣһ߻ɨ㣬һб顣ɹ̫ȫʱ洦ɼеӴЩĻ߹ȥ밲֮î˾͵

⼸зǿ˲٣ŮѲǺ£ҶЩҲίʵ˵ɡС˧粻ԾͺǽһϤ

뵱꣬Ҳʮ꣬Ӣ˧ʱǴУѧУʣҲǴѵĻͷʡ

˭ֱǸƨ渽Ͽθ¿θϲʳóԷ˷ѧؼһĩȥθӾѾҲ겻ɢĸȥĻȡ

ʯСȥԶԶ㿴һǴеܣЩһ´ٺá

ԣٿ⼸ı仯ļƻԼЧ˰ʵʱʱڸҸʲôģǶЩƨ˵ĶȥԼôģˣ˭ȥڣߣ

ҪҸͬģܵ˼ˣܳ𣿿ҪʮģϵĲҲǸϾ⡣仰˵Ķһһ׳ع֡

ʵڸǣ˭˭Ǿ䣬ⶼע˵ģ

Сүһ·̣ӵΧЩݺݺమĽ۹ⲨϱĹ뷿ȥ

һͷǵҶͬѧСĵû쳣ע⵽ǰδǰץ·ϡ

ԺȻȤ£Ϊ߶ĶЩɵ˵ϹŰءҶЦſϣĿƵĸ˵

ڸ࣬ݰףЦݺͬ硣ձʵָ˳ҶԵĹ٣Ծ鶯Ȫˮ˲Ծġ

ҶֹЦͷȴֻĶԼ½ǲ˵֪ǿɫؿΪ֮һ

ͬȥһͷ΢ЦǺԺĽʿˣСʱһɲС

̧۽ƵϣñܿԼ֣ˣҲûСʱһҵͷˡ

СӡҶûջֹ֣Сʱãվ첻һֻԹӼֱɰˡ

ڼѣЦˣĵ£ǳɫɢ͵Ĺߣǽɫġ

ҶԿһһ㶵ģðŻعħצһļЦСӣԽԽ˧ˡڻʶԤǵС㣿˵Խıı

£ϷɿһĨʧݼšܿ죬ǰŮ΢Ц˵ҿɳһ߸¡

漴Ƭּ̣˵ôӣͲȥЩС㣬Ҳûܿϵġ㡭

С㣡

ڻ˵һ룬䲻ϡͤ˶̧ͷȥֻѾͷһŭݵվڶ档

Ҷй죬գʵ£

ҶһһֹӡҶֻǸӵû̫¶뿪Ц

û¶ȥѸСүСģͳôС

תͷ븣˵ЦȥˣúֱšƫͷԺ⿴˿һҧͷ¥ȥ

ʵ¥ʱ򷢳˺ܴ졣˵ǵͷ˶̧ͷȥ

ңӶ¥ȥҶԻ븣Сү̸ЦʵڲĽһŭϳ壬ƿһ졣

ȻҲԺͷˣֱҶԴѵС㣬Źү˵վʹˣȥԺء

ҶϢʱؿһ٣漴ٶһȵļӿһЩϻؼƺѾǰ˰ɣȥǱոն鷱Ҫڡ

׼ú׼ʱȴһϸֹλֻʮյļ٣ٹҾ͸ûؾˡ

˴СǸûҪģʲôҪʱ򣬾ͻһߣһСֹ

ΪҪģһжҶ˵رáȥʮԲˬ

һҲ⣬ҶԵߵĻָ˻ȥ¥һڴԼĺСڻأһʱ߲ˣȥɡ

һֱ׽СͶС°ϵĸүûʲôøСոʱײүվԺűߣȴҲ

˳߿ȥСħצүͷ졣˶Цûϲѹûע⵽һĻүƼˡ

ѣκιү˵ܸССôˣʱ϶һء

СҲǵģδ֮һֱ֪ˡ

ͷ֪Ҷֻ븣ڴţֻ֪Ƣİո˦ͷȥ



38

ڴ˴μڲûձؾȥˡǰֲᣬκйְˣʹǧֵĲԸҲֻһͷˡ

⼸Ƣر𱩣ûٸҶɫơһ򲻰໰Ϧ̲סüƢĶС㡣

ߺĵڶ죬Ѱ鷿ɨܣҶڴͷ֡ܽһȸԾ˷֮ɫ

С㣬үҲˣǲǸöˣ

ҶӦ̧ͷĿһۣȥ

ſڵѾͷɫһ㶣Ƭ̲Ż촽صһ£ϸü漴˲ʱ̧ߣ߷ǳҶԵ

ֻǵǸүԼǰ˵Ļȫһɶ𣿡

ͻȻ³˺ܴһѰһرϷţһţһǺص漴ͷϡ

ҶһɶͷԵӣһ¶˿δүϣﲻֵлҲ˲ݣҶһлԼģȴһƽ˻йүߡ

Ѱ۵죬ŶͷվȴԽĿûûСˡͷ˿˿ʹһʱҲһ

еļëһӣ㹻ˣС븣үͬãҪ˵

Ǹӵˣһͨף˵Ц˵Ц⼸һֱԹҶﲻƽýѰôһ𣬲Ը

˵Ĳʵֻ븣үˣүûЩͷм˲֪ү֪ͲĹүǹ˱һ⡣

үѵûһأСϰľдˡ㣬⼸ģ˭֪ƢҲڳ˭ɫСլʺ񣬱ǻκһӣ͵ŰӰɡ

ҶĸѾͷӰϦҶģѰҶԼһСѾͷ׵ġ

Ѱλ˵Ц˼ϸġСĹͲЦ֮֮ƣˣܵҶϲҶҲ

һɤӣò毺ȣʵϵȡңҵ䣬ȴ˼ְǸ춹ģʱһ̱ӣҪû˱ȵù˶Ҫ˽ԭɵģֻάҶԵʱ򣬷ǵûɻƫסڰǷǡ

СǶԵģѾСǴģ㵹ù

Ƣһ۾ܿͨ͸ˣС˼ֻƢʵڲôãֱֱȥˣԵܲ

ѾͷԸ죬ǶҶƽﲻԼǣʱԼƢ

Ҷһ߿Ŀɿڴȫ岻ѾͷǺСѰСȫɽһϴڣأġ

˳ֵԽԽ󣬲һΧϦһϢĳҶȻһݵҶԵС㣬ΣӲ񷿣

Ҷɴ⣬תͷͬͷ絷⡣һ˫۾Ծ˺ڿеǳ

ţСϦСġ

Ϧ΢ǣҪǰߴߴСȸһһֵʱȴüͷһվſڡ

ҷֱִµĶһۣǳǰƤˣǸʲôأȫұ졣

ܼһ쭣ѰСͺС㶼ֻһͷŤ򶫣һ°͵ָ컨壬˭ҲûҪӡ

ɨһͷΧŵѾͷӣɫѹø̧͡ſżͷţƫͷѵ˵̫ˣȥͷƸô

˵ԹĿҶһۣҶȻ֪˼ֻʵڶ⼸Сݲֻװģİ

ǰ̫ˣһֱСǿʵǲӦá緹ˣ˼ȥ

ε̾һ˻վŤţüͷøûСĻôݷ˼ȥٶһҲûóԡ

ﶼףóԷĶгͷֻ˿࣬˵СûءǼСסһģڶҲö˹ϸ

ҲǷһˣһŤͷ粽߳ȥѰδͷҶԸ˴Ҳȥ˱˳̨ȥˣͷΧŵ˲żɢȥ

Ҷбһߵ̾һѾͷӲûһʡĵġ

С㣬ˣҪԴġεҡҡͷ߽

ϦҲںͷͷţӦôΣӲ񷿡

ҶбһۣȻʧЦ»ؾУҪǴ¡תͷһֹɫֿһЦ

ֻ֪ǲǱЩԼţʧ档ֲɵӣִ绹еģİɡ

ô˵ˣ˭˵ʲô

ʱһҶ˸ղź˵Ǿ仰ֱɢαԲСɵ°Ϳֱϣ𰣬˵֪ǰүϵ¶

΢˼һ£˵ͷЩӦˣû̫¶

ҶЦѾͷǺСʱһǰӵϹһȤҲûСڵһݳýһǸڵʵⲻһս׻ս߲ͳһ֮ʵɡ

Ϧʰȥĸ֪һ˵ǳԹ緹ȥıׯСסѾͷС첱Ӵ֣ʵ͸СġΪͷڼ￴ңȥ˰ա

͵Цͷɱһ緹úڵǽ˰ɡ



Ҷ˵ǳˣ͵ͷͬˣͬʱлչˣҪעҪ̰ˣˮȾ˷纮

һһסͷӦ¡ٳŵʱҶֽסȥȡһǮݸ˵ȥұˣѾͷ˳·ȥѾͷɡסҲ޷Уǻ˵ġ

˵˻֣𰽫Ǯսſͷ˳ȥ

磬ҶԴŻϦȥ˳ıׯѰΡڼա



ıׯʮλõ«έϡˮķȦɵͥԺ¥Ĳ㣬õǽʶеĽ

ű㿴һʯҶÿμ˵ûƨ/۶޶ޱȡƫƫڴſڣ˾֮ģ·˽֪

˵ޱȣһ䣬Ҳôһˣ׬׬Ǯġ

۵ۺܵۡ

ٽȥһһ룬ׯΨһһ½·죬Ŵĥ⻬ԲʯǷۺ׷ɵһȻһҲֻҶó

ׯλӳ̸Ӷˣһʹ˽ϵͷᣬһ߹ҶԵүںϡ

ҶԵͷЦûǽȥסԼĹȣԺӺͷȻȥ

ʱѾӽǺʱɵ˰ԻкصʪҶźˮȥںϵ̨ȥ

ԶԶһˣˮ峺ˮһݵӰشͬһڻ衣

ʱӾ



39

б£ͽཻĵƽӳյø𣬾һλƺ˵Ĺϼպա峺͸ˮϦӳ֮·Բ⣬һȦһȦͬϵĽƬ

ҶԸߵ̨ߣֻһӰɿˮιգ۹ȥ׿⡣Ҳֻ˳ȹڰľ̨֪϶ڶȻǲĺá

ϸĽ۱߰ڵϣ˳ֱȡϥϣȻ󲻽ĵȻ죬ͬˣʱǺ͹ȥÿһʱһ

͸ˮͷˣմ˼ɫȹӣͬɫСаɫĵᴹǰϴȥĺ觴

ʱרעĵϵӣͷ΢ȥ¶Сذ׾ϸľӡһ˿ޱ߻£˿ʪͷɨֱϣһֻƤľ顣ͻȻǰȥڷץƽָ䡣

޶˱÷쳣Ϊʲôʱƣǵûоƣᷳڼĵ׵̰

ǵԽԽʱȴһνԵ˵Цȫһ¶֪ܲˬ˵Զֻⲻǻ˸廻˸طٹȥʮ꣬ŮƱ䡣

ֳָ븣Сƨ̸桿ЦӣЦá顿ôģ컯֮ҪƵϹںεء

⼸һֱڱׯԭΪһ滺滺飬֪ÿһ£Ϣһ٣Ѫʵڲ硣

ǳСүԲ뺷ˡһҹշת֮󣬳Сүèڽȵ¶ˡ

үഺɶɹʣͣǿľ巢ȻغĹ֮ʱҲֻ޲ߡ

ţǵģү༤壬ӢûаëǮϵ

Ҫ֪Ǹӣǲ

òϣԽԽȥˣһɹһ졣

ǣСүˬĳԼԴ׵ʵȻ󻹷ǳֱ׳ˣСƣҪˡ

ҶڽеӵùķСƽŵԵľϣһСľͻԼͶɹһ㡣

ǽеһ˿Ҷϲ֮ʱʲôĶԼ·ͻȻ˺ôһ

̿תͷĺˮ˸档̵ģһֱԵ˾Ȼˮ̧һϵˮҶԵȥѰס

Ȼƽ޲ȦҲ

תͷͷȥңŤͷȥ͸еһ漴ӷʪ͸˱ϣֱ͵Ϯˡ

ϽŤͷȥɳ«έеһȦˮɳ涼ûһֻҶһŲˮϣƬˮ

ˣеҳ

ˮƽϻʧڶޱߵɫ«έȻģû˻شǼأҶԵķζ챻ըˣЬӣ˦ˮһߡ

Ҷһǽ壬ڰ϶űףСүȴãŨܵ«έͷĺС

Ȼ۸ϱȽʵ壬ƣһɨաһĨǣˮУȻϢĳǿҪը˵СϱǱȥ

һͷҶ۶סˮ²ϿӰӣɫȹǡ쵰ڸˡ

쵰ͬǰһúܿ졣ǰϵҲǴѾ׼˼źķɽӰš

˵ʱʱ죬ǰһӰӷۼŴ˾ɽӰԶЩĴ׳ľ׮գ۾͵˶ָǰ˫֣ʤһ˲䣬һ¹˭֡

һؼʱַ̣ɿקȹӣһֱֻסԵӣȫǹٵҽϣȻԥˮµӰȥ



ȷʵʵֻǡҪջȥһ˲䣬˵֡һֻѾεסĽס

һˮһаˮͷҶһᣬĵáϽˮ/ЦԼġ

ѽҲˣϽ֡

κŮ˵ãһߣȻʹһлĺɫǡˡһ

ճܣһȫûѳְͷûʣ¡

Ҷˮڣ˺üںˮǺ߻صʱϲһ˫ֱۣȻֻһɴű˳ȥ

æͿ£ǻͷȥˮ³Ҳ˲öǰһھ͸ҧȥ

ոѹû׼ˮһͣ䲻ͷһڣ漴Ƥһʹһҧұüġ

ƤഥܵС̴еϳʹͽֱһգԭѾˮĹַɿͷȥ

ҶԸոо鸡нϽ֫ȥΨһһצƵĹ˳ϡ

ס֮ϸüëϸߣǰߴе񾭲Ҫﰡ

СүֻüüĵʹѹͲ˦ҶԼЦøˡκ֫òˣҪҧˡ

ԤʶƣϽҪͷ㿪˭֪ҶжԲߣ˫ˮһͲ˳׳ϣͬʱ˫۱סͷԼõı

ǵĳСүֻü˼磬СԾ׼ȷԲ°ϡ



ҶԺ˼ˮԭ˵ûˡݺ˦һ۵ŲϾҪСүòܱһ˶뻳ûüԣܽʳȥ

һ̣ʪ͸˶ֻص˻߿̨ˮ׮һԼѹȥ

ܣ

Ҷ䲻һͷ͸ײһĻƤϣҶԾöеȡ

ŤŤ˼С֮಻档ҵθϵ۰ʮիˣͻȻһò꣬һʱҪôɡ

Сүֻ¶ͷȥģϾôˣҲһʱ

˭֪ҶԾŤŤȥСүһҲٿһ˫ˮ˵ĴƳӣҡ

бɨһܣţպûˣǡǾš

һ뵽һүǶڹȥʮֻܿ˼Ϲһ£䱯硣Ļǣ룿ðȫûкòá塣

һʱǶ״ν⣬СĸζȻЩССΣѪϸǾͻȻһ˲

§Ʋս޶Լϱ޵촽׼ȷĿȥ

Ҷڴ˲䣬ؿڲԾһʼ٣Ҳ촽ձ˱˱ǳζഺСָͷʼᶶԵСͷȥһ¡

Сүһɢȥһ롣סϱ°ͣս׼ȫս

ڵоӪΧɨһȦΧѹεһɶһսƷһǲǰȥõоš

֪о˽⣬һٴʵǼȼֿݡϲڱͻ޹ģҪʱȫˡ

һؼʱֻ̣⴫һźоźסȽפɿĹ˳š

ŭָڱӺ˻Һ£

ڱģֻ֮ٶ𣬴˴νУǡ

ү



лҪ˵۹ϷҿɿˣгҲǱƵġ

ޣʵǹġ

졭ðɣҳϡ˿θСˡ

ʲôضѽղ˭ˣ

40

˵ҶԷɿ۾Ȼֽһƣսδĵ߳ս׺Ȼĸ֪ߵغӸˡ

̧ͷСſڿ̨ϣһĶŶ˿ҶԶʱϽͷƫһ߼װʧ䡣

ǸɫḶְ́˼崿ϾഺŮòáСүǿסǵĳ鴤ɭɭͷĳС£

ĳСδүץȴǿŲץӣСͷĵӰˡ

Сүɫһ䣬ϽбȥԼϵˡϱʾü״ƺӵɻ󣬹һСԼֹ󣿺ö졣

ֱ嶢һ仰˵Լһ

̧ͷС촽ƺҪҶԡϽһ۵˦ȥ˾£ר̸Ҹʲôүĺ£۹ʣ

Сˣүȥ𣿲ûֱ˵үˡ

ǡǡס𣿡

һ˼ҶϣʱֻСͬѧߣüղδɵսۡǣֱһӣģôС»ҪʾⲻԵ𣿡Ŀأסë

СԼүͷϵҪˣŵһֶ˵ɥϽر

硢磬ү̫ˣ



ˣȥκεоȴѾʧս⣬ڶΣǽһԹɡ

Ҷ˳͹׮˰ȻܲĳǼ֮ǰԼ۵ɫӣͷŹ˸ʵ֮͸ˡ

Сүһ˵ˮһ㬵ϰҲ˿ܻ䣬ʪܵ㣬ϰ㱼ֱϴˮȥ

֪Сһûᵽү⣬ĵӰǵӰб£߾ɫãľڶ¥

仹ᣬΪСӲǱ֮ͬ޳٣ЩƫݣȴԵʱոˮǵʪڶͷϣԵɿ˵ڷɢڱϣƤںϼ֮·΢Ĺ⣬ȷԸ

ӰڴͷϲѪڣû뵽˾λӢͦòӣȲȻСˡ˺ˡ

ӢӰʧķ򣬵Ӱﰵ¶ģȻóԺסдǾүԼĻᡣ



˵ҶԻصհѳӽһ۴С

㡭ôˣʧˮôɻã

ҶϺδֲѾͷɿڸ󣬡ȴˮϴ˵

֣Ҳ֪ҶҪϽȥ׼ˡϦҺ˻ϴ߽ʱͼǼҵСڴϣ췢֪ʲô

ǸٵģֻһһԡҪö׼׵Ҷһ˼ӡֻҲ֪ʲôʱѾٸɢˣҲ˷һߵľ

ϦɻĿһۣ˰춼ûһƳĬĻֻͷȥһȥˡ

ȥԶͼŻС߹˵ЦǿϢûĳڻԱߣС˵

ȥʱүٷ˶ںģӦٷˮձүء

ͷǵģСʱ϶ʪ͸ˡ

һСֵֵǣүɫȻ˺ۡһ°ϣһȴüͷ

ԶԳ˰̲Ȥͷ룬·ͻȻһ㣬վסС˵Сˮ׼Ƚ

˵ķܣǰСȻȥϦ˵һ䣬ˮźСԡȥ

˵ͷҲصˣϦб߹ŻıӰü⡣СŤͷͿһԲվԼԱߣһ

ѽʲôʱģ

ϦüøҶðˣΪë˶ûأ

СֻΪҶ˵һү˵ԡͤǱ߳˻ȥˣʵæµ

£ȥ²ɵúɽԭһүµģ綼æµ߲˴ξֻŻˡ



ĹУǳ

ҶԲ֪ʲôһĲɵӡ̧ͷüۣÿһŲͬͣһĴʵŪҲ֪˵ʲôźá

ׯĵһڷͿнˡ

˵ʲôȴҶѾվȻԼӷȥˡСүӶûǳʲô⡣

ë֮ʱСĿ֨ʵүӰô죿

ϱӣϴĲʹ졣ʱᵽ˭û壬ֻ۰һ˦ԹǱݵôô죡

Сͬѧһү˼ֻ΢ЩˡƨƨߵܵӰͬһ·һСѾͷү˵ˣϹذ졣

ӰһϹأð졣۷۵ĳС˸飬ЦԵӰһ׼

֪ΪëԼЦҽˣүºϢʱϲ˸ţͷȥһϦˣȥˡ

˵СүԹȥ鷿飬˳˽бҪĻҪմ˿ӱ͹ȥ

żƽϣżȴ֪ȥĸǰʱɣҪʹʲôŮ֪ӴԺġԣûʱһˣ治ԸɵԭǽΪԭˣܸúЩʱ˰ɣ˭֪ôһ

Ů˵˼˹治ò¡

ǿˣǻ˯ɡ

ǣǵĳСүֻ˸ط̫աƽڴϣ˫ĿɵôĶ컨塣

ڸأ˯𣿴μǸ𣿻߻͵СӲ˯ǺǼѾͷϵرһߡ

үڴϷȥߡշתʱүסˣһ㷭Ȼ

̵ģΪëСү͸û˳ǵʱһءûϢĻǣΪ¶ҹأȴһˣۡ

Сүת˼ȦܲУȥƣϱһ˷ܣʧ

һˣǵĳСү洩·ȥҶԵķб棬ֻҪ¥мĳȹȥ¥͵

ҶԵһƬͬҲһƬڡѾͷڸڣСү·˿˵˨Ȼݡ룬˨ָϿ

ϵҶ˯óȰСүĽֺ֮ǲƽһȻӣ»˽ȥ



41

˯еҶһõ廨ͻȻоһ˳ŷڵĻһ·ȥҲ֪֮ʱӭ˽һȽʵ

ŸϱĴûüƣһأһѾ˻

СүԭأΪѾˡͣ¶˰죬ȴֻ˸ûٶһֱȷڳ˯Ŷ˶ѹϱСֱۣ֪Ÿһ˾ͺܲͷŤŤ塣

һͷ˿˳ĺڷɨգһǵƤģ˳ƻ볨½ʱֻ˼ۣղѾԼ˳ְͷ¼ϣʱֻſ˿¡

ܰ˱ǵĳͷԼﻮɨȥСү֮ʣ͸ںƬһʱԳ굴һʱԼǣҹ˴齣ʵڸúܽһ¡

뷨ǸԼ׳ɫʱһᡣڰгСүħצ׼סҶСɼϸ°͡΢ʹžۼ̧ͷӡ

ֲָӾϵĲ㷴ʹ˵Ĵ񾭱øΪСָֻ°ħһĵԹƤ͸ָɴšʱǱ˺סһ㣬һ𡪡ļ¡

һëͷСӣ˱ڻҪȥһ׷ȴһԼ

ԼûϢָ˲䣬ϸ»ȹ⻬ƤϴݻܣĺͷֹҲͻȻȴֲڡ

Ҫѹȥȴһ˯ŵҶͻȻ֣ĶϸۻԿ˯лȻɿĲĲӡ

˧ΪˣƤ͵һ·Ǹɿ¶ץ˸һ㡣֪ҶͻȻֱսȻ˳Լһ͡

ǳºͰݡҶ˯ʱҲֻ˼˿ȹӣСǶʲôûС365С˵swww.365book.net

ؿһССɽӡ˳ϡͷ˲䣬һֻ̰˯ϲè

ȻʱɶعʣֻһѪؿֱšŮ˻֪ŤŤ˧ĸоǰСͷϵĵԼĥ䣬쳣

֮£־ôͼʹͽҶѹ˿һֱ˶°͵һ̧ź촽ҧȥ

˵Ҷõ廨д׼ǹʵˡн§еĿҧĴĥһ󣬷Ųͷȥء

ĻŨİƽ񿴲ӣֻƾȥܡֽʶȫһĴ̼ǳɱġԼǰδе˷ܣͬһζһȲס

յشѣڰ쳹ſҵϢָɿ°ͣ˳ȥ䱦һ㽫ڽ

Ȼһǣһ֣߳ԣĬĬ

оɶָɿһ⡣Ҷ仹Уȴʹƿ׼ȷ˽ȥ

ҶֻüһƵһૣͷ㱻еľϡ

µϤǳķӦļңԶģȴӡһֻҪǵբţһжͬˮһλصԺ

ΪʮĹ㹻뵽һȥΪһֱţԼеµ

һֱ˴ʱ˿̣žȥЩʱؿʱĿտãȻȫǹҪĴֻڷȥѧЩеû汾Ŀռ䣬ڷӴ˽ĴڡռһУİõȤ

Ѳһ죬ΪԼ˰Ե˽̬ĸŭֻԼĸܶ飬̫˽ԶԼ뿪ֻվԱ߿ɳʱ룬ҲòôԼʱˣǿҵռͻ°ɡ

ʮȥһķҵϡ̬ȫļƻǰҲմմϲԭѸ͵ռֻΪ̫Լ

ɴʱͬˮһкֹİĳЦνĳɹộȴʵһ

ΪԼ˽˽ѡ·ߵ˾ͷŻȻҪĶû취󷽿

Ǯҵ

ϣı

˶˵һֻΧתʵڿϧм˿ϸתͬʱҲһֱͦվࡣ

ˣٵȴû塣θҪֻڵģһ£ѡƵհڶλˣ֪ȥҶƫײ˸ǳСӡԼǻȳľһ䡮һʱ߲ˣȥ˦뿪Ű¶ˡ

Լ׷ӵ˼ֻҵ˱ҧıԭҶյֲ֪ʲôʱѾתأҶ˿ɢȵһ·ȥͣǴʮɽϡ

ᱡСǶҶҲʼһЩӦոմཻĶͻȻ뿪Ȼ򦡣촽һĵ̾Ϣ

ԼŵԽԽ̣ߵ¶Ƚڻֻ糺õ廨Ȼ˴Ƭ棬ʱ𺣣ạ̊́ǻսʹɧҪź

ͷСȴֻǸ߰°ͣԴݼ³\ʢʱں񱻺﷭˼⣬˸߸ߵ񶥡

§ŰΰѵϱСүʼΪˡԣڹ۶ˡ԰ɣҲвסδͬ⵹ΣǸ١ؼҪ˯ѵʱ򡭡ֻϱѹĲ

ʱˣСүץϱһֻ̽̽ԼƸ߰Сֵܣ̾ʱֻѡ

ټʱֲָ״֮£ҪǴ󺰷զ죿ڿɻסѾͷأϦѾͷȭŹɲ

ֻʣֱ˵ˣ˲ˣ

һѵ˽սСүڰ˳Сֵܵϡһҧһᡣ˰ɣţúú

¶С͸˶Ұһ·ǽһ٣Ｑһ֪NûԹġ

꽫Լùģϱһˣ˳ֻԼһǡ׼˷ڣɽ

Ҷȴʱü˹



42

ĹҶ˯ʵû۾͸оѹŸ̵塣ǹ⻬ļһѣǶԷһصĴϢ

Ҷһ͵˫ۡһƬڣһӹɵġ

ŸС

ҪȣֻǽϤжסѿڶľȥ̽ԵĺѹϵˣϹ

ΪǸո˯ҶŴɳơȻǸΥĳνͬһ˷ܼԳĶעȥ͸ĤÿϸСүǺ˲䣬һֱڰ̧ͷ״ֱ

ֻڰӰѸһаϱĺ촽ҧȥλãӲһҧҶԵıͷϡ

ҶԱͻȻϮ˴ʱϳʹľҪκϰѹڱֻõȿϥʾ顣



˭֪ڰͻȻһƺߣոջԿ񷢵˶ʱԭءҶҲɴͣϥʱԸоһӲҪܿʱѾˡ棬Ȼ󣬿ǽ׼ȥ

Ӧúʹɡ

ûӦҶ￪ʼЩˣ޴һֱ۽ǵ㡭û¶ɣҲǹġȥƣǿϲء

ʱһϥǿӣѾʹûӲá뵽Լ˯ˣԼͷûкɷش

ԼʱİѾˣһ㻹˵ãǰǸʲôȫһָ׼ԺҪôЦء

һүǶ¶ϽŮЦһӣĶȥô˵үҲͷݵλǮƤĴˡ

һ룬סһĳʹֽѾߵ˸˻ͬʱչ۹һߵı˽ȥ

ҶԱ֮ûٸ֨ԹԵڱͷڲԡںڰнӦҲܿЩˡ

ͷͷӲǰû˵һ仰ֻǽקֱ۵˵̵úࡣ

һʱﰲ쳣϶춯˴˵ҶգգۣؿڿʼܿƵļӿٶȡ

ˡˡˡˡˡ

֪ԼΪʲôǿҵķӦͷڽѣҲȻеĴɫʵﳪġ

⡣

ϷޣѾ쵽죬ϱӾͱòͬƲͬ֮£ʱӦöǷ˵ôΪԼȴֵСŮ

ԽԽѸٵҶԽöȣ¡Ĵ޹һ㽥ˣҶԿʼЩʱ¶ͻȻ̫֪

ûֶ೤ʱ䣬ʼסˣŤŤѹ壬̽Եĳôˣ˵ԼæֺõҪҰࣿ

һûһͷ´ȥ

ŮĵݰɣǶǸʲôλȻ⡣ռǲǣֱɷҲ

ĳСүûɵϱ飬ʹڴ󴲽һӣҵǰԼһԳȥ˯ۡϣŲҶɽͷȥ

Ҷںڰһ죬ַȥһŵӲû˦Ҷ֪ȣҲóȻǣͿʼһѰ˼˳˼롣

զԼأ˯ŵʱͼ죬̫̫̫޳ˡ˵˽궼ʮ˰ɡţȷ巢Ǹɶ͡ƾľ飬ǾͰ಻סˣ̵ģҲɿδޣûõʮС

ѵǡͯ񱣿

ҶԲû죬ȻԹŴ˸սƫͷģĺһۣӡ

գգۣҶſʼЩԾü˵ӰӣԼֹŶڲŷӦո˯ʱʲôۿǿۣûͬġ

ҶһĶֹ泯ͷҲϸߡʱ侲һ룬Լ¶ȷʵòʣһŻǻáҪҲõȵ˳ѽʱⲻԼԲô

ôһСүʱʱáŷƽɣҶԵ

һ£ѻ˰ɡ

ҶԼ˼䲻ͻȻð˰ŷӦ



ҵרһΪ¶Ҳʱˡ̾ϢҲ֪ôˣЩҾӲûһСġΪ¶̻ר̴򾩶ǣ۸Ȣһҽţתⶼȥˣһޡ

ۼżϡȱһ硣̿ɼˣۼͰ˼תϡ߼ĴҪȢҶԹţøձӡȻҲԸģ˵ı׼ҶҲ浽ʼ޵䡣

ڿƼԷϢʱˣȻ֪ҽѧǶȶԣʮġ岢Ů¶ȣΨӰĽɳκʱȣ׳˱Ȼ

ҶȻҲͷĵȻ֪ϣԻǽԵ˵᲻̫˵㣿

һֳ׵û⣬ֻǺӿ϶ҪƳټġ㲻õģһ

ҶţӦˡҶʮ꣬Ҷ϶֪ŮΪǰᡣԼϸȴܵ˲СӰ졣ЩѧϰҲѧ˽۹⿴óԶǶ׼

ʱڿǵȷʵǳδ뵽ġżűǲ֪̫̫Ҷǰ˼Ҫ飬֦ɢҶ

ˣǳԼĵﶼΪ쾭Ȼ顣֪ʮŮǲģҪΪԼĺӸðôķ١ʱزۻǲʹеΡ

һܴɹʶ޹ȥһط˳סصĹȥˣֲװݡ֪޷ҼҳȡʲôȴʩҲ⽨ļҳƶǶôսʤһɽ

ǰ·裬޷ԼòѾԼߵ죬δҪʾãԸĺŮһԼɷ

ܡ

ûʲôİ˶ûа취οôǸˡ

ֻԼһδһĶľ֣һӵû취İˡ

ôѡ



43

ƲֻҲ˵ֻԼǰûǹһܷԼϵ¶ʱҲû취ҶƵĹǡ

˰ɱǸҪӵĳƨƢǰֳôһ࣬ʱϴĲʹ졣ʱ˼һ£ţǼ⡣һҶԼ

ոɫäСˣ

ҶںڰаһۣôиЩ

˼յģƫҽС

أԽԽǸСƢʱҶҪ˳˵ģҲû˵ˡƫƫԼϱǳСάøʲôƵģɲѩϼ˪

صһͷ̽ȥһסҶԵ°ͣԼǰһݺ˵ʵ˵ΪʲôСôãǲǽ

ҶɴЦֺܻϲôԴױŤģЦ̫

أ

Ȼû뵽׻Լֻ˳֮ԼǾԲͱ˸ģȻŮҲСʱôһʻ˵

ָϸ°ָͣϸļﾹЩ

Сүգ̵ģʵ̫׳嶯ˡ

ҶԼû˵һԳЦݼ΢̵Ϣ£˽ԼߵĳϡڰУСүɴ۾ģӣ·Ҷ׸ۣĻñһ㡣

ô˵ˣҶЦ

ɾƽһ仰ȴó类һ㣬ɿĳɿ°ͣȻľĴ󴲽

ҶԲֻȵڵķ䴽벻ͻȻΪʲô顣

ڽòָܻпıһ仰ţֲ̫ˡ

ΪһŮˣԼϹܺˮһԶ룬˵ֲ̫ҶԾԼеˡð˻ֲʱѹһһʵ˵ʲô

ǵĳСүʱŻƵģһŵģҶ˵ഺڵֲ̫ˣ嶯У׷

= =Ҷһͷˮ㲻ʲô

ǰʮʱȫӣʱŮ˶࿴һ۵ġڰе˵Ѱ𰸡

ҶüòеˣգۺɵĿǸģӰӣΪձ죿

ͬĺһпܣǾͰճı׼ȶ԰ɡʮ꣬ʮǻ˵һ룬ȴǱʲôǺסһ˵ȥˡ

ҶԻʮķ¼أɳߴٵʮǻġ

ѹǵĳ鴤ǸңԶļʲôʡ

ʱæµ־Ϳԣѧϰ˶ԼСβٹ¡ǴGѧܾھڵУӺһѧУһֱ׷Ҹʤѷ֣һֱһӣһƯִƽ֣ձýع

϶ԱھưףΪսȻϯҲ֪˭Щ꼶ŮͬѧҶԱСһȺˣȵø˾Ϳʼ޽ɿЦ

ҶĬ׷ԶģｻӰ̸Цգƹң䡣˽˼ҹﲻףвŮòǶõһԣͽ˻ᣬ˼֤˰ա

ǵʱڵӰĿ룬ԼȴֿƲסԼĿײ˫շ죬ֻЦֻʱȷţǰŮֵԼȥȥģʲôҲû˵

һ̬Ҳùǿ

˺ȾϷȻĻðգֵʱʵڲشѡ˴ðաƫʱ˶˳⣬ҪʮԳš˶Լֱ練ƣŮ׷塣Ҫٳһ˳ӴðյѶȡ

Ϸܼ򵥣ֻҪеڳ棬ʮԳžͺáŮ飬еĻҪſűԳŵˡ˵һ¹ǴðղҪҪҪͬѧİѳԼȡƣЩʲôҪǻȫҪץȥɡ

Ҳ֪⻹ǼɺϣеľȻҶĬһһ£׷ִڣǽһĻ졣

ҶƴǲȥֻúɺáʱĳСүЩȴҲû룬Ҳû뵽Լᵱʧ̬

һһŮһһ£еĻҪ¸Ӵ֮֮ȡҶĬϵĺԽԽȻСүĺҲԽԽء̵ĺɨĳޣˮޱߵ㷢ֻźԶĺ촽ħһ㣬롣

һֱΪԳһ˲ֱԼٶԽԽ졣üҪͷȥʺεĺ촽Ǹʲôζ

ָоһеۼͶ벢СԣԸ

ʮԳֻʮԽ͵Ķӣ޷ʮ֮ԼǸʲôӣô˵棬ΪԼôʧض̡

ܵı䣬ؼһͷ֮ճı㲻ö֪ˡֻǺҲΪԼͻҶĬǰ˴ۣЩҲᡣ

ϴˮڸָֻԭ״ȴ²ͬѧδȻβƵС˷Ӧʵڡţֻǡƺ෴о

ͷϻδˮվԡſڣħˣ= =

ò׻صң㿴һϰʱȴѧαһ־ͬѧȻĸ쵰СӸɵĺ¶ⲻǻϽһôţһӷ־

ʵ֤ǵĳСүСλĵ

ովѪ¼ͿH³ֻһǾ־Ůŵһ滻Сͬѧҹշתߡ¶ҪС֪ˡţϵ۱㣬ͭ룬š

ˣλСүʮǰǾǸըҪ֪Լĳ̬ڳջƣ˭Բ˶ˡ

ƣйݡСүţԼǲǸϽ´֨֨ҽڵʲôΪ˰ȫҾһǻȥ˯

˵Ѿ⣬ҶֻײʶȻͷ˵ǾϽ˯űſŹţ˾ˡ

ﶢ뿪ķգ׹Լֹܵ졣= =



֮ҶڴϷһͱͷܹȥˡڳСү֮˯Ǹ⻹ǸǣͳֻԼ֪ܡ

Դ¶֮󣬳ȴҽڱܿҶգǰ飬˻šȻҲԭԭϾԼȴţδȴֲδ޵źδǰĶǲʳʵ̫ˡ

óСүòԭǡ

١١үδײӰ!



44

СʧĴΪ̫ұſһӣʱſ˵ذͷĳ񡣼ûʲôӦæż

ү̺͵ӰԶԶ

һͷˮ̧ͷбһִͷдϵţӰʲô

С󾪣ɵĿ򰸼ͷӢүССǳ輧ѽүգ˫۴ͷȥﰵֹүʲôʱôȻԼ˶ǵˡ

ĳСүȻ֪ԼͿ̴룬Ҳ֪ЩĹ¼ü̧ͷſڵϵĳСǵ̽ĿŵúһӶ¡硢磬ү

ԤУɵĺ¶

СͬѧĬĬĴͶ磬үͻȻΣյźšѯʵ½һ㣬˲ıǣűߣԲעͻᵱΪԼĴЧԻҩʵڿ¡̧ͷ͵үѾеëʣʱĸ߿αԼۣүʵ̫

СǸʶʱģϽ˳ƹˮĥʯذϣҳһڡɲô˼ڤ룬ΪʲôԼɵĺ¶ˡүԼðģǺþƺò˵дſء

үؼ֮͹˱ׯһֱ̫ȶǰǽͷ˶ԶԶţΨӳԲ˶ߡƫ֪ĸûԣͻȻҪȥѳĵӰΪүһׯķƣ輧ѰһµҲǸʱĺ·ӣҲû룬֪ǰŸߺ̾ˡ

ɺˣδޣұİ輧ȻҲİģӦ̶ҲԶ˰գСǶ۵϶ԼϹĽۡ

ĸϻм䣬үÿ

۶ųС㿴ʮӣĵģѵһһ߳ȥǸʲô۹⣬ȻôֻͿ棬ҪطЩȻͻϼȥ

Ҳʲô򷢻ȥôôͺˣŭָĵҲһվ֮ºأСүץˡǰĺͿͷһͨɿǲԼԴӣҲκѵСӡ

ǵĳСίͲ⣬ǵү˵дģһԸˣأ硢磬ү̫ˡ

Ҳûѵֻÿ첽߳ߵʱ򻹺ݺݵĵ˵ͷվɣˢһͰ

Сһ漴¶ı飬һƨ˵ذϣţ̫пˡ

һͷҲصˣֻһҵĳС



˵ͷǵӰҲˣÿնױݾ»Ҳ˼ټκγȥյİҴƳһۣӲûƼ˵ӰӡҲԺóԺ˯סš˶Ѿˣżôһʱʲô

ͬʱ⼸յ˽⣬ȷؽԼ˴󱦱ôôô˴ӦеıׯȻסԭׯֿʵķʣ˱ĲýĶߡɼ˱ǲȨּܵһˡ

ǣת͹ȥˣȴһûСӰϻӣҲЩżˡҲŶ԰ɣľԣԼһͼ輧ʸȥҪô

Ȼǹأ˭Ҳ赲ЩǰµżȻɡͶ˾ȥͷ԰ͺһ綼ʢװŨ֬ĳɢˡ

ҶԹ⼸ձŷĶ˺üضûɹҶҲûģԼúȥˣͲܶһӲɡ

ҶԴС⼸ѾͷһбȴҲֿϵΪܡׯûгԼׯ˲࣬Ҳûд󻧺ԺЩˡ

һǸûûˡƽʵأʼջǸʮĹСѵׯһˣҲ̫ԼˣҶźСźʱûֹ

ӰŮС·ƬźˮԶԶƼСѾͷˮźϷ̸Ц˹ȥ

Ѿͷһһ˵ֻ־׼һһźӣԱǸһ۴ĽѡһһɫȹţʱҲ˶Ц˵Ǹһذ׵ѣںڵ㷢ܽ٣˿ɢ˵Ķڰһ֧赸

ʱ쳤ֱ۽еֵһ˵ЦĹǰӽȥüأϷ˵ʲôӰվûЩ룬ֻЩ϶˵֮ûݡ

ǰͷȥһЩˣúǿġӰ鲻ԽֽƵǰµĹϣƤˮ飬ΪˡȰ¶һЦϸ׵ȲӣϾļۻشһҲ⣬С

Ӱ֪Ҷݣֻׯˣ󵨵߹ȥҪǴׯ˵ϢŮССֹЩѾͷûأĹųಲˮ棬֪ܣ

Ϧϰ֮ˣҶϻѴļǮ;ΪľҪҶһȫӰС˽ǰ̧ͷߵС·ȥ

ʱҶ뻨Ҳע⵽˹һŮˡ

ҶԲɻׯﳤסľֻгĺϱɩŮˣֻͳż˵ҪŮİŮס֪İ

ߵŮԽԽͣеĶɻǡӰ䱻ţЩէ˰ɫ˶ֻǴԼȿʵλǲׯѾߣ

ҶԶ˵װʹжԲˡٿһǰһһһԼǰŮӵļƣӦͶɡ˵Ůʱ¾£ȴǶã黨ģκκߡɼӦҲǸҵС㡣

ˣ˵⣺һϤׯΣӦýڴСū֮䣬˵ʱ׽ȴ̧ԼݣӶǿһѶϢǲͬġ

ƶӦׯͣݵλԺա뵽Ҷйʶһ۽ǲױ˲СЩСÿ̽˼ԤıƵʱ򣬶ʶѰλ˵۽ë۽Ǳԭ˫˲ӣֱҶҵλˡ

ֹ˻ҪѿڶĻشҶȵ˵ͷӿϵĺŮӴѽ



45

Ӱõ϶Ĵ̬֮˲Щ΢ı仯ֻСĲ·欵վ°΢̧ЩӸµĿҶʡ

ʲô֣

̬ȣ𰲻üͷκҶԲԣֻüǰԲ֪Ķ͡

Ҷԣ·ѹûӰת̬һ㣬˿ղ˵ЦĻؿȥֻ̽һСѾͷʲôĲҪǹ㿴ĺܣѵүǰλ

ʵǰŮӵĵϸֻиģ뷨˵ʲôֻƲƲ⣬ǽһȷĺá֪̽Ůݣж֮Ĺϵʹˡ

ӰֻһСѾͷʤԼòӦԼĽǰ̣ҲǸֵĺûпܸԼǮ·в̧̬Ȳͷʣø

ʱԴǼ˼ƺ֪ԼĴڵġֻ·Ըвմմϲ̧һޱ߳Ц

ŮСʱӰɫ£֪ǸԼʱˡ̧°ͣͦţڳ˵ģҶҼҹǳǵӰǸרôӹ͵ġ

ҶԼǿףһֱĴ𰸶ʱһγ֮ʱҶéٿ˫һģȻ

Ŷˡ

гɫһڷ֮ů֮ءŴ˵غ޽ȡ֮ɫ֮ߡ˸彻̣ľȥȻҪһǣ˵ṩȵͬʱ¡

Ľë£īɫһݲŭӿţȭͷȻҶԴͷͿ˼£̧ͷ֮ʱѾŭ

񣬾ȻұС㣡

֪һѶϢ֮Ļ𰡢ϦҲˣү͵͵һҶԵɫаСӴι



ʱҶѾźˣʱԱߵͤšԶԶȥͤȥϦ֮⻹һһŮӡ

ٿҶԺѹɫСү￩һԼˡг飬ϼĲҲô˵ͷǸүĴֿʼˡһʱǻѶ߽ȥ֮󾹲֪Ҫôˡ

ʵҲû⼸룬촽һ

ӣˡ

ֻǰӰһһŨζ˹ǰɲסС״˳ֱϡüͷȥӭһĵ

͹۵˵Ůмɫֻƽӹ²㡣Щױݺ̬۶ɣϡȻǳ̴үı׼ǲпġűȻһһƷ

ͻȻֻóСϴͰˣ޲õתȥǲݰԴ򿪻һ߻ȥɺͿ¶ǴýϱӴˮƽ͵ɣʴһס

ôеı͵ɣ

Ҷһ߿ŵӰǧĵĹڳϣһֱĵ׵ĻһͷϳСǣ¶ССҶȻͷбĻ˻ϵСӣݺݵ

·ˣӵӵְˣӿˣڵڵ

ӰԼ˼ĺĽڳ֣˾֡ڳ˵̬ԼΪЦݣߵʲϳ̬Щ죬ɽūҺ˵ǲˮһ㣬ʱضڻһ̲ࡣ

һ񺮣ðһļƤ¶Ҫǻϱ׼ǳӣ״ӲϡǰŨױĨӹŮˡжȥգ۵ĵӰ۴˦ϵˣҶԵķ粽ȥ

˵

סκβ˵꣬ҶѾ仰ͷģ඼ǽƱ硣ʵǰٶԡ

Ӧңֻͣ½ϵĲӡ̫ҵӰĿˣʱȻðɵӣ

ҪԴףͷ븣ڹĸܵô

ȻЩͬĿѾﵽѽ׹֮ĳСүﲻʼϲԴ˳ԴˣӵĴڣ㻹ǳƨüȥֶš

ҶȻ֪룬ʢŭ֮£˳ˡ

С㣬С㣬ŭС㡣

֪ӰݵʱʰؼȥʼʲǿҪǲǺڣĲʣҲĿ

ӰͻȻԼλӢĽ˦ֻþĪʱվһߣգſ۾ųҶǿѹеŭбɨ˵ӰһۣŶϳƤЦⲻЦ˵

òʱ򰡣үĺ¡Ҫ˵꣬ȵͷء˻ؼɼǵĳ̴ү˲õүǳˣʢԼطġЩ˵˵ʲôأүҪ͵͵ȣǶ᷸ĴҲֻӲҪ⡣˵Բԣ

һΪԼСƽʱôõĳᣬŹҶصĵ˵ͷӭϴѽ˵ȻҶ졣ֻǿҶС㣬⻹ûأ

סǵķ鴤ԣԶŮˣԶΣա

ϵı飬ҶԼ̾˵š

ɲǣľҶСˡ̯ˣӴ˵Сڼܵó谮ҶүҶ¶ǧ˳ءϦ˵˵¶ȥ֮ҵĻ»᲻ʹ˻Ƶأ

ϦǸֱӣȻСݵѾ߹ܵͦģҲֻϰԵıųĬСʻȻԼ˵ƣǾǻˡ

쵭ĵ˵ͷơ

ûס沿ݺݵĳ鴤һ¡ûвݣ¶ȷʵԼɳġ͸ǰ˵һ;ΡοͲͣŤӣүˡ

УԱߵĵӰȴˡ֪ߵغѾͷȻԼĽĺ£Ǯ·

һȴ¶һ׺͵Цǰ߸ϵ̬˲Ϣת䡣ˮһ˦ŤҶߣƵĹȰ˵

ҾǲԵġȲ˵һū͸ǶôĲأᵽĻδŵλС㡣Ȼûţʲôδ飿˵ˣи檣ͷƵؿɶǳ¶ʼɣҲֻſķݶûҵҪЮˣҲԼӸ££޽ء

˵껹һķбһۡⶼ˵ߣŮ˵¶ȨƵҡŮ˶ʼɿɲʲôҲ˷С

ǰķɧŮˣҶֻؿڵŭȻԴһֱԷ⽨Ů˱źͬϧԣƽǨŭһΪ¥Ůӡ

ɵӰһڻϽͣѾҶŭЦӰųһõЦݡ

ˣҶСĲŮˣһ¥ġ



46

ˣҶСĲŮˣһ¥ġ

Ӱһ㶣ôЦôõͬʱ˵ĻӦһģȴע֮£ͬסһ㡣ԴǼ䵭͸Լƶ˷ֺƽóķ˵ˣֻһСѾ

仰֮ؿ͵һ١齥ҲǰǰϷˣü֮䷴͸Щɺŭ

ĲŮˣŮˣ

ڱϵָƽ͵ĿҲʼ𽥱

ŮСһֱڵӰ󣬼ᱻ˵¥ŮӵĵӰֻվԭһһ֪ܵ裬ȻҲ֪Թ֮ʱѾԲɿ˽־ҪҶԵŻӹȥ

ҵĹڳﶼûô۸أС˵Ҳ߯Щ

ۼһƾҪȵҶ԰װ׾ϣ˻ֻӰһҶԸǰͻȻͶһֻ˷ɿĵȣͼ˵Сһߡ

ֻһҽУСʱķˤ˻ȥ

һ߿ĲҽͬʱȶӵҲ֮˿ʱֻСһʹ˵ϡһŶӣһұգ֡

ϦһŲĶϣקס°ͣͷȻ³ܣ

Сôû뵽ڸмΪ㣬ö˵һֵѾͷôݵ֡סӺϵľʹæҡͷģǡҡͷ䣬ᾡһ֬߰㡣

ų޴ķϡϦ۾գһ£ֱɿ֣һݵֻصҶߡ·ոȫûйϵһֱǸı

ҶʱӿһůϦˣֱǳξӼɢıشƷ֮һѽ

ȥ

ҶԻûüȰͽһϦŭͻȻĿ꣬ٲȻָŸոԵʹССǿŴˣһŭŵúһ¡

Ӱδϵ̬ȻչæӹӣСǹģ

ӦתͷͻȻһ㣬ԵӰҲˣ㣬

ӡӰ˵ˣһԺصš޵촽˶ջǱŭסԼٲʶȤ½͸ñˡǣ֣ȥС

ҶһԿţЦ

үʲôˣǮľܲ¶֮֮ȥ𣿡˵꽫Ƶ֪ʲôʱӺĳСϣ517үλͻȥб˸ӣǵүеǮŮ

СԹƳԼүһۣԾӺ֨֨˰죬СҶ԰̡ŹҰɣ¶ĺûϵѽء

߳ͤȥĶСҶ̣˵¡ӰŤͷһ۱ֱվͤеİŮӣʹ޻ںޡͷԼʧ˲ߣ֪ݣ͸ûսˡ

ҶԻţ¡ùôսԡ

ͷ޺ȻһСɿȥ



ӰѾԶɳŭû˿Ļ͡ҶԼվʶ˱ҪԭƺǸղŵǳ־硣

Ҳ벻ף顢Ǹôͷˣ

ݺݵƢԽԽһۣҪ뿪ȴھߵʱͻȻקס

Ҷü̧ͷʲô

ϸ󣬳ıƤ棬һŭŰȼŮ仰һֱתš

ǳЦɫ·дţҪȥŮˣȥɡҲ⣬ںԴףҲĲѹ

ں־һĳ٣һȦһȦĲģģģѪܵġ޲޹ǵ󣬺֪ʲôʹ

뿪޵¿ţׯԼҵܲһ뵽븣Сһ̸ЦȻرζ

ǱˣɱȥĴӡһơ

ʹȥ輧·ϻһҪģʢ¡ءͬʱҶŮȥׯϢȥҪҶСҶԵĶԴע⣬ׯ

֪ȴ˳һšСүڳǵĳ£ȫĵҥԻƫ̫ųǺͿΪѾӰ鴦áԭۺϣľ档

׻ǳСǵĻúһΣүͷ֮ޡ

Ǿ䲻ںʵġʲôŮˣ̶ȴһߺں֡ޣأī̶۾εסҶԣһһʵ㵱治⣬ұŮˣ

Ҷ˵Ļ֮һƬ̵ĿհסֻϽǿʹʵʹǻŭٶ

ǣҲ⣬⡣˭˭˭˭ҵ£˵ͿʼʹҪ뿪

ʵϣո˵ͺˡһʱﵱ棿һôˣЩʲô֪

ֻǣŭɱ˵۾ûһĻ⣬ǿҵռ˫ۡҲڳǲǻˣͻȻҶʹ뻳УѸһɿץס°ֱͣһ̧Լͷǽҧһķ۴ҧȥ

Ҷﾭסһ˲ոоһƬĴ꣬;촽һʹæʹʪѸ͵ͷ˳ƻ˿С

촽ΪҧƤѪѪζ˵ı䡣Űŵĳһ󷭻ɿƹҺɨߣʽС

ܴĶһֱ׷ᣬʱ飬ݺݵҧһڣҲҧŵͷǴ⡣ǿҵԸɢҶͷ£˫ĿֵĴţ־¡·ܸܵĿֻһ㣬Ҳʼ޹һĵ

˺ŮˣűҾ޴ĲҶںľ֮ͣһڣûֵһôиķһжӶᣬ಻Ӧ

оЭ֮ҲֱϵԽԽԽԽᡣһֱ°ϵֲ֪ʲôʱѾɿϢĸ΢΢ı

⻺ɨ򦣬һһĲࡣĶ䣬ŨŨĿߺίʱǿƵĽפʱǻҪЭиӻҵ˳ҶԸоˡ

ڲܿƵţȴʼ˼ǲΪСڶһֱôԵˣʮΪѾ֪˶١ԼأԼһͬȥһΪ

ںԺͷĸ澺ѧϰЩеûķܣΪ˸õסΪѧϰЩ֮ľѾԽԽԶΪ˨ԶⲻǱĩ

ľˣǸ˵䱦һԼлӣʹҪֺȫȫӵ

ģֻ÷ͬһԴͷ⵽Ҷ𻨡յź̵֮ǳ鲻ԽĽЩһĹֱͱ㡣



47

ͤͷѾ˾磬ͷļһѡҲȫ͵ٻûСƻѾͷʱŤͷһվӺͷΪԼСƽ

үʵ̫˵˸¥Ůӻ˵ڹ컯֮ǿʲôС㡣Ҫǽз֪ˣ֪ҪôСءСҲǵģ˷绯飬ҲŴˣ˲˵һݳٵģⲻ֮ǹүãջСôίߣ

ԸһϼƣͶԳĵˣԽĶû˺øСԸѹͿקϦſӺͷ͵Ϧһޱ飬ȴҲŰſϡ

ԶԶͤѷֵĶһۣ߷ȻһϦյ˵ʲôÿģǻǸϽȥʰɡ˵С߾˳ȥСģٲȥʱ䶼ϲˡ

ϦȻûʲôǳ˻ĻŤͷʣҪȥӶô

ԳǽáϦæҪȥû˵ͷǵģСУһ˹ȥơ

˵ϦҶݵķˣվԭؿý뿪գ峺Ĵ۾֮󣬱ƨΧү̵ļ顣ڷ֪Ϣͷ룬ûʲôϵ

񶹸Թ˷ķſˣҶԣľѹһ㾢ʹ˵ȻѾеͶԼҪŷƢ̫Щ鶼ɵĺ£ҲģſڳǰһҲԸ⶯ˡ

С̼ûҪ쭵ף֪ڹͨĺʱԵĵϣһѱŵԼϣȻԼʼ͵

ղʲôӰȷóġ

Ҷɻ̧ۿջûгŨܳĽëɪ˼£Ļ

ҾûҪ˼ȻʵҲΪأҪΪ㡣˵Ż׾Ͽһ͡

ΪңҶ嶹ƫƫͷֻеôߵ֣üʵ

Сүգ۾¶ŨŨˬ˼㡣ƫ޲־벻˵ǵȥͷʱ򣬸ڴҸ΢Цʹ˫ۡһͷϲĲǴԼߡ

ԣϣԺܺ͸ڱ־롣

ٶһվԱߣʱ򣬻̿ȻתֻΪָķһвɲŲĽ𣿿ѡѽ

Ȼû취ȵ̣Ǿװ׵ĸ

ĸѾķΧˣҲԴס

ǰ˵һԴ׵ˣҶԲԾҲˡȻԼĸôֻ뵽ǻôϤô˽⣬ȻġôҲܹ⣬ź˳ŸڣȫֻΪĵϧǷݲò˶ݵĹ¶

ָ飬ࡢշתİԶ

ˣ۶ôĸ飬ڳʱĺԺ֮£Ҳòֻ޴롢᧿Σô׽ҲãҡûûʧûаȫС

ҲŻô׾İ취ɵķʽͱ㡣輧ȫֻΪ㡣浽ʱ᲻ѹˡ

ֱӵıףһ䶼ʮĴ˵ǶԼʮġޡʵڲһô׵¶

˵˵ž˼ֱҶԵ۾Ʈ˼±㴹۽䵽˱𴦣˵ҲСࡣ

Ҳԡұ֤ԺҲȡķʽˡٷ١

Ҷԣһûסһ͸Ц˳˫۹ס˵Ĳӣؿϡнůͬ޻һ㣬ȫŨ顣

Բ----ԺҲˣҲһߣ˼ĸܡ

ûнŵ˵ڣɶȴղĶѡ˳Ĭ§˻ˣǵôҲҲԽ

Ҷս˫ۣڳľ˲䣬촽ƵĶϣ£ĥһͳ

ϹҰ㡣



ʱ黰ʹеС¸ŨУƽ޲Ϸм䵴ųЩʱ˵顣

װģҪĶ˵˵С黰Ҳ벻ĺ

Ҷ벻ĺǡ 

ѽСҪȥĶ

˽Ҫȥ̽˵ĴС㡣ҺϦල͵ܵг̣

ô˵Ҷûüװġġ๫˼۵ʱ򣬿һӶ᲻÷ֿĶӴ

Ѿͳ˵ˣү϶Ҳ֪ġߣС̫ûϢˣסһͳ׳Լꡣұ㣡

ǣҲûҪôɣͼֱ˵Сţ

ȣСߣѾ˺þˡûҪô˭˵ģüֱʮ𼱣òټˡʵ֪ׯСţջǣԶүС= =



ҶԱһ·קűׯţĻͷͥԺɭɭڸڿѣͼץסʲôûԼ[365С˵www.365book.net]

Ȼһжͽ͡

ոڣͷСţʦʦ쿪

ţ㶯ˡҶԴҪƿ˴ȣȴ˴ӺһѾ˻һҶ˵С㣬ǳˡ

Ҷ棬㲻ǶʦôСҲǰ׳գڲ֪ѾˡԹĿ˻һɵĴ˸ļ飬ϱӱ

ѽСı鿴ÿֲ

಼ööĽ´ŵĺнŤΡׯŵĴŵƬ֮󣬲ڻ̳ﳤȥȥķͷ˵ղųȥĺ̺ѾߣôϾǸ˵ıأ

˼ڤ˺ܾãһֱĳ䶨ɻĻصԵ䣬Լ뷨ڴŮĴ˵ˡ

ͣеĶ΢̧ͷб˴һۣҿ㲻ãϺͿˣ



48

عú֮Ҷ˵Ҫȥԡ£˳׼һ緹һԡСү̵ˣ֮ͻ鷿ԼδɵĹ

ⳡͻȻЮ¼֮ʱСү鷿ͬ˼Ѫһ㣬üЧʷűīΪģܶʱϱͣٶһ¡

ز֪㲻㡣ʲôνвеϦϱ֪ĸȥˣү

ȵĻϲӺСҶǰƿڵķſ粽ȥƹµŮҡǰľöе죬ߵĺҲʱ˻ȥ

һƬ꣬΢԰볨Ĵ洵ɨױܽϳ貽˿ӣһַ飬֮һŮӹܰߡ˰ܽغƽƻĽϣϸĻȸ̨ϣͷŨī֭δ͸ɢһī

һжôáֻǣһ˶ûС

æŤͷȥƽհڷ¼ܣͷһɻüߵߴǸߴĺľ񣬷־ʱİˡ

ﲻԤнǿСүԲĵļתȥý߿ҶԸ᷿šȴ֣ѾҲ֪٣ʱĶȫߡͷû򶷵ĺۼӦԼߵġ

ǰ紵ֱܽغǲǳʲô£Ȼߵ˴æкʱ䶼ûС˴æѵʲô飿侲Ժһͼ뿪Ҳû߶Զȥ׷Ӧûü

д⣬üŻɿָһЩյӢͦ忡˦ּڷɪɪ죬δƬͣת˳ȥ

ʱСΧΧȹӶ˵ʩչԼѵĳգ䲻ӵүĽ֪ͨؼҡ

ıԼĲ˵һԹүƨ¶࣬һߵߵ߶ȥˡȥſڵŵĴ֮Ҷ˶ˣȻſڣѾӭԶ׼ʵ

ү̺ͻ𰡢Ϧλǰ븮ˡ

˵ͷʣ߶ˣʲôҹ̣

Ǵ崹ͷ룬̧ͷ˳ԼĪһӣϳŮӳԼ֮û

ʱ򣬳ǣ˳ԼûŵĴ˵ֻ䣬űׯɳ۶ȥ

СҲŷʲԸ׷Լү߶үĸûԣżҪؼȥ硢磬֤ԺµʱҲ͵ˣүôأʲôģˡ



һֹ߳תһͷööܡһǰһں׷ûʲô⡣ֻǣɱǸҪ

ҶҪȥĺӶλˮΡǵλıׯмһˮءԳСһϹٵһһߡԵĿĵضͬ治֪׷˵ĵ׷ʲôʱȥ

˵һͷ

Ҷջڻ֮Чֻ֮һѡ˳ӡʱֳһֱϦӳʵʱŸϵӶ֮ԼĪʱǵҶķҡ

Ӷٸ

㲻ʲôŸֻͥλְƷӹ٣ǻû˵Ĺٻ˼ҡҶһӦҲǿǼҵһ㡣ҶҼ˶ûһīˮԹٷģҶүźˣӵһҵŮҶүãǼͦ顣

ҶķڶְרΪү׫飬Щīֲ쳯͢ٵٺ»ӣ֮ϼ̳һЩеҲʵҲֻʵ

ҶҵλС޵ʱ򣬼ױǳʵҶأԼ檶ŮǴϧšֻǸŮð÷⣬¡¡ء⣬ҶĸҶﻹҶҵĵҷҶ϶ΪҶ÷ǳܵױʵ⴦ٶΨ޹ί

ֻǣ޳ȥŮ͸óȥˮһҶ֮ҵˣЩҲ߶ҶҵҲֻҶżļ˽һЩԣúܺã๫ŶҲܺáⲻֻˡ

ҶΣһǰҶޣһǰҶһӵʱʱȫǸʮСѾͷŵ˿ͷģŮ֮ʱҲǫʵ֪ļҵС㣬ǰ

壬ҶˣǼгС㡣΢ЦԱǿŵ˵˵ֵҶ˵Աݡ

Ŵŵһ⻰ԳһڷӦѸȥϵɫš

С۲ʶ̩ɽ֪׼СˡݣСͽȥ֪ͨϷ˺ͷˡ

Ҷòĳ׵лȡ˿ݹȥ˼״ͷˣһ߰ƴһ߼ôʹãʹʹá

ЦЦֱֽͷ죬壬Сһ⣬ͱƴˣȻǽء

Ǵ¶ɫ˿Ҷԣһ֪롣ҶֳЦЦȰŰɣҸôԶҲòײ߶һΡҽﻹطҪأ˾񣬵Ǽˡ

˵ˣŵ¡ϹлҶԵҲ˼֡һ߻ԼĶӺţԼҶȥ

̨ףͷϷˡˣҵСˡֻͷҶԺЦЦʱŵʱϷˡλ˺ʹСӦڷͷС׼Сȥ

ҶѾûҶˣʱУЩֻ˵λ˵ʱüļŵ塣

ͷͷͨܿӭ˳ҶԭΪȼԼ׽㣬˭ӭȴһλԼʮ긾ˡϴŨɫĳӣٱϿԺ󣬲˼֧ͭɫ

ȼе˲٣ҶԻһ۱ϳ˵ݡ鲽ңؾصھԶĵطϥ򸣽𰲡˲żӿϵĲӣѸǰס˵ֱۣﴽЦԳˣϸҪš

ʱҶأλҶʢĵճŮӡʱģòͬУʱһɶòж˷ϲǣסҶԵ֣ʵѾͷôûˣ㿡ˡ

ҶԷסȥϵЦǷ˰˵ʵĸף˵ǿճһŰ׾ʵ޶ʲôء

Լŵһ澶ЦҶȴֻ΢ЦŲҶҵĴǵճŮԼһһвغҶӰҵĵλóľӦ곤ҺǵĻġ

ԷԼһӡ󲻴ҶԲɰϲ׼õ֮һҶԼɻ󣬡֪㡢æʲôأҶôһˣû

ʼԼĶӺϱһ˿Ȼܿ΢Цڸ˹ȥ֣Ȼ״ԣʱ˵ϷҪϢԡһʱˣѾͷ˵˲˽ݻˡ˵֮תͷһźŵ澷Ըȥ˹

Ҷע⵽ֻ˵Ҷûᵽ΢ЩܿȥӦûڼɡ㲻˵ôúܺãŴҲá

ҶȥˣҶԱлҳ˵ЩȤ¶ֻǣҶûеȽû֦չŮˡŮλʮġĹ

ζв𣬵üĺ˵ʮ㣬糾ζԶżҶ⵽˿˷Ľʱ۾Ⱦһɫ

Ů˲ŵſڣб۽ҶԼ𰡢Ϧ´˸顣ͣҶʤյϣ˵ǽãö

ʱѾ߷ҶŮһˡ

ٿʳµŮʱԾüβ

ˣ

ҺݵλĵطһС檣Ȼ˻һˣٿǱǿ׶ҪģԼԵŭǰݵƣǶԼҷĿ˲ΪȻ̬ȡҶԶһϢ

ŮˣҶĳ谮

Ҷ׹ԼԸղŽݾп־λ˰ɡǽݵ˿λˡ˵֮һֱиǡԼС

ǿѹķУҶԻָòĵ΢Цգһ³۽ޣ΢ףԭǶˣҶԲ֪檣ǵ˻˺ˣǴкֻǶԲԴǼἰʱ¶ȻС

бҶһۣ䷢صһߣŤͷſڿȥתƻҲ̫ĥһЩҶ˻˸С

ԻæҶһۣüæˣ˵˵ʲôðģ

Ȼδϵ˻ͻȻԼͱ䶯촽ҪȴŮס

Ůӳҡҡͷų˵Ϸǧ֣ҲĵеãżЩ˵תͷҶЦЦ

ҶԻòЦȴϸķ״ԼΪ˲Ҷܳ裬ദĲɺạ́ӦԼġӼ꣬׳嶯붼ϣǸ¶裬ǲѶԸԱŮӣܳסҲ֪Ǹʲôݡ

ǣҶԻװݣȫͬ켣ô꣬ټҶǰļıǸϡġ¾ѡ˾䣬ֻ˵Ҷĵ

ܿҶ㼱ͷ߽һҶԣ㼤ֱҲ

á

ҶŤͷȥæվӭȥȵķס궼δĽö˶ԵЩҶԼҲǣӣ˽Ļ㡣

Ҷ֮ҶԱʹд˳֮ʱҲԼֵܽø׺ȻѾҪҶԣôǾֵܺͽá

һѪԵ㲻䣬Ҫϧ

ñطĽñһţޡ÷ƽ飬۾ԼĽáҶҶ΢΢СоͷȵСЦ

Ǻ£ôأ

ҶҲ΢Ц˳˳ҶԶǰʵǴӼôĸ׻Σɩɩһ̥ɻʡģߵֶǿɶأ¸ý˰գ

һ߲۽ǵۣҶͷܺã㲻ġֻܽԼͶСһιðװֵģĸ׺Żġ

˼һûûˣæ˸յ廰ҲҪվˣѾͷûԷģǶˡóЩˣԱ֮˵Ҳ١

ˣ˲ʱͣ¶ԻҶ΢˼Ȼתͷˣ๫ɻˣ

Ƕ̧ƯҶһִۣͷȥŪżⳤָףĵشҪǻˣһһⲻŵ𣿡

ҶȻҶĶ̬в죬仹ǵ۸ʵֵĴ㣬һڶҪȴҶԤȿͼǣְƵģʾҪᡣ

תͷ˿ҶЩƵǿѹжͬʱһɱȻ֪ǶŰģΪҶöΡǱһ޻סһ㣬Щ͸



49

Ҷñط꣬˵强߲𳦡һߣǷɻֵҶСӱһ·׷ݸϣȴʼղϱӰֻ̬ȷʵ㹻ļӿԼٶȡ

ʵϣ񻹱ҶһԵĿĵءʮ𼱵ĸϻطɻֵʱҶǻںӶĽεбء

Ҷſڵ˼үĸϹԵЩȡǳûиϸĻᡣһһյ̨״δȫͣһԾ˵ءţżոմϵʱַɿȥ

ſڵ˶һ˵үÿ죬ƺЩү˶Ѿ֪ˡ˵գ̾ҡҡͷүôҲֻǸСɣӢģЩķ¡ֻǣүͷǰ㱦С㣬¶ǲ׽

ոƽǰͻȻִһ󼲳۵ѭȥүСһʹĵͬϵһȫƣ롣ڽյĿĵأ㽥ƣſͣ

شϻοԼĽͨߣԹҪ־͹үɣҲôܵùĺѪ

ͬϬһ㣬ǰڳͷӣԱǿڴڳϡ˱ŵҶŽҶҷ̳ļҶǣȥ

ſλֵ˽ЩүһϹһѰԱߣϸ˵֪ү㼱Żν£

һȻʵҡҡͷҲ֪ѽͻȻ˵Ҫʲôû˵

ü˼Ƭ̧̣׿˵ǿ˽µĽ֪һģү輧ӰѾүͷ֪ˡͷǴ÷зഫźҥ˵СΪ˼̱ʼ֮ķǳܱȡүΪ¶ɷ˲СĻ𡣡

СԣҲԵúǳԾүҵӰ¶ȷʵ٣ҲˣȻүƫ̶ЩġƽȷʵүִýҲûʼ֮ķǳܱȵľ硣˭Ȼ˴ҥԡ

ĬŲ֪ʲôɰ֮Ķ𣬽˵ĽЦ֮󷽹صĴ̽ڹүǰ̣Ҹߺֵܣү¥輧˵ĴǷʵ

Сƽ￴Ժɵ¶ϲģЩȱ۶ֻΪڳ˵츳үҪһ£Ÿ顣ĿԼͷĿı£ƽ¶μǣһܲ˳ɣձɢ̵ġ

ԣʲôɵϵϵ۵ĳšȻĵĻûףҶүô֪ү͵Ӱ£Ҳʶ̬Ŷүķڷչ

ûĺĺͰһ̶Ҳȥʱ򣬴йΡֻҪֱ飬Ҫ̵ʱڸү

켱׷ȥԶԶү³ȾҪʧתǴæСȶʹȫľ׷ֻǳЧԡ

ۿүҪչǽȥˣСǾһͣ½׷Ĳӣʹ˼ȵǰƽһЩ֮һֱʱ˫Ѿϣ°˵ʮȽǵĵ棬ųʧķ򺰵

үүүүһءػء

߿͵һģûһͷԵڵءⶫ治֪Ǹʲô죬ȻҶԺͷ˸үģ

ᣬͷȥȴɱһĴٶȴεݡʵǡ

١١үҶүѾ֪͵Ӱˡˡˡȥɰɡɰɡ

Բۣ

ܴ̼үûܰѳסȭͷһȭԵĸľϡӶǳӵĵһᡣ

ǵĳСү汻ը˷ˣҪҪںȭͷתߡְֶСõ趼ʶͲճ̡

˳һ䣬ܾˣ˹ֳֹõĽڡ

վ̫ԶĳСʱվڳȱߵĿϣѽѽ׼䵱ȡԶԶү˻ϲȻıáͬǰһ׷ĻүʱѾ嵽Ҷүĸǰȥˡʱ˭Ȳˡ

СմմϲŵүԼ߻ȴ̧ͷ˲俴үӿһȺˡԼĻ۽ǣӿȺһɨŴⲻɨãһɨŵɷס

һŭǰģҵү˭ˣгүλ䰫ȴŨ֪ү¥ŮӹлУҶүĿɲҶҵĴүҶôӴιҶҵүҶനȫһҪ˵ɷģС۾ŵĽͣһСӰ֮ϡǣȻһ˸ߵСƨ̵ĴֶҶĴӣҶҵʮĳҶҢ

үţҪүôΡ

ۼŴҪСԥԸߴĻسĳүһүܣ

δ䣬ԼѾӿˡ˼ֻһɿֲɱϮСôһŤͷȥʡˣֱҲ

һһ߲ȥɱҲڽ׷ԼһŴƬĽŲΣ֮ʱͻȻ˸ղųСպݡ˵Լ͵Ӱ鱻δ֪ˣ

үŵһɡϤСӣվס

ȻҶനȻ˺ãҪȥιҰ

ͬʱҶҢͯ

Сүʶ̬ԣıܴʹͬװ֣ɿıȣܿ˳СΣʱ̣СүɲԼҪһͷ֮޵ľġһ죬סСӣƵ汼߶ȥ



50

ƼΪŵſһѿݲͷϸͷĶСһߣס춯Ĵʱʱͷȥٻ̽̽׷

ֱǴ˷źʧ˳־ͷӲɿļ񾭣һƨݶСӹһ٣ֺ˼֮Լظҵ̫ˣڶȥˡչü֮ʱȫһӳⲻ֪ĩղŸոյ

оŨŨɱСĵײԾһһӲŤͷȥɱԴͷ

١١ү

ӺڵϵɢſֲɭŭСүͷϿһȻŷĺɫүѱ׷ɱԼϰɣԼľǣҪûиղǼ֮µıţһ㣬վ

үʵǣ̫֪֪ͼˣӡֻǣ˽ϣ·ӱһǰȻһڡ

ү㲻ܴҵ

ˣҪҵ

ءءҵ

Ļƻʱ򣬷ɻĳĲ϶ʱһҽСǷŭʹּѲľ黳ͷŭ˰Ĳشۡ

ޡ



ӶٸŹ

ҶҶһںԺɢҵԺȻȲҶҵĿ󸻹ֻʱдβʱʻʢϮˡͺ͵ҶһҶ߱㲻ЦҲƽȻ

öһ죬һҶķȥ𰡢ϦҶ޹Ѿͷںͷż˵䣬ĽãҲԵ쳣ġ

һһͤӽͣҶԷҶ߽ͤѾͷͷˣ˵֮ҶԼҶãſʳһֱΪ£㣬Ǻʱɵ檣ôôͬ˵

ҶͷεЦЦƺҶԵķʲ⣬̾һ޴ӷɷҵĸٳҵĸ¡ҪȢ檣ʼɳԴǲǽмĸô

˵̧ͷҶ΢ǵ۾˹ǣֻǸŮҵһ˼ĻӣѾܸм׺ĸˡܡСŮҵխػؼ߶أ

Ҷ߽ƫͳʾͺͣб֮£͵糺ϣһʹů⡣Ծ˷ģů

ӣҶֻؿںݺݾһ£类ʲôҧһƵģʹͷɬѸٵıȥĴ㣬ôˡΪʲôǸȴϧ

֮ʱԼĸ׺ͳ̺ЩƾʲôƾʲôԼֻ̤ͬʱΪһжôȻðŮ˶еΪխġƾʲô

תǼλǲҪͬŮһԼɷ򣬼Ҳû취õλû취ҵĹȴҪһȫĵȥǸܽеˡΪʲô

ʹҴ߹ΣҪƶȣһʱķɶһ㣬ʼնû취ͬΪˣҲ˺ܶءҪ޵ԭϹֻӵһ˵Ϲֻһ˵Ϲ˼ʱֻԼһ˴ҲҪȢ檵ʱô졣

û취ܣǴӴ˾ѣҲҪͬ˷ͬʱʧֱĳʧȥЯĸ顣



˵˻ҶԱҶݡҶ˲յĹž뿪ר̸ŵĿͷ

Ѿߵź£ҶȵˮСɢϵƣ룬üȴʼûչлָˮ˰׵ʮָ£ȭ

𰣬̽һ¶˵ͷ

ͷϸͷͿŷ̧ۣۿһۣ΢Ŵһࡣգգ۾Цͷͷ˿

ס

ļ֣ŮͰڽ˼ֲ߽һͬŮ߸ŵǸѾͷƬӡ

˵ͷûòͬѾͷƬӶָ

˸ˮ֮ҶԶʱ˲١µ·ȥˣϦͷϴˮ˸ɽױ̨ǰϸϸͷֻһЩϤҨˮ

ԻͭпϦľͰ߳ҶͣϵĶϦô

ӱø߸ߵŮŤͷҲһޱ飬

ҶԶ̱˿⣬Ц֮ǰ֪ʲôطʲôһʲô

ŮӦҲȥҶջ߿ͷģóĬ



˵Ҷˣ峿һõĻˡŵʱҶҶϷһڿ˵Żһҹ˻бб߽һ۱㱻ͷĴŮӸס

ĶҶԣЦǺǵ߹ҶԼɷæվӭȥȴǿһֱۣӻӿӭߵҶǰһЦҶãǸ˶ǺǺǡ

ǰ춼ȵˣӸ˷ƵģһԼɨҶֻؿڶֱۣŻϦĻٴڶߡ

ڼԺͬһ𣬺Ⱦ潡

ԼŻУȴɫŲʲ˵ȻôĵԼСӡҶǿѹθֱðˮͷƫһߡ׵ôûôƽ׼ô

ͳСʱѾ쵽緹ʱˡҶһĶĸʱɢһֱüıҲ˿Цվӭ˹ȥ

ֻǣһĬĬڳĳСҶԶʱסðϵϳ˳ǻȻ򣬡Ŷԭѽôˣˣ

ҹʹòס˵쭳

ҶԻҪʣȴһס㲻ù͵ɻ˵ҶԵȥ

ĳп಻ԣԼӵֱʹһɿ硢磬үħ

Ҷ˳ĻȻĵ˵ͷ͵Цͱˡ

أҲħ

ںͷ춯תͷֵһۣƻһ㣬ҧгݷȥſڵ磬һͿԹȥˡҪٶ࿴ǷһһƲסԼȭͷµġ



51

ħүСίı˱Ѿ״졣͸˵Ȼת˳ȥܴħү߽ѣ֮أߣ

һͷҵҲѾӭ˳ȹҶ˱ѾƲ֮󣬾֮ǰһЩǿҶԵɳŲĲζҶԻֱðƤ񡣿ͷҲ˱Щߣóʱ֣ȥҶͬʱҲϷ˺Ҷ˿

йپ̳˵ͷ˵ҵ˼Ҫ¹񡣵ΪóȻãԷҶ׽żҳڶϷ˵𾴱ȥһ˵Ĺ֮˳СµһߵˣͬϷʩ

Ǻþƺò̰ͼɫ֮ôҲݸôЩĲ֮Ӧ귽ٻ֪Щִ硣Ϸ֮ӭȥʩʩ

үãС׼ʵʧ񡣡

ȵվڵ£˫ɢɢıڱϣıƲʧϼ䰵롣ЦЦĻ޷ֻͬһ㡣

˵ǷҶЦЦҶǫͬԱȣ֮ԱҶимʱ˳ߣǵ˲֪ٱΣҶټԿȥˡ

ʱͻȻһϸŮ

๫ô

һŨ֬ζ˱ǶҶԲûͷ֪ߺˡֻһˣλ˵ӳǳء

Ȼ䣬һ¶ŮȻС鲽ȵáȹȥЬߣ͸ֱƮһͬһɸǸҶ쳣ĵŮӡɫĳȹü˫գͷ˳ĸڻչĶȴ϶֬Ķ˻ࡣ

ҶԲԾڳ֣кһͷѾͷƬӣȻöɵĳΪԼģѵԭĴôԣɫֲʳԸôֻɧС졣

ϸ룬ƺʱ򣬲ûнôͷ˵Ŀꣿ

˽ֱﱼѾͷԹɵĳе񡣾ڶԳʱҶע⵽ǵĻñǰЩ˫΢죬۾һӵʱգΡ

ԹԣһֵѾͷǿһɫϡģѾͷеʶ㣡

ðֻǵƳһ۱תͷҶ˵ôҲ˵һһ׷ؼȥˡ׷ɱڲݶʵʩıɱϻĲһؼҡ

ҶҲԵЩԾüβ˵߹ѽô㲻֪



ӵĶħ֮һͻȻˣʵӦѸжĻݣҶԴϾɻע£ǿпסǴı磬ҧгһһ

˵ˣڼĿ֮¡

˽̸ĹУҶԶһֱֱۡ˿һԱ߰˵ãûû¡ٿһԹҪҶ֪ԼֶΡ

˴֮ͥ½һֱۣһɣһñĵı˵ڳǰͬ§§ɺͳ

ԶתͷҶûʲôӦƤûգһ¡Ҳûôֻǽת˶ϣһüͷҶԵúǲϵɫ࣬ͬͶףվҪʽˡ

Ƕ˱ûҶʱڳԼ޿֡ĿҶһۣΪȻˣѵǸӦöעôŮӼҼҵģҪעԼоֹδױ㵱§§ǳ׻֪ñôһ޵ء

㹻ˣһֱûһԵϷˣڶԴзŭٻСĽиϳȥ

˱һϲģκԼɷڡ˵ģΣҪ๫ǰֵùɶ£ʱչ˵๫ĸܡסûлϷQsu.om飬ֻקǣ๫˵ҷԶǲԣҲΪҵӺãôСͻ첻ò

ǰڰ԰գǰСôͲǹԼأҪǽһֵÿȥ˶ڶ˵ĻһֶûȥƫֲݵĶҵ˵ͷܵԶԶԣΪӺá

ҲҶԵ飬Ѹһ䣬ҵĵѾЩŭ⡣˫۾ǲǸҼ˸ڳ

ԭҶǲҶѿһֱ񡣿ˣԼȻ˵˻ֻˡ

û뵽˵ͦ˵ġֻǲ֪Լķѵ˵ˣǳʲôģŻ᳤ôȫƲӵ

˱ôֱһͼˡһվָָҶԱ㿪ʼƿڴСˣ˵ʲôأ

ҶԲҲգñǿһ˳Ļʾ˻ȥ˵Сأ

ӣǿѹ˹ˣʱôʱҪҶԸɼܣȴһѸס

үǰú֣

ֻǣŮѾ۾ﻹܵġŴ˵ͶִֿﻹֱҪҶԵӴˡ

ҶԿˣĶˣǿסЦŤͷЩ̵Ŀһߣٶ࿴һԼ̲סЦŮ˹Ȼûٷô䲻᲻صڳ⸱ģǵӣˣСҶεĳ̶ȶϲϡ

ΪˣԽĺĵϸˡʲôصӵĸɳ谮ʲôĴԸάŵ

һĳйȫȻ˼ǰ档Ǻ˾Ƶģôһ֣һƬ˫ֻԼץֳָּ׻°ͣʹķꡣ붼û룬ƾͳǰŮȥ

ֻžһ죬Ů˵ĳȻֹ֮ʣѾɿһѽ˦˵ϣôôʶ̧٣ֵܺҿȫƽ̫ˣʺͷˣ

˱һƴ˵ϣһֱҶûʲôӦֺݺݵĵ˵ϵŮһۣԼϡ

ڶ˺ɨ˺üۣſõҵС檾ŵ˾磬տǿ۽ˡ

ҶսţϽʹѾ߰ѵϵĶ˷һطϢһ°ɡ˵Ѿʾһ£˼Ͻ뿪

ҶԽһжⱾǸõĻᣬôռؼĸλôάַڵĴʲôҲò֡

ڷб˷뿪˿˶ʱúΡջϷһΡ

ŵʱ䵽ˣƼݷ

Ž̨̨һȥҶҶһϷǰͷپö˶ͬųһ·ں档ǹﲢûһ·ȥʱҲڳǺ棬ͷһ仰Ҳ˵ȥ

Ҷ̧ſżʱǹ˵

үǵô



52

ǰĳĻعͷȥĬӣȻ治ɫû˿仯Ļһ䡣

˭

ǹͷԭһĽźڴѹû뵽ԼǻȻỻ˱һ仰ɫ৵һɷףһģһʱ̰ףǾʡ

ҶߵñȽϿǰΪرǹʱ̹עǣͻȻڨȻһĻķӦԾñĺá

üЦЦŤͷͬҶĵ֪ЩʲôóԵģҵĳյúܺóԡ

˼ɫȻǰѾ첻ӣдһЦŲ廰˵СͰԽ⣬ó׼һЩҪЩ˵Ҷ󣬡̫ˣŮҪЩʱֹϲ

Ҷ˵˵ЦЦĽ˷һֱ۸ϱв죬ķ˿ûзӦ˵ʱЦܲˡ

˷Ӧɼ亹һһΣҲøˡֽ˸һ飬սǰŶӵҶϡֻȥ˵ˣǵԼԺڸǻԽļѡ

ͬʱоĻһλͣɼ˵˼᲻֪ýһ˼ңкӹܰ

Ѿ˺ЩʱˣκʼδѰԸġѾ㽫ĿתƵˡ˺ɫ̰ƣ׵֣ȻֻҪ˳ʩЩСֶΣó貢⡣

⸮ŮˣԲ˵ȫŪڹƼ䡣ҶºϲҲ¡ֻҪڽżһ£ͻᱻԼöѹģ÷

ȻĸʱңɱϾѾȥˡٹû꣬չ黹ҪȨ·ŵġҶ¶ֲǿӣԼЩֵ̫̫ģδȨָտɴ

˵ʵ˼ҵûݵλС檺ͼ޸һಢԼҵȣ̫ѡ񲻹ˡ

ֻ벻ǣͻȻˡԼԵйһ֮ԵӢòͦεԼ֮£һ۱Ÿٻķİķ

ȻǵЩʧǼȻүط꣬ǽoᡣٻٻĻ

ҪߵĵһδޣҶҵĵճŮҶԡֻǣƻĵһδͬԼģǰ򵥡

һ˶Ȼ֮ҶĴŮ౻ѾͷǣҲ˽ˡҶԵʱѾˣû˻ҶԼҲƣ룬ͬҶ˵ûûͻϢȥˣûһԼѾ˵СֶŮ

ģԸĸס𿴻ǸС·˵飬ȴѾһһۡģٲȻǸСˡС˼ңs[]sȴһִ̼ԺĽ£СѾͷҲ˼ִҹķ緶

ˣȹؾصİ𱰱˷ŤŤС˽ҶĻСıܿ׸߸¡Ķӣ˼£¶ֻ۾͵͵ĴҶԺͳ

ҶϲֽҶͳԼϥϣСѾͷ֪˭

ܻ飬תȥԼĸסҶЦһȰŮͷЦŽʱͬ˵̡

һˣۺɫС촽

̡

ҶԻϲŴӦ£һС֪࣬Լм輸˾𣿡

С￴ϲԼỰЦһɬ΢룬ͷд˾ˣ˾ˣ̣̣̻С߾˾ˡ˾˼ﻹҢ硣

Ҷ§ŻСֻؿһƬůͣһʱѿأСǺݺݵһȥ

ŷһ󣬳˳ͻ𰡢ϦûʲôӦ֮⣬˶ԵúǳԾȻΪҶһС㵱˿ŵĶסˡ

ַ쳣ҶҲƺԼ̫һٺٸЦ§ֽЩԲٺ٣СѾͷ̫ˣ̫ˣ

ͷķ˸ۣС㻹ԭС㡣ǰĹɶǶʱģƫƫ죬Ӳǻ㱱ɱһ㡣ȫˣС㻹һ龫ֵӡ

˵˷׷ЦҶʤ۾ȫҪĻϲЦ⡣ɼҶԵĵжôĸˡ

СӵĴ˶ЦԼҲ죬ֳһǳǳĻԲεС

ΪССĲձ֮ǰ˼֡εĿ˿ҶԣڲôˡֻҪˣǺõġ

ΨһһֶŮô¹ɣҶԺԥĴϽǸСɵĺץֶŮС֣һͷһϸͬ˵̴࣬ʹϵġ̰͸㣬Ҫúôһӻƽô

Сգգ۾ֽӹ֮صĵһͷҶ״æȥﻹæҶ˵ţôԣĸרΪģͻСǴ˿ôУ

ҶһСĶͷתͷҶЦѾͷ׵ŮһôͲˣ꿪ʼѾͷˣô¹ɣúϧģ԰Ѿͷ

Сԭͷϵ񻷣ʻæ̧ͷҲԼõ˳ŻͷӦ˵

Ҷֶһһ͵ģԾЩף컹˵ȴҶֹס˵ˣôˣѾȥˡȴҪһֱϣҲܾòáҾѾͷôһֶŮɺأ

ô˵ˣҶҲû취ԹŵҶԵл˱ʱ

ϯ䣬ҶһֱͬˣιԷˣˡҶЦżҶ˵仰ҶԲ䲻ȵĲǳٻǶҶҽһȻһֱޡ˼вʢְжԳҶ飬ȸʢ

ҶԴ׺һ̧ͷʱ¶ĵЦݣٻ㻰е˼ƺͬүʶģ

ٻ޵˳һۣ˵ͷǵġȥ궬գһ֮ͽ꣬ЩײүʱŲȥҵΣѡ

ŵЩͣԳĸмԼĽ֮ȴԵЩˡŤͷɨ˳һۣеȻӣвһϲѸȥϲɫ¶ЩźıҶԼ

ȥôʱˣүǹˣĺ¼ǲ˲档ٻεĵģûүҲûĳٻ

ԭ

ҶԿͷһӣһûסӲŅ̀ͷȥ˱ӡ

ү̫ˣ˵еӢ۾ȻѪѪţѪѪŶζܸţˣͶظʰ·磡

ӵı飬ӦѾԼ־¹ôֻãȻоȲԼֹĿģƺʲôͬҪ

ҶӵίˡŤͷͬСȥˡٻŽӣʱ͵һۡ

;Ƭйȥ

˻˯ȥˣҪͬҶ˵Ҳˣ˳·ҲСܡҶǰгٻȥ㣬˳ٻҲˡ



ҶԺͳ񲢼С԰ɹ̫ɢŲ

Ҿǰ㿴ˡҶ԰̤ŽµĵשͻȻ

ĪŤͷ֪Ҫ˵ʲô

˵ǰôûأȻǸôĵˣԳϷ˵Ůåˡ

Ĭ

˵ǲǳŲȹʺȻôõ˻ϣãҪ˹ˡҶԼ٩

ʵЩЦļ磬һ߼ǰȥһ˵һ汾أQsuucm

Ŷ

˱ǵϷ˵ŮåȷʵҼǵãΪҵӣתְѵ˱ˡӢ۾е⡭

= =



53

Ҷ˳İ汾ȷʵЩȡ֨˼£һʱ֪˵ʲôˡĵٻҲǸ磬ȻײϹôûûεĻԣӦ˵ķζһŮͿ˵ΪĬķζĳӣԺﻺתȦ

ϱԴ׶ܺõĳգҶøЩЦҷ֣⼸ҵһ˻

ԭͷԼƽϵô˵̧ͷбһۣôţèצץǷˣ

ǵЦ˵ͷţ顣

һͷȥĹĿתĶĲؿ˺һͻȻһЦ˳ͷǰ棬˵㲻ᡣ

Ŷͦĵ

ҶҲȥֻЦĴͷ·ߵĻݣΪ֪ǵˣͻᱻ

˵ԼҲúЦһ㣬Ц˳ƽֲҲüЦ

һֱڶĻǿסǵĳ鴤췭˸ۡװС㣬֪̬ôдôټȥͬһԶ벼״̬Ϧ˵һԼȥǰҳСȥˡΪܶ꣬۾۲Ϊ

ߣЦ˷ķ˷Цȥ֮¶ģޱȼᶨɫҲĻᡣ

ҶüβûٽӻҲϡĻᣬμǽԼ˵Ļôһ죬ʵŵԣ

ʮķ⽨ǰмһ˵ĶøȫȫİһˣҪúðϧŵıӺͰԼǶء˲һԼŮˣǵۡ

һΣͻȻԼϵı׷ϱǴеĿ֮һҲǱȻء

ǸҺ˵¶׼

ͻȻҶҲϵ٩Цͣ½Ųתʾ˵ȥ

ǸӰ±֪ˣ绹ҵ׷ɱء˵һ׷Լƨɺϵָ˸ؿڣһµӣʱζôա

ϵı龫ʣҶԲЦԭΪ˶׷ɱѽ

Ӵϱ£ƳҶһۣʸڷϵʲôЦʲô˺ѣһˣŸġ

ҶԳԳԵЦԭү˵¶ʲô뷨

ʶԼ·Ѿڲ֪䣬ӷ˵Ȧ¶˵󲻴˵ССǵƾһ˵ҪֻЩС

ԭţҶҵ֮Ի֪пԼȥҶϢ˻¶ԭƻóСȥ̧ŮˣȻһ˵ҶϢҶԶ

뵽Ҷҵ֪ˡȻӰ˻ȥҲʵ¥ŮٹŵƢԣȻԼڱׯôһģ

ˣʢҶԶʼɷǳҲ˳ҶҲģֻ竣ǵǵıԴסԲȫһҪƴģ˵ϱǲ̫ܳЩӴ

ݵĽҶͬʱ棬ʵǳᡣȫʼɱ۾̣ɳ޴¡

ɥһɻ룬ǰѻڶɡ׼ͬʱҲܷЩĪеҥԡ

ֻǣŮ˶۶ģҶҲ⣬Īеҥԣôǵ¶ҥˣʵ

û˰취ֻƤϡ

ʵʲôʵӴո˵ʲôˣôûأ

Ҷ̲סЦøˣᴷһȭٺƤˣԼɳ¶Լȥ

˳ס˷˵СצӣһԼӡȻԾװɣСܣŮ档

ҶЦðŴǾͿĳɡ

Լϱ˵СͻȻɫԴ󷢣§ӷ˫һᣬ㽫ɵ屧˵棬ͬʱͷѹɤӵЦҸܱյݣСܵԳ⡣

ۡҶЦſϣ˳Ҳ°͸鵽ͷԶ߽ĳϴͻ̾ϴƣԽԽиڹǱˡ

ԲȥһµĳϴšһӵĳС粽˹

ͽȫǩļ͡Ϊͼˣֱϴ϶˳աȻ˶ⶼ˴Լϴǵñϴ

곤꣬ʮͣѾǸһˡ

ǵ꣬µĸںľ˾ڳǽһ֦˸ӣ˽ȥȻһ˻켣ڸСɹƭ͵ǿҪɹŭһĵƦͷӣһֺС

һٴЩɥһһġСкվԼǰкһڵİӣӸµĿ˵㻹𣿡

кϵӣǸ˲䣬ʲôڷӿԭʼͷǰδеһݣڶԭʼҪţű˵ͷۿŰһĻšͬǰһ߰ͷſڽűߵԼ

ԭǴԴΪ壬ѰʵʱȥԼūôķ̺Ҳڽı䡣

Ҫµʲôһ˵ӡΪ͸ԼС꣬һĵȴ·һͷŴѪڵѣɵһУһУֹ

˻˽⣬ɸʮ꣬ģ޵׶һӴҰģϿ˼ά֪ͬһԤԣԼȴ־׼۹⣬̵ʵŶصļ⡣ɱˣöᵽֲĳͷ

ͬʱһӶᣬģȴǽŪƣߣȻŴݵڲҰܶǰһһƷʳ̬ȣΪʵֻϷŪ

ŪŪ磬Ūǡ

ҪںģҲΨŮˡֻŮߣܿӵү

ǰòЦȻŮӣϥͷ̬ȹ˳ү̡

֪Ů֮ǸĴڡԲҪӵеһУҪԼѪףҪ׸綼ˣԲں

һ죬ûŮˣ

ΪĹϵʵҪȳԸһЩۼʱվãԶվһԼ޷ĸ߶ȣʶԾҳϡ



ɨһίĳСлŭӻȥԺܸɵ¶ż沢ĶֻʺϸϱС

Сƽְһίᶼˡɵү棬ֲҵ߳ҶԿȥˣΧźͰ׳մɵɵֲĶôʮȫʮ

ôһ˵Ȼ죬еŭƺ˷С£æ㵽Լһֶ˵ˡ˵ˣ˵ģġء

΢ֱۣС˱Ȼ֪Ǹɶ¶ǾȻܰһүǳ⸱ģ̶ȡҲֻóĬӦȥˡ

ȷʵŻòᡣڵ״̬ǣһСȥ²źáȥٿͬԸȻˣߵĹŽӾĿˡ֮أǱǰǵúд˿ĵͲء

⻰оһòųɵʳģĪλ

˵ͷ鿴رţʱ֪ǲԹЩ˵ķӦͶ

ûٶ˵ʲôųСˡҶ֣Գ֮󣬳ԵЩϱѾڣ·һɲУҪĶ޵׶ȥ

ӵĳҶԺٿ˵ٹעϵ飬ǰڡǣ֪һҰģҲˡµǣǳڷܺŬҰġ֡ܶټǿ˵бǿɽ

ûɣҶͻȻĻšĸ첲סֱۣʵ˭Ҫ

һ仰Գ˼лʵǺڶһֱͫɫǿصˡʵҪκε

Ϊǿ¹󹦷򣬶λˣҶȻšҲЩȣüǵʱʲô

ȻҲЩ޷ȷ˼һ˵ʱֻǶȼٺ˳㻹μǵĻԺģǾͲ˵ˡ

˵Ҷʶʱû׷ȥɹһ̫Ҷ˶˯ٳȥϹ䣬һ·˸Եݡ



˵ٻͳԵңȡҪҪܸĺҶϵȻһȡڳĿеĵλҪҸʲôĽڣ˳µĸȥǡҪ侲ġúõ˼һ¡

տҵԺӣͷžˤһģŮ˼

ϵĲӲͣ۶ķ򣬳ٻһ滳ԼǸøǲһģôͲôࡣ

̰Ľ١԰ҫֻᷢƢҶǿĶŪҩôһֵͼԦˡ

ĵĺһƶȥϵıҲùеɵıܿɳľ˻ֱһ汼ȥһµ

㣬ôôƢСӡ

˳ҼԵøӵһѽ·ˤڵϣĶʱ֪ˣ˼ͬǼһ·ȥԷӦֱӰ˵ͷϣҳһڶ

ٻвΪȻȴֵüίΡ

ҵĽ㰡ôôأôֲ֣˺ôġҲ룬үǸʲôݡ㣬Ҳôȥڰ

һӣıʵųܵ˼ңʱ¹˵ģ񶼽һ۸ͷˣôʲȥġ

ǰǺ»ģҹʲôݡǻʵ϶ˣˣ죬һˡ

ٻסȥɢŵ·ͬʱȥпƲסͱ֮ɫôô˶˴Ҷɾ

վһģ㣬ôô嶯֮ӦýŽѵˡ

ôһѣ˲һ㡣ϣ˵úܶԣӦиĻȥС˱ѩޡ˵̧ͷٻٸŪǶҪҩЧһġ



54

ٻʲôû˵˵ͷͳȥˡʱи飬˹ϵáֻǹȶĳԣüͽıڡײʣĵۺ֮ʱʮŮȥ¥

ҩҲǴŪģⶫ¥ֵطУ֮ǰҲǶϡƷ֡ұƾЩĴʹһʰ׹С

һڵ¥ȥٻһ˼Լδƻ֪ø߼һЩҩܲ˳ŵӡϸַ취̫óȻˣ˵ʵ䷴

Ӧͬ飬¸õӡ󡣵ȵҶԷ˾裬лڳǰ֣øС֮ٽЩҩãʵ֮ʱȥǼ˳Ȼĺ¶

ңԳݱ񶼿ˣѾͷԹͷӵģȻ϶ҶС㡣ȻŮ˶ԣٻûʵԼĿء

ͷʹ޴Ľ㣬ҶԳЩݿָ׼ԼĻͻ󡣼㲻ƵҶԣҲýվȵЩܹǺõġ

һһΪϾļƻܱǻԺΡǣٻҹҪͨҩʱҪЩߵĻ

Цһģһ߽еİ״Сƿӵݹȥһ٩ǳԺյĹӵܲģɲ֮ǰЩ˻ȻЧҲõó棬ɹɹˣǧҪǽõĹŶ

ٻԹαƵЦ⣬Ȼģô꣬ҴǱȴԼ׽㻹׵ġ

ǹϵͷЦúܿģ׵ġպýݣȥЩΰɡԼҲðЩµģ᲻úײǡ˳ٴ㼸ж

᲻úײǣٻͬĵһͷҲôȥӦǰ׳ճҡ

Ժһ·˵⻰һ·ӶֵĽȥ



ҶԻûһˡҲʣԶʼ㱨ƽڸǳĺԵҲ֪Ѿͷ׺ôģ֮Ķ˰ЩӺСѾͷ

ҲˣЩ˽°ѽӵѽ쳣סⲻһϼһʱ䣬㽫ʮ˴ˡ

Ȿ£ֹһҶԺѾͷաҶϧ̾޲ȥ鱨˷ˡ

ԭǸѾߣƾԼмɫƽó춼Ӵ齳ΪźӰΣҲû˰ڰ˸ǰҶֻС˵Ŀմįڣ֪ʹʲôϷĴҹĵõ˿ǰ谮

ʽ檣û뿪ķ䡣Դ˱㽥ǧ˳ҲжŶ裬ҶϷͷҰҲһֻ۱һֻۡ

˳ã˵ľĸڼũϴ滹һҲڸĳٻ⻹ܵܣŶǶôгϢٻѾߡգºͣƣʱЩЩ¶ͬβͶĽȻͬҲ֮ĵú

ٻʱ䲻ְֲ˵˵ĵԸ񣬶ҲἰԼáˣ飬֪ϸ꾡ĺ١ֻ˵ϸ춼ҪȥһΡ

⣬һδʵĴţ˵ǿҩץġ

Ϣᣬ֪ʵݣһ⡣𰽫ԼѶϢ֪Ҷԣֻڴ߲˵಻֪ʲô

УҸղŻʱ򣬿ٻȥˡ

Ҷ˻Ļ㱨֮ʲôҲû˵ֻĴ˼˺һŻع廨˯һʱ֮𴲡

˴ɢ·١ʱϦѾȡ˯ʱ򴩵

ɴʱѾͷʰ׵֮ŵĳȥҶѾϵ˫ֻٻԳûзǷ֮룬ƾռȵҶһ㣬֮ܡ

ټϽǳսǶ˵ԸȻʹ˰ݡѾǵжˣûʲôù˼ɵġʽˣʱ䣬ŵ˵ĵһɡ



ӶǵһСǣٳ̶ȻȲǡСҲСǵɫЩԸİնԣҲδжӰ졣

Ҷǰڼҵʱ򣬺ͽڽֵϣ̯ܰһĹˣ

ʵȽ϶ԣǵǿźˡ곯̣͢вٳ̻ĸҲ¸ҵ̤һˣڽϿŮӺڵ߶Ѿʲô¶ˡ

ֻҶĳЩ಻ġԣҶϲϲͷ¶ڴϹ䡣ʱľԼҡ̼ҡԼҵĽׯӡıԺʱ򻹻ȥڼͬĸ˵ǣûһβġ

޸ڽϹ䣬ҶԷǳĿġһһǸԵúϡ档

ţֻһӣҲůһƬȻڴԺؾˣǲõġ

ͬģͬĻϦҲԵú˷ܡȻҪǻ𰿴ȽԣϦ̱ĩҲֻ̧һ̧ƤȻĴһ䣬Ŷ

ǣŷѾͷɻȥˡҶ˦ϵľ߻عͷʱȴֻгһվ

˼£ջǽʵ˳ϣϦأò߶˰ɣ

ȡǮݸľƷϰ壬ҶԼǰȥԼϲĶȥˣͷˡ

ҶԵˣһܸɣһȭĶǳԿĵǱ㰲ĸųһĽ֡

һЩˣ˱·ߵһҲݶһ˳׵¶

ŽΣǰ죬βʱ򡣡

Ҷ룬˵Ҳеǵ˵ͷûʲôֻǵûȥ

ȻģЩǶǵ̬ȣֻҪǾ˵ģзԵġ

⵹ҲǡԼһĵҶԲ΢ЦǴչǺõģܵõĳ谮ĸ㵱𣿡

ͻȻһ£ķʻȥһҪʲô

˵ҶԲԾĴͷȥð˵㲻˵Ҫһ˱ģǰĻͺĻԼϵġֽˣԼǷˣҲûᷢչĵڶˡԺ㶯ĵˣҲܳˣΪи֮򡣡

һϯЩЦһͷȻѾ˵ģͬһ˶ʮˣô;ʵڲ㡣



55

Ӳֵ֮ϹһҶ˲ϡŹֵСһ߳䵱Զˢһߵ˰˹ְ

ʱر죬ת̫ѾȺɽû˰ͻԼϵʱҲѾˡҶ˦ҡģͱֽһһ̤ʯשϡ˫š˶һȻĸ

Ҳյûã죬ͷͿҶȫ޵ıQҲ֪˵ʲô£ŤͷȥĹүٺЦ¡ϵͱԼҧһ͵үߣܻ䡣ƫǴıɴֱһ̧¶Сذһֱ·˺һĿ

̾һæ첽ӭȥ֪Сһ˼ž͸ֵҰһͬүһ·ҲȻ֪ľΪͬүһ޷Щʵڽ˷Ĳ¡

ҶԼӭЦݱӲãСҸЩɶ˵һѽʣСڵͱɹһӳͳһ

ĶǶ棬ֻԹĵһۣС㣬ע̬

Ȼһȥצӡ

ٺ١ûʶңʲô˲ΪȻ˵ֳ岻ԶϦӶһֻ֣ϦҲСҽյĴֱʡ

ʱѾɾ֣ջȥ̧֮ͷʣʲôö˷ܳ

Ҷͬױһ㣬ֽĵֱסӣһֻƿǺĺӡ

ԭ֪ȻԼСĹء

֧ϸĻ̴ͭϸһȻֱúڻɫǦ鴮˲ͬ״ֻɫ죬ͻʲĶǲġϸ֮˲ŷ֣ɫķֱ𴮳ɵľȻĸѾͷ֡

ﲢЩǦҲǳСȻôСӴһֳԾ̧ͷǡ

ҶԼһľޣȸֵ⡣ɫӡֵĳбķټ䣬ϲɫͦʺİɡ

˵ֽĿתƵϦϣϦ²ĸģ

ϦɨһǺʣµֻ߾ȻĨǳЦȻȡ֧ɫĳһƯתսԼ

ҶϵЦӲãָʣµֻ˵Ҿ֪ѡǺɫģʣµĴȥֻǳôˣҲ֪᲻Ƣ

Ϻиӵʱ򣬻ϸ⵽϶Ǹϵžϸ˻˿ʱճϸȵĻȡͬӱһĻһСɵĽӡҶ԰ָϣһ顣

Ҷע⵽ڴԼֱٵǰܿϸЩôǲкĸо˵ָ֣ĴָǸİָ׵ģ̵Ļһģһҽˮ֮󶼻᷺ͭɫĹ⡣

ܿյȷǳˡĶǸ󰺹ģҪж٣δʱһ˷ˡ

𰲻ɨˣҪ˵¶ǵ˵

С㣬ʱżȻ˳ٻ



ʱٸ

˷ﵱֵҹѾߺһ̽ͷһƬû˿춯

ϨͷһյƣɵĴϡźλӣʵǼ˵ĻƣҲ֪ʲô¶Գٻ֮һֱ޷Ƶ˷УڵʱڲŰڰеһͷմͷʵ̾ڿԺúõϢˡ

յ費ʱ䣬齷㴫ƽȶ־ȵĺ

żڵı仯⼸ѾЩɫ΢¹⣬ɴӡԺڶӰʱһ˿˿ɳɳ

һȵӰϢĳź󣬱¹⹴һľӰĳ鿪˨Ȼɿȥ



ֹԼĪʱҳԺǽͻȻһҰèļСﱻͻȻ¾ѣһַ˯˹ȥ

ʱӳͨľխű򿪡һֱںͷӰű򿪣ԥ˽ȥ

ͷ˴˳˳ݿ첽Ժ᷿Ǳȥգͣ˶᷿ſڡһƷţȴ֮ıƿ

ųֿһ֨ѽ˺ôһһ԰СԵú˱Ȼ˼£ŵèȥ

˽ȥûãֳˡͬǣ˻̧һڴ״ڴװģӦҲһˡ

һΣĿر졣һ·˶ᣬã־񷿡ͬʱһӳȷ͵ĺųȥʧҹĻеС

ֻû⵽һп¶Ժǰ̨֮ʱǷͣǴ᷿ڣĸ˻Ŷ

ϦȺȥˣҶԶԺŵķɫ˳֣Ȼסû˵

ڶֵƣ滹㵽ףҶΪ֮ѧϰĵһΡ



˳ĺ֮󣬳ٻɿıԼɿĻ·ɶϣ˱סָ֮˸Լؿڣ졣

ְ̧סͣ͹۽ǣڰƲסֿǡȻôֱӵһ˻ǵһΣаһ㣬˷ܺͼһú¡

ԼǸıĽҲȼǼųܵеޱ˵ǶԵģӦҶһЩѵýӼɵֺŽԿ׳ǧС㣬ǰһ˳ģʵﲻһƲˡˣǷǷѵ

ܴһ٣ټܲԾЩͷңԼһֱãºҲֻὫìͷָԼǸ޴Ľ㡣ڲǻͬʱѵһԼУͬʱԼ泩ݹֶΪ

Ȼ¥켣ôİޱܸԼĺýá

һٻ˯رر㡣һΣĳЦűߣĺš˽𰲡

ЦѹѾʴһҹˬ

ٻ߸˵˴һɫ·ѾȲȥԼΰˡһ뵽Ҷֱеڴϣֵ׳ѣ޹ǵʹöֱѪڡ

ɣǸӣҲôãա

ԽǽӽãٻԽǽšҪŬסĵãһʹϧı飬ҪȻ£Ϊնⶴ򱧲ƽ촽ǿסüʵ̫Ϸˡ

һסüϲɫȹڿ粽߽ȥֻϷ˺Ҷһ֪˵ЩʲôûпҶԼ

ٿһĳݣּٶȡۣôѾ֪ô

ѹƽǵĳ鶯밲磬硣

˿һ˿̣ͬҶһ۲ֶԳٻ˵ãպҪͬ˵ء

ٻмֻ֣ԼѾʱ˵˾Ҫˡ沿飬̧ͷˣҳٻʲô£

ŵ˳ɵŲŲ壬̾һЩʹţҹСˡ



лҪ˵ڿʼ˿ʼ˿ʼ~~Ů֮Ķ~~

ǸҶʵ֪Ѿ~~~~Ҫж~~

ֻ~~Ǻ~~

56

ٻЩԼĶ䣬ֻһ㵵ˡƽʹ޳ҵúܣû˵ģϾԼӣҵĹ⡣ټŮ㣬Ҳɱ

ģҲ֪ծݶ

һֱԱߵҶҲһ࣬Ǳ˼֣ԼԲĶƤ̾һٻѾȥˣȻ˱ͬһ·ȥɡ

鷢̫ͻȻٻֱŶЩûӦΪʲôǵûܿҶԵĳ̬ǳСˡ

һ˶˳ҵԺſڣûžͷһ˺ѷεĿ޺˻ͷǵĿһҶɵҪҺͳٻȥͱȥˡԼϴУǲ̫Ѿû˸ӣɲٶһ

ͷ޺ڼҵѾ˻ҶҲЩԥͷ˿ԼĶӡһҧ̧˽ȥ

վű߿Ӧòµġ

˼֣ҲûټȰ˵ֻߵñȽϿǰ⽫ҶԼҶŵĶһݸмɷþɫͷҰ˵ǣŴĺã࣬жδС

Ѿڵ߰㣬ҺĵڵϣĴǡϵҲǱѡͷɢû֬ˮ۵ڸǣȱ¶ɫƣƤһ㱡ߡʱɫ԰ףûһѪɫ۽һԵ࣬ұҲŵġ

ʹʧ˹⣬ʱʲôˡǰԼѾִץ³ҲȫЩ

Ǹʧȥ˺пԭɿôҪҪӣ˻̲סüôͳģѹֻСˡ

˼˽΢תע͸͸ٻɨҶ󶨸¡Сϡ

ɫ˱仯Ƭ̵Ĵͣͫ׵ţù졣ȻͻȻ澵֣͵ĳűߵҶȥ

ҶԸսţͿһŮ˺ۿҪײһ㵵ҶҶ붼û룬ȥҶǰ

һɴײϣҶԱƵʧȥƽ⣬Ѿа˸еиʱΨһѡķ򵹡

ǣڶ˵£ҶԵıݺݵײ˲ĸ̧ʽϡŵϵĴƿѵһˤ˵ذϡΪס壬ȥ֧ŵƾһѷĴƬС

˻

Ƭϸ۵Ƥ˲ͼѪҶĳʹüʹϦȷӦһѾסĶ˺˳ȥ

ֻһҽУŶһʹĵ˵ϡֱʱ˲ŷӦ

ٻٳڵֱеĳȥٵ˵Ҷǰ˿˿ֱƵҶԣֿ˿Сܴĳң󰧺һָһߵѾܻʲôϽҶСͶ

ѾͷγѣæҵһȥңһҶ߹۵ĸҶԴϵƬѾͷ֪صĹô󺰳

𿪣˭ҪˣСڼҿȫŵ飬ﾹʹ񵹼ûҶҵ

ˣֹҶϡ̺Ͽ£ҶҲͬҶѾͷҲû˲ģЩˡΪ˴Ͻܵĵڿܸɣһֱӳ谮Ҷһ˵ЩҶҲǰС㡣

ʱʢŭ̬չ¶šѾͷʮôӣӲǱ˵¡

Ҷ԰ȴǻû˵ź˵ҶҵСĸǽ֦ҶһҾȻʽͷϣҿɻиͳСίǿɶǿģֽмĵճŮȿЩ˵ģҪȥʵ齲үġү֪ĸα˳Ҳû㼸ùӳԡ

˵ᾹܿƵĹȻ̧ͷֱˣɫǵļߵ

ǸˣȥȻԶ췣ЩƼģǵ˵ϷǼĳھ޷쵽ϣͲúһ𣿡

һһףȻʲô壬ôҲʮüˡԼڸҲǱźŵӡһѾָűӽѵ롣

ƫƫ˵ȫʵԼ˵ĻڣﱻֵüɹԼ⣬ȻҵŰ裬Ϊӽ񣬸ʱѡĶһֻ۱һֻۡˣ棬ɽ֮¡

ҶסϵʹڻϦĲվովȣɫǳ

𰣬¡

Ҳ֪ԼԽˣ̧Ĩȥϵᣬ˵ͨһҶǰ

ôҪҽ𣿡ҶԵͷϱϾҲԵ쳣ı顣

ڵϵСͷõָ֮㽫ϥǲȥдǰȻһͷϿϴǻ𰲻֪أԽˣ𷣡

ҶԵľٶǽoһ̨ףɫҲࡣ⻨𷣵ģҶԸӣҲֻ̡ܿ

֪Ҳһʱ鼱Ѿͷģɡ

ҶŷӦȥҶϵˡ˿ǰİѪֱǰһֱף⡣ټϸղųҷģײҶѵ˺ҶѪô

һ˼Գҵֶ˼֡СƵϣΪĸףĺӶˣɼС

ʱ򣬳Ѿ˷˴ҹƽױװŹһͨȴֵģûֵǣǻ˴ԼĪʱȻֵתͻԼ䡣

ҹСʹǧһ㣬ΪĥˡˣﻹŲֽҲšͷûжʱĺӱԶȥ

űߵҶҽãҺ޲ȥ˺縹һǣɱԼĺӣǱ˹Լ๫谮ͬǼãҪǵģһǡ񶾵ļˡ

ˡҵġӡ

ƽڴϣ۵Ҷ۾ĺҶԾ̧ͷӡǰӺݶţҶؿͻʶĻԼĶӣҧ촽

վб󷽵Ҷԣ˵ְǰҺ޲ɱҶ߷תͬҴһ˼ĳٻϡ

ٻıԵ÷ǳȣˡԼҹĹѾʶƣ굽˳ϡ

ȻСô

57

һӵˣٻһæŰңһ߱ܿҶԷ·ܶϤһеעӡҶҶ˵֣򰵰Թ޵ľüҵһУԳҵֱ

֪Ϣ֮ݸŸ˻ŵʱ󻹸ҲոոϵĴ͹ܼҡ

⵽ô£

ǽ㿴ﱻڵ߰ӣǸĵĶ˴ʱɵڴϣһȫȻûǰݡüʵ

ûƳ˳һۣȻתͷԼĶӣʵô͸ˣӣӦûʲô󰭵ġ㻹ǻȥֵɣ֪ݴƼˣҲЩЯ

Ѿյļ٣ԱưɡѾ߸ոհںõת˼ȦҶϡ

겻ɢүûиšЩһӽκοȶʱѰᡣշתž׵ϣƲסɬ촽Ǹ˶

ٿԵҶƵɫӷ׵ģԼǺò١ɰͱǣһĽãľûôءȢô˶ҲԸ⡣

ҶֱϷһļƤΪһոʧȥˣǸΪŮ˺Ĳ˵Ȼ˶ͷˣʵ˺޲ܳzӡ

ǴҿָҶԵִһ¡ʱһֹӡȫעͶעҶϣεĿһʴԺɻ

ҵǰһдҩһ߶Ѿ߳˵СӦŹ£ദˡڻֵܲúٿЩŹ˵ҩ

⻰ȻЩûףŷӦ׷ʴ򣬡Źˣ˵

ͷдҩĴ̧ͷֵĿһۣϷ˲֪λӦǰ˴Ż̥

ҩͳȥˣĹܼ˵ָʾ͡Եһ࣬ǰڳﵱֵѾͷ

ѾͷŵòᣬȻԼźŵʱô飬ˡӵɫҿֻſڵϲϵĿͷġзңֶֻʱӣѾͷһһʮ˵ˡ

𴲣ȥ˳ϰʱδճ˸緹ʱݻûһ㶯ֻǶҹˣ˯һ

ǣֳȥһȦڶλͷɺ޷Ӧŵӽȥȴֶ˱ֽڴϣ´Ⱦ˴ƬѪҺѾȫȻɺԡ

Żˣ˰Ȼ֣ϾȻкöദͲˡ˯֮ǰǺúõģԼ档һȥ֪ͨˣһ澸ϴҩơ

ūĲ֪ϵôģҲδµ󣬶Ѿº֪飬ϷĹū澰ɡ˵ּڵĿͷ

ʱҲ˻ûٶ˵ֻǿԼĶӣʵ¶֪

˯Ҷֱȥ˸ã;ͻȻ˸֪˴¡ٸŸϻ֪Ŀֻ˶ࡣҡҡͷ

Ҳ֪ˣ˭ôĵӣˡ

ĳٻѾߵĻȥ뵽Լ顣ԾɤӣҶԣôȴԼǿɱĽ㡣ٿҶټԼʱǱ

ѾȷˣҶʶԼļƣղȡֶ˸ƻľƫɲ飬ҪкܾõĽȻѾУȫ֪»ˡ

Ҷ޵Ŀ˳ٻһۣȻüһǵĵ˵ô鷢ڸȻû֪ʵ̫ˡˣҾ¶鲻СһԼ۾㿴ɷİվǰǸж¡

Ļٻ̧۷ɿɨһۡ￩һһáû뵽ԷȻһСô֪ʼٸߣ²

ȣ޴ֺõĽͬĿȻᱻ˺ҶʶĿԼҲûҡؼȥͳʧȥóĻˡĺΣĸȫ

Ȼ޳ҶԵ˵¶ˣôܰƺѾȫҶԵĵ˵ĻǶԵģġ

ϸ£ǺˣȻôĵӣ˶ᵽˡҶĬĬһ³ȥʱ䣬ΪļƻתȦ

УҶԵ쳣Ȼıвͬ겻֡ӽŵڣֱ۶ƣȦԼĶϣΣС



˺̲شĶ֮һȫԺӡУһѳС檣ǸҹⶼסС檣ֵķǱߡ

ԣȷʵܸʴ̼ѾЩˣŮ̫ƢŲִ֪硣⼸֮ʸбΪ˵ҶԳ嵭ʱ뿪ҲǺ޵ź

ҶԭЩϾĸ׵ˡʧȥӶһĸ׶ԣһôܴ飬ܹ׵ġ֮ǰҵŵˡΪԼǵ뵽ɱδĺӡɲʲôԭܵ˿־塣

ҲӦһҶԵĻҪһζϢˡҺ˵̬ȣԷδ顣յķӦǴ˺ݶɱ⡣

ô죬Ϊǿ֮ԾأеѰİ취һŽ֪ôˡ



һ˵ȷ׷ȥٻŤͷһ۴Ҫˣ̲ס췭˸ۡ

ǰ׳ôȻ˸ߣ˰һٴãӶûˡٿ˵̬ȣԺӿ²ù

ϵʱЩʹٻԼһˮһߺһ߳ûûˣߺƨá

ʵϣĻ뿪иҪҪٵǼ˿̽̽ҶԵĿڷ磬һȫЧķóԼԲԼΡ



58

ҶӶ֮󣬾ԵúܲԾҶԺ̸̸ǲҪһֱҲӺ˵񣬿ɵ˵棬ֲܵӣҲֻҶѿ

Ȼ䲻ȵ̬ȴһֽǶȵջûоܾǾǱ롣ǣҶ߰Ҳʼƫı˶ҶԵ̽

ĵôҶüͷܿ˷θĿ⣬첽ǰȥסҶֱۡ

㣬Խ飬ʲô

ҶͻȻһ㣬͵תͷ۾ЩڸǵãȻûӹҶԵ۾

ŶﶼܽͽҪҳ׵ġ

Ҷǰ硢ĲɵˣﰵԾһ¡û뵽ǣ¾ȻôĳĸôҪúػԼӵľģôЩ飬Ҳô

Ψһ˶ά㣬ƫ޷ڡôһ˵ļǿͷԿⳡû̵սл֣ܶסҪػռ

ʱִҶһĵĳҶЦ÷ģһ᳹鵽׾ͽġнڣԱ֤װ

Ҷǿס沿ĳ鴤һ̵ҵǲҪ㿴˵ģ˲õĶˣûҽ

˵ͽͷƫһߣȴ񿴲ҶԵ̬һ㣬治ɫǸģᡣð̧δȢģҷˣûñȽϡ

˵⻰ʱҶ̧ͷһۡϱѱ棬ֻܿЩȡҶԶⷬﲻΪȻ˵ƷĿѾȫ˸ֵ

ֻ뾡˳ǽöˣýҶЩѡЦһ

ˣ㻹޷Сλɡ

⻰һ˵ҶԵЩΡҶҲȥᡣɿһͶעҶ˵ϣתƻҾʱŷ֣þȻ֡ô˵ģɻʹô

˵ʱ򣬻״ҶԸǰաҶԱһһýеģֱֻҶ˵ȥϢţȥſڿδûС

Ҷ˵ͷһ£˵ȥֻФЩҪͬ˵

ԼЩ뷨ҶҲûʲô¡Ѿˣȫ࿴һۡҶôˣʵǳ󱯾硣

ۼҪߣǰҪҶͼס๫ұ졣Լ鲻ʲôǾͱٰɡ

ŵյҶѾŵķһξˡͼδܴɣﷳꡣһ˦Ҷ֣ûµ֪֪ˣ

Ҷ֮ջԼɻסӣͷû˵ȴûеõ˿ƽұŹСΪĻʹҪɱĺӡɥĲ񾹽Ѿͷϡ

Ϊѣ๫Ѿͷʲôһԭ²ͳ̼ҲܷŹǱϾ๫׻˵޼漦޹湷ʹ̰ɫþƣҲӵĸף֧

־ﲻϵĴתǶ˻Ҷԣ֪ԼôҪలµദҪƽҪĺӽĳˡ

δ뵽һӣӡ



ҶһԲĿ첽ŴȥֻίﵽôѡģôŮ治֪ȥЩ꣬ҶôĹġ

һ뵽ŶĵһӵĻΪǿҪըƣ͵Сǿѹ·שʯȻԶСȥ

ʯͷˮУһ죬漴ƬˮȴǻһǰʯשϣһˡҶżϵʹˣֻ˦ֱۣ϶Žţ߶š

ţţôôҪˣֱˡ

Ѿͷһֱ󣬿ͻȻʯͷӽˮȻͿʼԼһ˷ƢԱһ

˶ǳĬѡ˳ĬλС㣬үͷǰµĹŮǰƽ׽˵С㣬ĸǰʱҲӡ

ҲеģȫԻˣֻһץſƢһ£ﷳȴ޷ʱеġЩദҲҲеǰס

ԣ൱λСӡ޷ѣҲܻڽ֮취㶨Ľֲǳɹ˸е֮󶼻̹ȻܣȻǳƽ

ԣһֱãҶòǲѧţҲܸɶ¡ǹ¸սʧҲĽܵǿ־һδεгɳȻøӵĹˣϲ

ˮӹʯͷ֮ҶԽƽһͻȻعŻ˾˵𰣬ǰѽӻؼȥɡ

֪ģҲͬʵĴ𰸣еģС㡣

ȷʵСҶЩǷϵżĵʵ顣ѾôŮѾӵŮ׵ĻңҪôˣôۡ

̵ģëǿɰСϦȥѾģ

ԲСķ˸ۣûĻǻֱӰѲš˸ɾ

Ϧ̬Ͷûԣͷ˳ǣ䵱Ĭ͸Ĳߡ

ԺǴⰻȻʱĹĿŵ˼˵ĶԲߡȻ뺷



ʱҶԵѾԼݡ֪֣ӵɫѸٱѹڵ֪ҹһŹСʱֻޱһ䡣

ǿ治ɡ

ҶԷǽ

ɻ˳סҶǾµĹ½󣬳ʡ

ڳƤĳһֻͷ鿴ƣûлش

Ҷأһ£ҲһЩ㻰أŵǸë˼

ﱾͲֱһƣëˡֱһ̣ͽϸԼУһֻ°ͣߺݺݵôС£Ҳ㻹ͼݴүС֪֪˷Դ

ҶЦҾ˷ˣզذɣ˵Ч߻ᱻء˵̲סԳЦһϵѻȻ޴档

񲻺ƶˣбϣһ߰壬һ˵ԭֻѵһ³ٻСƨսϵǵöԵͷɡҶ̫ˣʡµģҾͷĲ

оϱͷǶƯܽ٣ֻǵһϲ̬䵭Զ˵Ȥ

ҶϼҪôǶԲʡĵĽãͬ˵ֹţȥҶ̬ȣôϲϹ

˵˳ֱһǣʲôֻ赽ʱҵİ߾ˣף

ķϴ˴˳ӵĵһͷͷôôһѲɢ˵״ȷţB

Լķڣ˺Ů˵Ĳ𰡡Ҫ֪ѧ൱һʱءôƯ뵷¸ɢˡ

ͷ˵㷢ǱߣȲشӷ˲ľü̧ͷԹأϲ˵

һĶõעǣã֪֪ˣ˵ˡ

ҶԾ˾죬ĵһͷǲܺëѾͷ֫Ӵܱ۶С˼

в֮£ŵĿֻӦ¡һëѾͷӣֲ

Ҳ̫ҵƷλ˰ɣҾҪҲұĲǡ

Ҷã˦˦ϵĺڷ̧°͵˵Ҫұģ̫źˣѶ൱󡣡

ó񿪻ЦԼٴαŷħצһ죬סϱ°ͣȻǰһգСĴ͵˸㡣



Ҷһֱȵոȥǰʻ֮󣬲ȥҶĲ뿴Żһûסһӳȥ

ȥʱҶ۰ڴǰϣֻɵԼĶӡƾҪȥҶҶԱֹס

ϥʩ˸񣬱ĬĬ˳ȥҶߵҶԱߵİǱһ顣

Ƿ𾭹£ŵҳѭԵӦ

Ҷ۾ֵٶҲûб仯һֱҶԿǸ£ϵŮͻȻſ˵ˡ

ԡ

ţҶ̧ͷ

ǲǾãرų

ҶԿ͵ĲҡҡͷûСǸֵúϤ۰Ůӡ

һӵС檣Ը;ʵҲôںġһֱã󲻹޻檣Ҷܺúõӣƽ

ƽĵʵĲϣ˲񣬰˳

С˵ĸǸǳõˣֻҪױ֣ܻǺܺáҴСĸΪģҳ˱˵ӣҲҪĸ˶á

⻰Ҷ԰Ծ̾û뵽ȻĵڷҶϣҶӰ졣

Ҷ۾ͷҶԣ㻹ǵǼô˵ֿЦҡҡͷǻ꣬Ȼ֪ġ˵ֳ˼ǮڲƭסС

ʱô꣬ҶһαҶֻúǱʲôסˣϢʹ˱ǻƲסð

ǸССİСѾͷǸ˵Цȴżק½ŴŴһ㡯СѾͷǸһĽ˵СѾͷǸӲһСѾͷǸûСѾͷ

ûǴΣڸʮˣһǸĹõ˵İ

ﷸôֳϡˣºĸȴСεԼݣûһңҵҲչˡͬź׵ģ֮ż쳳ܲϡ棬ĸǣģ缺

ΪֻҪˣܻõñġȻû뵽档๫ĺûˣҺʹġɳҪɱҵĺӡ

ԣֻҪĵطչҵĺӣǳˡ

ЦŮˣҶԵαͯһֱ󡣴ʱŮı

ҶԲٿۿͷʵգ˵Ļ

㣬ںô

ҶԶʱһ㶣һֱۿת˳ԭں¡

Ҷҧҧ촽ҲȻô£͹־ϰɡ



ʱ֣ٸ

ٻȥС·ϣոմͨޱҵͽҲȷǶԷʹĹƣ˰ͽǻ˵ǽ˴һ֮ˣڳΪʲôԼﻹСӦҲҶʹֶΡ

ȷҶԶ˽٣ҲȷǷ֪ࡣȥԺĳԼ©°ѱʱѾ˵ˣ˲ʻ˵Լ鲻Ҫȥ١

ӲһܴˣʸľĸӵĴˡΪԼٻ󣬻ǶӮҶ԰һǡ֮ʶڸҪҩˡ

ͷ첽ǰţ䲻תһܵòʱһͷײ˶Էϣ󣬷ʧƽȣһƨɵ˵ϡ

һ䣬̧ͷҪȴ˾˼ҹõĳɿȻͷŤԭүǳٻĹûүˡ

񰵰˳ƤԼ·߳ģȴ˵ûú·ˣϱָʾ̨ʡ

ŶáҪѪѣûŸˣȥɡ

˵֮ŤͷˣðҶֱšѾҲ̫ϷˣҪǴ˻¶ˣ̵ģôҪծ⳥̫TMDˣ̰ûУ

ȻٻѾȫͻľϲͷҲأԼˡⲻүڰʲôѾԶıӰɦŪ˵Ӧ£Ȼһ.תɿȥ

Ļˣ



59

ϲĳٻ˵ͰԼöʯ鴮һﻳﴧһЦŵ㣬ҼҪϵѣУ

ﱻסŷӦЩֵĿһۣųɵĵͷȥ鿴ʯһǶķ˵

浹УôĶĶѽ

ٻһŵĿһҧͷϵ黨ǶﺬϵĳϵȫһȻһý㣬мáҲôЩˣȻǶֵǮҲĴɡ

⡭ðɡƴһ£ȫȷʵ󣬲ʱԳٻҪΪͷȥǰ׵Щ᲻ء

ڳ΢һ֮󣬱һֵߵߵˡٻЦǶֵˣġ͸˵ҪȴҪƴǣα

һĶ̲סոӳȥĿȫļҵǴʯʵİ֮

Ͷһѣ᲻úײǡ˴ǳɹˣ˭ϡЩʱ򴩽ֲ

һϼƣֱúСѵĹϴ̸ɾʢˮʼ̿¯ӡ

һߣҶԴסݼĳӣúõѵһ١

еģ֪ɡ΢ζǷǣԶղǽʲôȫǱ̨ʣҲֻǻձɱˡѾͷ治ôԭΪˢأҲһˣСĻȻ

ҶĸǽŽϷͬʱһ·¸ȥƱ˲ɰĺӸøɵ¶ֻҪһ뵽ٻǾʷ׳ʵı飬ֹס˷ܣѪȫðݡ

ѽŰԲУˬ= =

һ뵽ԼļƻڳҶԾЦǰ̧죬ԭֻô׽Ū˵Сħ



ڰʳ׼÷УʱֻФƻʱϣʱ֮깤ٻЩͷСƿǽ

˫סߺע⵽ԶĵطиСҩ¯Ѿˣ๾ðݡЩ߹ȥҿҩ޸ơ

ʱ򣬳߽ڣͬкٻֻͨĲҩҲûر⡣ֻ˳˳һ䣬Ǹ˭ҩ

Ŷ˵ٷ⼸Щ˯ȣҶСûȥץ˸ҩʱӦðòˡʵ

ٻǹҩһۣ¸ӻصԼѪߡһҪҶԣɵɫ룬ǳ̽Եʵҹͽ߿ʲôûУ

֪С£ﰵԸˣɵֲֳֻܱװϧ̾һһ϶˯óֻҰèǽ֮⣬ʲô֪ˡ

⻰ٻһҲ֮̾һתƻ̫ˣҽСץסһҪݺݵĴһ١

ǵǵġæӦ͡

ʱ򣬻߽ͷ˵ǿĴкλѽ˵ʲô强أ

ٻ߽ԵЩ΢ĽšҶԵѾߣ졣֪Ǹδү׼ģֲָԼ͹ȥˡ

ôһ룬ȻǹѵԼ

ԭǻʲôô

ЦӲãһҶҩȥһ˵ССҩôˣ˵ǳ˺ú˯һ

˵֮䣬Ѿӣڵҩ˵̨ϡٻĴȡӣܿݽҩ֭ȥ

ҶôںûõĽѾû˶áοǳɹˣ˵Ѿ߾͸÷ˡ

ôһ룬ߵЦⲻɼһЩЩʹЩСѽαһˡ

Ц϶һܸţСУС㲻ıˣΨëëź򲻺á

˵̧ͷٻȻһЦζ˵һ䣬ο˵ģôѳء˻ţҪľҪر֪ѽֽݣֲźôġ

˵⻰ͳȥˡﲻ֪飬ûǾ仰֮ǳٻɫʱ÷ǳѿѾͷǸͼū澣˰ﳰţɹ֮ʱҪÿ

ѵĻʱֵĵġ



תۣѵƵʱ֡

ٻСĶѺ͵ģǰ񷿼·ϡ¹ŵЦڹֺܿʧתǵĺڰ

˳ǰͷĵŵģܰٻһסܿƿģߵš

үôѪˡ

ͷһɡ

ԣһæͷȹ˽ȥ濴еĲӣоϲûʲô仯ͷû̧͸ῴһˡ

ֻ˵һ䣬ŵϡ

ٻ˿ָӺʱľ룬һתûĻֱӶʳߵǰ

ǰõü̧ͷǰʹСǷ˴ˡ֪ƽʱôˣСˣ֪û

ҪΪͯδϱĻͼӽŮˣһǳϷǳɴĴգƤ

ٻӷʢѵУ˼£ЦŴߴٵүȳԣٻ׼һЩСģֻǲ֪ϲүĿζ

һϵѣͻȻһҶԭİţʱҸȥұ֤һ֮ǰҶѾǿˣǶͷϣԲܳԡ

һʼûв߻ⳡϷòϣǱſϷԹ̬뿴ôҶձʲôӡ

Ϊˣĸıȼ磬ıԡǿʳǻŵʱԶŵʱҪ̡ںôһ͹ˣֻҪ˻ڡģǮȨƣòء

ԣﵽҪ󡣿ʱͻȻ뿴һˡԼķӦȫȻİ֮⣬ͻ״ô

ǣ֣޳ָϴĥƽ˵ıߡ״ɵɫƤȫһΨ׵Ļ

һ¸̧ͷһڴĳٻ˵𡣡

ٻˣһĶᵽɤ۶ˡϲһ˲壬һЩϡ

һ˵˵ūȡȥû˵ת첽ȥҲһѣһʱ䡭

ٺ١ǰһżٻƲסЦ·ʱ򣬽˷һ㣬ɿʧԺ⡣

ĳվɨѣߵһĨЦͻȻڴӷ˵ķӦ



   

60

ҶԱ԰߳ųٻȥķ˺һЩѻҲʵ̫Ҫ˵ȻˡȻ¶ԤıTMDҪûᱻô˵ԭЩ֮ģôʱȻȫٻƤ̬ȴһɶ

ҧһ촽ڲƤԴЩϦʱˣȥ

Ϧ˵ͷת̨ףҶʱͻȻ˵ҪǸҶ㶯ֶţǧҪֻҪŪüĵطͿˡ

һӲûЦ⻰ֱ͸һ㣬ֻͻȻתԱЩ򣬾รɡ

ҶԻعͷƿ߽ȥվûжæߴˣڿ˳ˣͽҰɡ

ĶðòƿߣȻһԵ˳ֵú˳Ӻϣ̬áҶԱ˶ģɾͲ֪Ϊʲôܾһͷ֡ë﷢ë

üҡҡͷٺȥա֮Ҫڳٻ֮ǰ㶨ߵǰѡͷ׽ӦպáĵҲǾСɡܿȷʵ¹һ

̲ס֨ЦֻľҪ֮ˮˡĺɰͳһСֽɿĴ򿪣ȻЦŽһɫĩȫܳٻûͷϣֶһġֻǸҩЧ벻͵⡣

ǱǸ㲻ûǸء˵ţȴ˿ϧ֮ɫ

Լҵ裬ԸǶԲס㣿

׽֮֮󣬲ŽѺ͸һԽҵ߽ȥŵ˴ǰСԲϡȻ󽫸ҺмɴȫȥֻɴΨһһյ

ֻ֮һյ΢ĵվɴͷԼܿͷˣȴû취ϸƾ濴һɫӰӣҲʲôġΨһֽŵĵоҲֻάֵٻ

úܿ죬Ȳû뵽ҶԾȻʱ˵£һȥζʲô롣ǿ׼ᡭôһˣû취ȢؼңôһҲǾľˡӵļУΪźڴ˫ֺһĦš

᷿ۿҪˣ鲻ԽԼɺԵ죬ֺƵϦʱˣûû˯𣿾ʲô£ô

ϦֻӿŲǰߡȷʵᣬСͻҲֱšĲô

ϲҲû̬ȣǰиڵҲôôѾͷˡ

űߣ֡èצƵģܡһƿţһ߹ȥһ߳ΨһĵطƤû˯°ɣŶ

ͷҶԶ˶һļƤѹߴû˯˵ɡ

ûֵιȥʲôˡ˼ҹ˶Զˣٺ٣˵ɴȵӰӱ˽ȥ

Ҷվӱϣ˶ڻɵĺɫСЩҪͷκһֱҲᡣô˻߶ţûе°ɣ

ûУûСʲôԸ˵ҪϵǽҲȥժһߴֳҶԿһ˵

ǵǲصġҶһӦһʱˣЩ͹࣬ҲԵ˵꽫ϴЩ΢Цȴʮ˴ʺ˸顣

붼ûһѽӹѣ๾ľ̡ҶŻģ¶Լܡ֪͸ֱ˰ǲҪĳѾͷˣȻͷЧһĿĲǶܴﵽô

ͷĿ϶ҶԷɿһűһ߶ͷ˵ˣһ׼һС⣬ȥȡŵһȡ

סֻӰڰСתһ룬Ҳ˵ȥȡֲǲˡ

ҲͲżˡһƨĴϣǹ⻬ıèץء

ٻٶȡ˷ۻƿֻǰࡣڱܣŲΨһĵطȥͷƺ˵Ӱӳס˺

ȡˣү߶ô

ʱƵģͬһħʹȥϵ͵ȵĽңһæڵģ517ڵģ

ǰ̬Զٻǵû֣쳣һҩЧˣȻҹĻôڴ˽ҹͲԭˡ

˸ɿŵؿڣýּٽһЩ֮ɴ˽ȥ

֪Ÿһȥ͵ıһѱסֻѸٵظĵĺһ漴˻ŤŤ֫ͷȥɬ״һ̲ˮүʲô

ΪҩãѾȫСҲ߶ʮһ˾ӵĴϣȻѹȥ

оȼ˾ͷϨｻҲȫޱ޾ħСҶԺǼ᷿ʯߣʼûȥƣ֪Ӧļƻڷչ

ֹЩʱ䣬յվһԼķȥһ૵ȻȺºָܲ٣Ҫ֪ҲǲѵѽԲˣλ

һҶԵķ䱬һļ˿ֻź;ŵļֱڰҹգ쳹ٸϿա

Ƭ̣ԭѾ˵ƻԺ½½˵𰵥˼ۣɿĴҶܳȻһ˷ţһߴ

ץ˰

һֱҶԸʱķźͷĽ˲ˡȷʵֱӰ׽ڴó׽㣬Լƽźȫֳ

ŴŮڼҪôһֹ֣ˣֻ°ƬǵĴСﶼҪ顣ں׶ûˣñһݲԴ˼˳Ϊ⣬ɱҪ

סڴɧ˳ȥҶԵı⣬ҲԽˣԽڴı顣

ڻľѸٵѾ߷ſٵϡҶһֱڴϵţ¹󣬲һͷż

ٷˣǱСƺ˾ţҪȥô

ҶһڶģشϽȥ볤ҩ̵ǧĪҪѾͷŻˡٽи˽ҵȥ



ϵˣϵˡҶµĳŵĴ壬һȫ£Ҳʵǵ󣬾Ȼˡ

ڵȥĳٻҲоͷı仯ƸͷһѣҪͣһȻʱѾȫûǣƴʶ¡

ٻֲᣬż㱻֪ҲѾľѳۣٲҲȥүˡ޵Ҳǲģܻȥһ졣

ôһ룬ȫĶ׵ԺԼԼеԽǴġүԽ͡Ȼ˺һʹоκο⣬°ͣԼ߾ȥ﷢.



61

˸ϵʱһȺùӵļҶѾ嵽ҶԷڵǰҶҲʱ˹˱æǰȥץסּѯʵ⵽ôˣ

˵Ѿһ߼͵ţдͽСķ䡣

ҶԴʧɫһ˿첽Ⱥۼȥһ߼׷Կ£ûбŻ

Ǵͽ֮Ӵ˳Ҳ֪iʲôطȥˡΪ̫£űӵˡС

˵֮䣬ҶѾϦ˳ƻ˸֮£񾪿ɫɷףȻ˲Сľš

˹⾰Ҳ˲ͬҶ˵첽˹ȥʱѾҶԸڵǼ᷿ţ˵ݹʮ׳һȥ

ҶԵͷ῿ϦϣעͶעеǼϡҶ߹ĿҶһۣȻҲǼۼ˸ʮ˵ӣ۾ʹͿɬô

׳ȥ˴ԼӣҶָʹĴָһڿ´һָ



ͻȻһŮ˵ļֵ͸ȴ󿪵ķﴫڳ񾭽˶̲סһ

漴һֱΧ˾һ˽ȥʱűǵĳͷҲһһէŵòᣬ˼Ҷеҹ⣬æչֱ۽Լͬʱȥ˴ԸٽǴͽ

ҶСһԼǰȴԽѹݺݵҧһ촽Ѿߡʱ򣬶ͷǸͻȻĶһ£µһȥչСֱһ㡣

ͻȻֵ̥ѾߵĻ˻ȥΪָֻ˼ᶨĳݺҲ˲䱻Ȼ

˵ǶԵģʱԥ

ܿ죬ͷ˳һκͻֵ̿ĹˡҶǰ֧֧˰죬Ӳǲ֪ô˵

ӿǼˣֻ˫Ŀһɣüëʵ׽סûУ˵

ڵϵ˰һᣬ͵̧ͷˣˣûŴͽǡԼȥưɡ

ʱִһ󾪻ŵļŭĵһۣתͷȥҶԼ״ҲҪȥȴҶһ縰Ȫվ

Լʹôǿ룬ľ棬ǻᱻ˺̾һ߹ȥѹ˵ͱȥˣ

ҶݵĿһۣջû취ԣ˳ӵĵ˵ͷվ

ŮվʵĹ䣬ͦñֱỨ֣촽ȴһڸ߱ˣûϵ΢΢ļģһŮˣôܵ£ʹһѾ֪

ҶԴӲʹıסͷľ࣬ðų³һ仰

Բ𡭡

Բ𣬶ôֶΡԲ̫û취ٸȡࡣ

ſҶҶҲת˽ȥôɱٸĺһʱĻ

ٻֵǰһͻȻӿˣһƬհסѹϵ˻ڳʶţŵ****ϢϵʵоǰһжΡ

ڴӴѹ־Ҫȥѹϵˡɾڻͷ˲䣬ޱܵӳֱԼģֱ˱һľ

ǡʱѹϵڷйϣĵϡֳֻһۣ͵תŴϵŭ󣬻ͣ

ˣ˲ŷӦǰȥɢһصסٻԴȫľֺͲʵУֻĳ˱ӹڡϡ

˱ûòײű˷סġʵ̫ˣȻɥ׵ĳ£ǵô˵档

û뵽ǣȻǺͳٻѾͷһֱΪѾͷǽ㲻ͬñһ˵**ģһѣһȥˡ

£ȻѲ١ڴϣ˸ɢɢ˵ĸʱ£

ͷȻôһ̬ȣ˲ιȥŭΡˣʵҶǸĶӷգֻܰԹȫڳٻϡ

ˣǲҪļѾͷ

ǰһڳҵ׺ǸѾͷȴǿۣûᵽƤĺɧζ

ס˸첲ٻγѡ˫ֽľסӣҡͷŵôᡭܡġô㡭ô㡭

˦ǰץˣ´ôǸ֮ĸΡĿꡭһֻһجΡ

ϧǣûиҴߵĻᡣʱҲ˸ոսԼźǳٻȻͬҶԲ֮ԶҲеͦġ

ʱڵ϶һţȫһǿ˵ı飬ĲΪȻ뵽ǰ˵ģζǺٺٵġ

Цʹóٻ˶˽ʱȫ˶ĵĻһһԺ֣ܸоĳ鶯еһһԳ񾭣Ʋסθķڡ

һˮͳæһס졣ԵķŻµĶȴȫ۾

ٻûü֣ͱһѾסͷ߳ŭһϣȻվݺݵĴһţŭˣԼģ

ôһߣٻǳ״ӵָҵף㲻úʮ˲

ܵҪȥɱͼĵˣһĻĻ**ײ֣һ۶ðû취ܡ

˾š˽űߡٻ̧ͷܣͶĲ޲ȥˡ

ɨűߣҶ԰վӸµĿǸҪȥʸһ̩Ȼ⡣

ˣҶԵŮˡ

ٻü˵ݺݵĶҶԣȻҪȥţң㻹ҵףҵס

ʱˮҶüβĳֲ̯˵ʲôأûʲô

ǵģ㡣Ѿѣȴû¡һĹ㣬ҴʱѾүĴˡ㺦ˣһΪүŮˣ񶾵ŮˣףǴ

Ѿȫʧȥǵĳٻĺгӵȫ죬һŵı˵ԭ˱Ǳǿȵ뷨ʱҲȫˡ˭û뵽ôһҪĵЩıҲȫαװģǽݵ׽ȫһĻɫ

֮ĳٻԼҲסˣȻȫʧȥǵ½Լļƻȫ˳

ӳѣ㵽˵ʲôӾ֮ǰһֱһġٻ벻Ҫ˵Ϲô

ٻûֱת䵽һֱվŵĳϡйһǵģӿ԰ֻ֤Ҫ˵ѵ£֤ȥ

鲻Խڵķٻǰεżŵõ֤ʵүҪǺȷʵģ˵ȥȡۡү

סڣٻͻȻһǳҶŭĴ߽Ϲᣬʱˮ۽ð

Լ˶ĳ£ͼүϧڮѾͷ׾ĺڣҪҶҵĵճŮ٣ļ̳˸㱻ڹʵ̫ˡö˺޵ңǵĽìͷָ޹ãĶ𣿡

ٻδҶ˵ӣһʱԭذûӦҶһֱҧ촽ֱѪζĺ˺ۣѸٻ䡣ƫͷȥѾֻ߳Եϵĳٻ˵

ѾͷүӳԹ緹һֱһûôҪѻȥٻѲġ

ٻĿɿڴ˵Ĳʵûѡ

ûѡ֮ұȥ˳˵ͻȻ뵽ʲôƵģűһŮҵѵĳ

ʳָָų绤˵Ķʵ֤ΪҪЩһϵζ

ﱻָŵˡѾð仰˵ˣʱ˽㶼ۼ˳ϡ

ͨһڵϣĿ˼ͷ̧֮ͷ˵ٻȷʵҪЩѣСһЩС⡭ʱ˵ҪүԵģ˵УָոСܽ˻ᱻүȢţԺҵְˡٷūһʱϣûϱҷôꡭ

һϯݵ˶ԳٻµʶΥԼĽΪָϧˡ¼¶֮󻹲ɵҶСһѺڡССͣ˺ĳʵ˺ա΢õĲѧƫѧ׽ӵĴôͳôҪĻɫ

ƭӣȻҶƭ

ұ˷Žպһò׺Щˣո˯ûһͱ˳ѣ˵ٻ׽ڴٷǰȥ

ƣžͱһֻűڵϣµȫΧڱϣȴһߡ

û뵽ձľȻΪ׽áһֱΪųܣֲԼÿ롭ȲƯСãѪʱ򣬴ӱͱһ

ٻʶԼжôףҲ䡣ҶԴûкйӮĽȫڲ׽Ūһ

ͻȻͷЦҵʱ򣬶ͱҲû˿ΡȻѾ˺αװϷɲˡ

ƭӣʲôʱƭˣԼ޴ĸҿ˶ųñӣΪǵΪʲôǿʵ˸㣬ǴӣҶûƭ㡣

Ҵ󾪣վԭسͣ˵һ仰

ʱ򣬳ٻֽìͷתƵҶϡԳԵЦ˵ҶС㣬ûȻùҲ⣬շһἧ檳ȺЩ㣬ںúñӣǧҪǿĶ֣ѿһúÿŵģһ졣

Ҷõ΢ЦĻֻ֮ͷƫƫشлҸ棬һȥһо죬ֻǡûȵһˡ

ͻȻҩ̵ˡ



62

ԭҶԱţĴ˭û뵽ͽûסôһ־硣ҶʱϾˣ˽һ˳ȥѾſڵĴȥںȲԺ

Ҽֱţһֱƨɺĳٻ˵˴󵨵Ļһ޳ɡСµһжֻαװ˵ͣøһ˼ңȴŹҽĹ

ʱĳٻѾ׵ģѾΧЩ۹ⶼˡԳĵЦ֮󣬱Ҫ

ǱĴʹ˳ҵ۾ʵȥƣȻƿڴһ١úõһһثָ̣ˡиõѡ񣬵ͷʲôû̵

һ֮ڽôĴҾԴѾҪըˡʹԼǧԹޣ˵ôٶ񶾵ĻȻ޷ıǣǺһͬѪá

Ψ֮ʣҲֻ֮õĴ㡣֪Ҫôͼĵｻ

̧ͷ๫ѾˣաԼܱĺ꾫ҪãˣҶֻᱻһɣܻгͷ֮յġ

ڳ󣬶׷¶˾֮ɫȻ˲Ŀ󣬹ȻʤĶˡ

Ҳһ󾪵촽䶯˺ü£ȴҲֻţѾ˵

ԭþ⣬ԼͽԴ˵춨ڼλãһ뵽ó֮ʱǸԼͷҰģö˰ռңİڣ

ԱĶԲңһΣϲ˶¡ֻ΢һ£Ҫͷ

ʱűߵλͻȻһʹҶһҰ׵סԼĶӣֱֱԵȥһʱûӦҶҲֻüһУϦӦǰεķס

ҶԷɿ˽ȥֱץɫ԰ֽҶҲ鼱Ĵվ߱ЩѾҲ׷ӵ

ҶȥͻȻʵҶ֪ĸСѾͷͻȻһָҶµȹھеٷѪˣ

ŷ֣ҶɫȹѾȾںѪѪҺȾúܿ죬һ㽫˿Ⱦһ顣

˱ŵһһѾϡһ͵ˣӲǱݺᡣ֮һҶȥһİ⵽ôˣҵҵӰ

ҶԴʱѾסɫҰ׵ҶһУһߴ˶ѺϽȥѸڵĴȥ

ĻھһλѾ˳ȥ⼸ǰҪҶȴҶɫǳ˻ȥȫɢѿռ

ʱѾͷͱӡֽƿЩӵһѵˣͷ浽Ҷ£ȻҶ˵

С㣬ȰѴСƽ

ҶҲ֪֮²Ų㾡СĽƽŵϡ̧ͷһ˶ֻΧŸżһŭűð

ȫŸʲôϽȥˮ׼ɾﰡȥĶˣôȫЩͰΧܽô

ʱżܼһ˼ˣˡ

Ҷһѵ⣬ʶԼƺӦʲô˴Ҷ鿴Ŀյǲɢ˵ûСķԸ𣿸Ͻˮ̥ҩȥ

е˶ûԤϵһӾѹ֮һšҲˣվԭʲôҲ˵

ҶԽץҶһֻ֣һӸŶͷĺһ߰Բ⡣԰һõĲһ

ôʹı飬ʵ̬鴤ŵ֫Ϸôʹ࣬ɺԵѪҺҲԵôʵ

ȥ룬Ⲣƻڡ

Ҷ𽥷׵ƤҶĻˡ̧ͷе򣬴ʱԸҪԤ˵õҶ̥λȵϢҪ£ĸƽ

ȻɫȴԽԽء

˵ӣӦҪˡ

⻰һƿԼѾߣͬ˵ôᣬӲŰ˸£δʱѽ

̾һͬ˵ȷʵǲǰףңһĴӦĳֶиҩ£ǿдʹµ̥

иҩ˻æסԼ죬šæʣϱΣգ̥ܱȫ

ҡҡͷҲ˵׼ǿȥ׼ɡȽ˷ȥ

ҶƲסĵ׵ľţѾֲеҩﵼʵˡֻ֪ҶҪˡ

վƽŵѾ΢ʱջиŷֻصʮǰǸ£Ҷֱֽǰɫ࣬ĭ

ҶȫʹϾоΧе˺ﶼֹ̧ܵͷȥѰңǸΨһ

еļڿϤʱ˲ʣϹҡҷȹѹ߳ң

һҧԼͷϣѪζסĲʣɿȥѾҶⱼ

һ˲䣬ʹˡ

һֱ뿴ģ֮ʱı顣ɵűỬԼǰʱһѷĵڽʶ

ͻȻôʵԼڶԴߵÿһˣԼȴŪͼľȡ



63

Ҷ󲽵˳ȥȥĻл𰡢ϦҶ̵ģԼü׵ѾͷӡҶԽӲӵȻס˾Ҫȥˡ

ڴߴҲȥҶߣһֱȶɹȴﲻͣǿûɣߡҶѾΪƻô࣬ûҲûȨʱһֻصԭ㡣

ʹ֮Ҫͱ**ǿҡһɲǣƺԼеʹˮ

ˣղŴ˵ĻѾˡͻȻǰͬʱѾһĲҲˡ365С˵swww.365book.net

Ѿ߳ȥü˶ʱͣ½Ų֮پҶǸϱȴҳĿࡣΪΨһĳ

ƽǫͿʵҶѾˣʱվԼǰģһΪԼ򱧲ƽĹϵŭʵ֣ȫǲ

ҶҽĴС㣬Ȼﱻһͼͷϡ˺ͽȫȻûҶҿû׵һ¡Ѿ˵ˣΪ˲ɾĶһҪ鵽סǰȫͦǡʲô⣬ҶŹ񶾵֡

˵̧۶ߣϾʣҶԶԽһƬ֮ģ

ҶԣԾЩ¡Ҷ⼸ǴƣҶѾܺͻʶǼλٴˡĪ˵ԼĶͷӶ֪ݴҲÿɫԼҲΪҶŮͷΣŵ֪ݴ˵ʶô

ЩһֱͷƵأȴֻȢһңٻҶҶ״ϣǸ̵ӡҲǳ׼һ㣬𽥷ſ

ƽױ˶ɵһµĸñſʼоһЩҡһ뵽ԼҶԵаֻñ亹ֱðֻǸѾͷҶԣԼҲֲ˺ô

ʱٵλҶҼǧ谮һĵճŮסﰵıҲ˱ȻҶʲô飬ֻҲе

ɫҲһ˵˵üǣ˷ˡıҶʵ˴֮󣬷Ǵһȥɡ

ҶһŽĿƵ˵ϡ

Ѿ׵Ѿ߹ȥˣϷ˲£ҽһɡ



źҶԷѾͷ֪ȥһһС׷һյ˿̡һ˿⼸ûԼڡȻҶԸҩͼƽհԵСġ

Ҷ˽к⼸йصʳģԼҶﳷĻδüȫȻм飬ǷҵĸԴ

׷мⶼû⡣Լͬģ˶Ŀͣǹ˯ߵҩϡȫȻ˶ΪѵҶһۡ

˽Ի֮£Ҷȴ治ɫֻͬܲ飬ؼǺ˵Ķ

㿪ʼһҩڳ˶ס˺ȴĴ𰸡

һʱĲң򲻸ҩָ״Сƹ˵Ļƺɫֹǰ˵ӦǴˡ׳㣬иʳȻ̥ʳãǿд߲֮áǶиǸ̥ǰٺһ֮Ͷ֮ˣٷ˺δСүأòɫա

ˣˡҽûҶԵԶʧɫΪҵı㵱ˣȻ㣬Ѿ˸µĶ˺֣Ҫıɱĸӡ

ǺˣȻ˺ݶһϣͷŭ

治˶֪ǰҩݳҶ֣֮ûһ˸վָֻܶ˵ŭͷǲ

һʱ䣬չ졣ҶɨЩԼԼˣһҩȷʵץģм侭ץҩĴҩˡҩģҩȥ㷿Ҳôһε·̡ЩȲۣ˵Ƿ˻ɵˣԼ͵ҩ¶Ȼȥ׵Ľֶӣ

ôһ˵ҲеԼȥҩ¶ȷʵֻд֮Żôɡ˵ҶСͬٷ˸ôãԵ޹޺޳ģʲôҪȱ¶

ҶԶ˵̬Ȳ⣬۽ɨһԳĬŵĳҽãζ˵ϸһ룬ҽ㻬̥£ܵõĺôһֶֻó֮ģ޷ıʼɡֶѡҽƽʱΪͣ˵Թޣ˭˵˶š

һڳļ˷׷׵ͷѾæųƲϵôôº͵ˣĸû۵ģҲĹ֮ҵȾж̵Ŀ񣬾Բ

ǺǡҶЦһƽеɨͣ˳ԽҰ׵ϣָ˵ʵϣ⸮ôһλҪøȨ棬λԼСʡռ˸ȫ

˵ҶһɨǰĵͻȻվɿƶӳ嵽˳Ҹǰһ˫ĵӱгһĻȡ

ˣıóˣʱɿģ

ûϵͻȻìͷתԼϣһʱ侹֪ôشſ죬ŷӦŴ磬㡭㡭ҪѪˡ

ЦŽԽԽѹ²Ϻˣһֱסأ·ˡڳ׼һ˦ȥһ˲䣬ҶȴͻȻѸٳתߵǰЦ˵

Ѫˣ˵ûнԼʧ̵ҽϣ˵ûаҪ׽ֶأô㵱Ϸ˺ô˵棬˵ЩݶЩʸ£Ƕˣ

˵ҶȻ̧Լ֣˿ϻѪ

𣿶ˡ

һ˲䣬ڳɫǳʡѾŭ𣬿ҵҲѾȫȻ죬Ҳòŵı鿴ңʵ

𣿡

һæҡͷ֣Ȼ粵Ҷַˡ

ԭֻǸͼѾͷȴԼӻʹֶλС檱Ű裬𳤱̷ңѾñȥʹʲôýǧ˳ҪΪû֪ãԼػҹⲻ񶾵Ұġ

һ˵ҶͻȻһ£Ȼһɫǳ

ң޼ϵһ֪

һӵ˽һɫȻֹʮŮȫˡﴫȴ쳹˽ҹĶᡣ

еˣſ˵ںɫµ彿С˫ȴһɱ˵Σƣ·ɢ˵Ļǣʶڲ֪͸壬Ϥִҹɡ

ʱĳŹͻȻͨһ졣˶һຩѾͷ˵ϣһߴĿͷһ߽ҧס촽ͼסǷӵᡣ

ū澸ū澸үҶСͷ

лعָѾͷк£ٵ

ѾͷͣסͬĿͷʽֻҲֹס˺ü£źǶǰұڶ˵Ĺ﷢˼㡣ֻǶãδ롣룬Ļˡū澵Ĵû罫֪Ϸˡүٷ˺ҶС㣬ū澵Ĵ

Ѿͷƽպʵڶﲻ֪ٴȴ˵ʱ˲ԸȥźĶˣԴȥҲ˿ԹǳʵҺ˻˵ö˶죬Ǹѵġ

ʵ˿˵ģŵġʱ򣬼Ѿû˻ָʵˣȫڶϢȥ

˳ԼҲɵˣ촽ı粵ЩԣԸ֤æȵĿתн͵๫֪ģЩ˵İһһЩ¯ÿ˻ش˵ð

Ѿһ֮ڷô飬Ųй˻Ҳ֮˵Ļͬһöըʱը

ش

Ѿȫɥʧ־ĳٻҲ̲סȻô˵棬˵Υ£޿ɾҩĴ

˵ɫѾϳɫǸҶͳأǷֱóġ

Ҷ˵гֵ¶ɣֱָ˽㡣뵽ʹʧ˺ӵԸʧ֮¸ɳпܡ

ͷһ٣ҶǲưոݵġܵԼɣֻ˳ҶԵ˼óΪΪۡ

üë˦Ұ֣ҶԸҷź򡣡

ҼţȻѪ飬ԼոһٶСʱΪƽ׼ܼҷƾʲôƾʲôҪܵ˴Ůˣڴ齼ͬ˵ˣԼǧ˳ˣҶҵļҪԼ

˻ߵĺţҶԶЫĹΣѾͷݳ˺˼ȡֻǣ꣬ѾҶȥ

ˣ˳ٻ𾪣ȫһĮȻ˻ֻ߸˵ĿϷ

ڳұϳȥ֮󲻾ãۼűߵͻȻ߳һֵĸˡǿڵϵĳٻһۣԵЩ̡ǳҪ˵˵˳

ӣҷͻȻ

ͷĿһۣ£

ʱվǳ֪ΪΣһֱȺûɢȥֿ˳ٻһۣŵͷȥʵٷҩ¯Ļһֱūڿʱ򣬳ٻʱҹҩ¯Ĺҩ֮ǰū澻ר̲鿴ģûʱū澲δ룬ʱϸϸ·ǿٻͷ˵ʲôġ

һȻٻʱıѾݡܵȥҶԵı飬ȴײһ˫۾ͻȻӿһһĿ־壬Ҷ޵Ժ

ʱ򣬳Ҹպñ˼˽֮µ˺ۣںѪҺȾʪ

ҶŤͷĿһϢĳһۣٻͷԼʱдʤЦ⡣

˵ԭǱΪ顣ҷôôΪҶΨһĵϵѪͼҶ˵Ķ񶾸ˣͣԵҶ˺۸

ٻһڣ׵˹ȥ

ʧ㣬ħһŮ˵ͨĹС㡣



64

ʱĥҶڲһӡΪԵʣǳƨɵʱҲֻĺһ

ҶԿͰ͵СǸӡҽѾȥ˲񷿣һͻȥãᰴնɱ˵ûпĹԱشֻҪִ

յĽҲãҲգͬûκιϵԼ컯

ʵϣҶȵͨİ̥ҩЩն˳ҽĩϦ˲עʱ򣬷Žҩȥġʱ̫ңû⵽ºҲûȥ鿴ЩһӻҩԣֱҲû˷֣Щҩݾʱһ

ԣϸ˵ҶͳҽòûֱӵĹϵȫֻҶԼԭҲǳʱͳҵ¡

Ҫ˵ҶݺԽҲΪõģǳĵıײԼ˶ʱѻԹ޺Ͳף·ģʵһֱԼ

ڳٻҶԸǲȥھٻҪ֣֮˵Ĵ뱲Ӿôٵˡ

Ů˵λµ˹һֵǽΪ˴ﵽԼĿģʹֶǿн˵Ļ֮УȫĵΪ{}ܱԭ¡{}֮{}ٹȥ꣬ٳֶٸٻԸҪȡֶΣԶ䡣

ҶոմӹŹػѾƣߡСӤҲ׹磬ܰҶִ˴СһգЦһ롣

һҪЩ󣬺úñ衣

ʱѾҹʱ֡

Ҷƣ߳Ҷķ䣬㿴Ĭվ£ŵҹĻ壬Щģ塣

ʹǸϤӰƣ˲ŷһ϶ǿӲ뺷ҶС㣬һ˲ίСŮˡͻȻǰȥס֣ס˵һҺۡ

һԲ߹ȥ־Ҫȥǣ֡ȴϵأڴɲǱ˦ҶԴƬ̣Żعʶʱй̵¶Ȳƹָ⡣

̧ͷʵôˣô̡

ںڰеӰһûлش⣬ֻ΢һС˳ô

ţѾ˯ˡ

Ҷ˳Ļ˵ͷֻԾɻĿһͷˮʺš

עŵȴıܿĿ⣬ߣ̨ȥ߰ɣȥϢһ

ŶƶӸȥò׷˵üͷʲôˣȻôֱôӲ

һ촽Сܼ׷ȥ׷ʵ㵽ôˣ岻𣿡

ǰŵ˾͸ǰһɿĴߵ·һͳŻش˵û¡

ҶԱʱôȻ˵û£ƭء߿ȥȻעʱһץס֡

˵˵ҡ

˵꣬ͻȻһκݺݵ˦֡

Ҷ˵ûˣ

ҶԱͷסˣ˦ǶжĻƵġƫƫҲ˵ôô֡

񾭽һϣҶԴʱ־롣Ҷ߳ʱ򣬿һ˵ʵǷǳǳжġԭΪʱǶ໥ʱȴδ뵽̬ȡ

һҶԴʱҲʧȥԣǲǸðաôһˣܻСƵˣƢܣã

ƢһҶһţһǰߣһ˵ߵ˵˭ںˡ

ûһŲȽ·ߵĻ̳ſſشҶһģֻüôһԽǴܰŨĵ

һƺִ粽ǰæһסɫȫǵģˤû

ҶԭƫֳôࡣƤøǽһҲȣ԰һ۾һգʢĻһգûˤʲôˤûͻô

Ĭ

ĬһʱӿȴһϮץֱ۵¶ȼһϵҶԶоˡ

賿Ժǳɫ֮£վǰˣҲֻܿģӰӡĺԽԽ٣ץҶԵҲԽԽƶ΢΢

Ҷŷԣסʵ㵽ôˣȫộ˵žҪվȴԷͻȻס̵ͬĴѹ

ɫã¾ס˱Ũĵ㣬ŵҹĻľСûиԥĻᣬԵ˿ݣֱ롣

ʹûҩãõķΧҲҪ

ҶԱǿӲ̬ȱƵˣڵоİǰɾ֪ʱֻԭϵѾŲǰ棬ۼҪǰȥҶͻȻѹ

Уëڱ˼ҵͥԺأûôؿζ

һƿĳȻǲޱƿΣķʽĵطֵϧͰŮˡ

ǿסķӦѵĳߡҪվȻǰõĸоһֱԺþòɢȥֱĳʵһֳҶȥ

ʱҶѾ²µԵɣһߴӻһû˳ٻѣвҶ˵˶ٱ鲻Եġ

Լ֣ΪҪ˳קһѼԼϡȻӴŲԽԽζ

Ҳ֪ǰʲôģĪóٻɹǻ˴үĺ£ҿ޲ðǱˮȥ

·ʱ򣬸оѹϵԽԽأǿԴһֱͣϰӵǣһ󾱴ҶԽҧ촽һѾ˺ƨɣһһļƤ񣬾Ҳʼ

ʱͻȻץסҶԴϵֻ֣ȻɵԼ´Ҷ͵ʶͷԾҲ¡

һðҶ߳ŭһƿϵˣţƾʲôҪ

ôһƣӲײ·ߵļɽʯϡðס壬ȴֻ֪˵ʲô

ʵ¹¶һջҶصİ̾һ߹ȥȥ

̵ģͳһؿ˵ˣֻ׼Լ¶ȻԼ취ȥҸ㵱ҩŶûУ

񱾾ĲʱһҲԼǻáʹ˾̣ҪɾͲˣӺڣϺڡҾҩЧʱܣֲʲô㷢ͻ

ҲǾɨӣʱҲ˲١ֻѹҶԶߣһ޺޵š

ȻҶԶȴֻ쳣ϲС̧ͷ׵Ӱ˸ۣݼ䷢һΪȻͱǡ

С



65

ҲǳԵñȽٵԵʣҲΪ͵ʱѾ˹ȥܵĳӿǿ񹦰˹ȥĴȴǣˮӲʱʱһװ۵Ƥø͹Ƶġ

Ƕ˶˼ȥԾҲԽϣӲһԣֳĬҶأǺЦġЦ˺ð죬ȻԵ䣬ӽû¶¶Լ淸֮ģû鷳

ڶ죬ӵ˳̼Ҳ˴š˵ǼҪĿˣҪ飬ЩȥҶԭ뽫ҶֶӽӻؼȥסһʱģȴҶԾܾˡһΪﲻ˳©磬óȻҲûкô

οѾҵϱǸģǹҲ๫ӵĸסܽôҲѾע˵ġͷԲùȨǰǷծⱲ

ҶȰãκִˡû˰취Ҳֻ÷ЩȰοĻ˵öҲû壬ܰʵںޡҪԺҸչ黹ǵÿԼУϾܴȥ߽·

ֻߵʱ̬ȣҶ޹ʮ껹Ƕʮ꣬ҶԵĴ㣬ҶҾĴŮˣĹϿ̵ҲСҶաǾӶԶߵҶһǳ̼Ҷ׾ٵĽӴ˵Ҷܵί;Բһ׵ķŹˡ

Ҷ֮ҶԱҹŻؼҡڶյţ˵˸СӶǳˣΪҲԵšΪˣҶϻоƽ°ɳ

Ѿߵ·ϣһ·ĻҶҵүҶҢҶΪԵʣ붯ؼȥ֮ʱֵҵź򲻺ҶвԺʲôûȵʱҶӣٺͶҶҢһؼҡ

ҶԡϦ˶ǡһ·ϣҶԶƲ֣һԲƫƫҲӦϵһֱǻģ̫ڱ¶һ¡

һ˳ʱճ֮ʱִһǣͱ̼ҵڳߵ˵˼ʲôӺǽ

ҲԵЩȣͷҶѯʵԼһֱЩҪϹȥһ˻ؼҿô

šҶǵ˵ͷȻֲЩæʲô𣿡

Ҳ˽⣬Ȼؼȥһ˸㴫Ϣġ˵־Ҫ³ٳȥʱ̧ͷһۣ￴Լһַһ¡ָ˳ͷЦЦ

ҶƿżأһԾǣһ˦дžһ죬һ۳Ҷȥ

Ҳʱʼƶ³ҶԿĪһҡ

ѵϴڱׯǼ£ĸˣֻ¶ýֻҪԼ˵ûʲô⡣ֻΪҲûҪŪ˽ɣȵűˡͻȻ׹һͷֳǵ˵λرĿˣҪμǻģѵǺλйأ

˵ǣܿˡϾʲô˽¾Դ˼Ƿǳǵѡ񣬻ǰĵϢɡôһڣľۣĶۡ

ֱӴӲŽȥһʻԺͣϦҶ˳ֱСԺȥʱѾǰʱ֣ĵҲˣһСѾͷһӡšҶֵĺֽǰͷ⻹ҶԴҴĶ档

˲ŸոյɻͿѰΡѾͷԶɱ˹ΪһԵƣ벻ҶһСģϲܿƵĹЦ⡣һˣ˲£ͦġ

ܵǰϵĲӲЩѰһҶԣǱ˱죬űһ¥СǻˣȻһȥôãǶڼ˵仹Ҷϲ˲䣬Դ˿ǻ

ǺݺݵĵһۣԶѰεôðȻѾתŭüϲһĿȻһѶǰѾͷеĵѵ

ôԼǰ

СѾͷһ֣̿ƱҪ¹ҶԼ״ЦСѾͷ˵ʵȤŻţԼҪء

ڳ˶̲סЦѰο˿Ҷ󣬺ʵôû㣿

Ҷǣּǰߣһ߻ش˵ٸˣͬһ·˵ʱ̲סͷСļϣЩ˼һ磬ˡ

ʱ򣬲ǰĺعͷбһۣ˵ҪѾ˱ˮӣղű˵ˣȺϢȥͬ˵

Ҷԭûʲô쳣κı۵ùǺߵĻ³صԼѾͷź˸ˮ裬̹ѡ

ʱѾţԵ滨һ嵭ĺࡣԹ֮˯ˣͷһմͷƤسǧشûи˿˼ڤĻᣬһҹε

ڶ죬˸磬ȥԶҶϵ͡ȥʱҶλĸͷŴҳ

Ų̽ЩԾ漴¶˴΢ЦҶҲǴˣ˶ḷ̌ϥͷˣˡ

մ˼ɫȹɱӣ߸侫µ٣ɢŵȻĴڼ米ϣ˳˿ͷϰ˿·ɫǳ֬δʩƫƤ𪴵ƣݣüϸ

ϴʱƤӣжϲˡҶЦŨ֣û԰ɣһԡ

Ҷ죬¶һ׵ݣһһЦӦաḧݵļͷӳĵЦԽĶҡ

ĸŮͶԵü죬ʳ޲׼ҶҲûڷϺҶ˵ȥҵ¡

ҶϵͥԺ˴˵һ飬ʵ֪Ҷ

ʵϣϸ˵ҶϱԭҶĬ˼ꡣɲ֪ΪʲôҶϸܵһǿİȫУԸĽĸףȥ˵¡

ĸǸĴڣʹǺɵ꣬ѪܽεİһʹԼãǲѪϵĸŮӾϸܵѣ޻̸ѡҶǸǳ˼ںŮˣܴѧණ

ôһλʦѵĸףҶԾⱲ׬ˡ

ҶûоͳϽõ鷢ֻתתеķ飬΢ЦѾͷԵų͸Ͼɱδؾܽ⡣û취ķһӲ檣ҪѧȥͬദȨԼС

˵úܶԣҶȴô⡣ò˵ȷ˵ġΪ񲻻檣Ҳ檵ͷ

ĺˣ檵ġ

һӣҶûٽӻֻһֱŷ΢Ƭָֻ̣ܿ糣

˾ôһζҶͻȻʱͳ£һ룬ףʲôʱȽϺأ

ҶЦŮˡʱҲˣ㼰Ҳһˣǰͬ˵¶˵Ǽ̶̫ˡͬ㸸󣬱ȥްɡ

С˳ҪǧټƵĸʵ֡ȽǣĲŻͷԣʲô飬ֻҪͨͲˡױǺ£ȻȻûвͬĵҲ͵ˣٻڼ

ĵҶϵֱۣЦżСءҲڼҶＸꡣ

ɴˣСҶϲȤֻЦů͵ġ

ʱǰ˵үӳ̼һˡҶԾ֣һĻĪҹޣ

ʼҶϣ֪ȥ˳̼ң˵Ҫ̣һ϶ûظҶʱ򣬳񱻼Ľ˻ȥȻҶȥǳʲô顣

Ҫѯʵʱ򣬱˶˵ү˵СˣСĹ˵ھȥǰԺ˷Ҫͬ˵



лҪ˵

ĵĸ߳¼ʹĻҿԾĴ⼴ĹѪ¼~~

ʾǣ޹ع𢣬޹սѪ

66

Ȼɻ󣬵ҶԻЦӦ¡Ҷͻ֮󣬱һ˷žͿüһɫҶ԰Ѿ˸׼ǰеĲյˡ

ҶԼıɫ΢ÿЩĲӣƲסеĿɬЦŹҶԵŮȥһ˿ɿţûб۸

˭ôӸ۸ҶϰĹŮҶ̲ס

鸣˱۾ͷЦ֮ȴͻȻ뵽ʲôƵģЦݽÿɬ˭ôӸ۸Ů

ҶЦ̾һмͬ˵˿ǧҪѹ

šȻ֪Ƕôص飬ҶҲĪκΰ̾ҲǲС¶Ҳ˽˵

Ҷ򶨣ﰵοСķӦ˵ص㣬йӵĻ¡

⻰ҶԳԾתͷȻûϵǹڻ¡ǵĻʮǰѾˣǿû˲֪ġɿʱı飬Ӧǲõ¡

Ҳ룬ֻҶ˵ǿҲ֪İɣλةࡪԥˡ⴦ʱ򣬿æ˲ˡƫСõˣõԥ˵ʶ

ţЩҶ֪ġ˵λʮةƧɢ顣ƫŻı˫ûʵ϶ĳ谮ǳеλصȨ

ԥиͬãСһ·󣬺׺˵ھʱֶйһЩʡŮ󵱼ޣǰȥ˵ýҹһҲƲϣƫˡ˵Ҷ̲ס̾һĴŮλʵԼﲻİ

ҶЩţֻǴɴ۾ŷӦֻÿЦãĪϲС¶ţǲȥոˡ

˹⾰Ҷϰ̲סæֽ˵λСһ˵лԼȣ˵Υԣҽ顣˵ŵʱҲһȢȥͬʱްġ

Ҷ˵⻰ԭΪ˰οҶԣҲõ죬ʹı˵ĻҶʵڲ֪ôӦ

ةǸʲôƷȻ֪οǵȨة࣬ǳоλĺүҲò˵ةþܾôٹҪ޸ǳڶõĳ谮ΪȨţλԥ˶ýⳡ׽ɹ

ֳܸ̼ϲݵλһ̼֮ŮչռƵġ㱻޹ȥҲֻ檵ķݣûةýݵĵǳ̼ҵӣ⸱̬˵̼ҵ̬Զ׼

ô˵ǰżҲΪ°ɡ

ҶҲζôŵĹŮʮǰͶµ£񾹵øҡҵĽʮĸ飬ôҲͬġҶŮĶ޲˺˼ңƫ¶

ֳ̾һûˣһ䣬ת㡣˵һ·ҪúϢԻ¶ȴһδᣬ֪Ǹʲô뷨

֪Ϊʲô˵ת˻ԭЩĶʱʡüĨҲһɨգҶЦŶҶ˸ôûŮɾҪˣûȥĽߵܵء

Ҷ̬ȣ̳ϻô꣬ʱĿŮʱҲõϢֻûӻ֣ʾûˡ

ɿҶѾűߵıӰҶϰβֶ˼֡Ƭ˵ѾͷҪǾί۾Ͳˣ׼Ѱõķ

ѾһֻȥҶԻعͷһЦͷŮзִģİɡ˵ͷ˳ȥ

ĵ⣬ӲӵɫȾͥԺȶ֮£ζ

Ȣ˱ˣ۳ʲôԭʧȥΪҲҪ޸ɡǰųĽˣΪȫڵҶԣΪȴΨһҶԡ

Ҫ޵ԶֻһˣͬģҪȢҲԶֻһˡ

ʵϣһֱšһҪ޵ġôƾһˣûɢǡ

ҶСһүҶᣬ֪⻹ɺϣӳҶһ죬ҲҶһաɵǣӳԵ쳣ټ̥СǸҩӡ

Ѿ꣬ȴͬһߡ꺢ͯƵģ飬ټĸԭǸѾһԵʣЩԷ˲٣ԽĬ

Ժ˸ҡСҶεҶҢڻ𱬵ӣŽӴЩʱգֲǡͬࡱ㽥Զˡ

ҶҲΪҶԵʣܲ˻ϲϲףΪˣҶ˸ϰߡСգðġȻȻģճŮգǼûʲôڸеүҲ˵

ҲΪԭҶԶܴЩǸ⡣ԸҲܻ鲻ԽǸССľ͵ĻĹ

˷֮ҶԲûлԼݣȥԺӷȫ෴ԷǰԺȥһ·ˣ׷׶ͣ½ŲؾصĴк밲żĴѾߣ˵ϼ䣬ҶԽ΢Цȥ

ԷǱһƬС֣ïʱƬһűµСˮͤò˵Ҷҵ⴦լӵʱ˴󹤷ġ

ֻԺתƣķ羰ѾˡҶԺͤҵҶᡣЩûǸģһʵĻɫ£ںڵķ˿˳ͷϣһɫ̶סʱҶרעе顣

Ҷͬȥһûǰȥֻ֡ͤӱߵʯɽǸԼıӰ

Ѿǵʲôʱ﷢ˣҲǰҲǸ硣һζûǰȥÿζĿһȻ뿪

ʱֻҸطķſһԼȴԼʶռءʱҲԴҶεҶҢ߹ȥͷһԼһ㡣

ֻоۻټϲܼŵߵܣȴһεĲƿζ߲磬ͻأĴȥƬֻ

㿴ҶҲ֪ʲôڿһҽҶʱƺҽҩܸȤҲѧ÷ǳ졣ǣ˸ЩҩĻ汾ҽ顣

ҷ˺ܶ£дһλ˵ةةãĻᶼûСȥɣȻ⵽ǼѾͷһȥҶεɣֻ»ֵܡ밲Ĵһ⸮ˡ

˼ȥƺѾ⼸ϰߡÿÿҪһ˴ŵʱ򣬵һ뵽ĵطûк׽Сûķ¡

֪˶õĴԼڤ˼ҶԱ㿴һ˫ɫ۾һֱŵ겻֪ʲôʱѾվʱͤǰĽһǰűɫƤҽ

Ҷв̵ľ룬ȴʹŵЩĨҩζŷ֣ԭʵС꣬Ѿ֪ðࡣ

䴽ȴֲ֪ö˵ʲôֻóЦЦʱ·ȥҶǵһ벻취׽С

ǸС꣬ɰվ̨ϿҶ뿪ãӰӶûŲֺ



ʱúܿ죬ת۾ձȥˡ

Щ죬ûиҶԴκϢҶҲûȥ̽ԼλةõҶŮʲô˵ʲôҲֻðżҶΣҲҲһõĽ취

֪ǲҶӰ죬ҶЩ춼оҽҩҲ˲ٲҩ˽һЩҽҩ֪ʶѧϰҲڡ

һգո׼˯ȴŻһ߶˵

С㣬ոӸ㡣

ҶԽӹɻĴ򿪡

ͷݵûʲôر˵μպڽ԰һ軨ᡣķСۻμӵò٣ҲСֻ̫̫ǽһر֮ɷĴ֡

67

֮Ҷڶ

ͬʱĻвٳķС㡣ҶҵĴ֮߶ҶεȫǸСԣְְŵġšۻȫûȤҶǹǰЩСȦвõģҲ䵥

᳡һҴϣ¥ǸλСϢõ᷿ͷԴöһӦȫۻõĲ軨һ¥Ĵ˸ߵ˿ͷβοյɴǰ뿪ŵʽʱѾ˾µֱ«έϯԼۺɫɴʡ

һֱе˶ϯλԥСʼû¶棬ֳкǵһλŮӡ

ȲһͨѾߣ˵̬乧ȴ΢෴оֹ䣬¶һȵԽС㻹ûӴҶԾû˺øС

ְԼһ£ǲϲİɡ

ҶԱҲλλģǳȥ֮ĿˣҲ˼ӵġ

ϴ֮ǰеСѾ߶˰ϡ˰ŷ̵֮⣬ûˡҶԵǸҵĶŮһĸۡΪҶҵĹϵҶԹϵҲҪá

˳ٳٲ¶棬۲ҶС֪ǵλգ˵Ǿġ

ҶԵ˵ͷţӦة˵á

ĹСȻίǾۻᣬ治֪ʲô

ЦЦҶûٽӸСĻ˶ûԷԸƷУȻû취ͼֻûȻԼͳйصġ

δڳ˶ûԾ۸˵λةõĺչ¶ɡ

ԼʱۼҪˣ˽һ˵ļư˴̬ҶԭΪλ緶Τ¸ĺŽ֦߰ˣƵǽСӰҶԲһҶü

⡭

ĹҶ԰˰ͷɫĴȹһ٣ʼ仹մ¶ĵɫһϸķ˳Ĵࡣ

½ǴӨ͸ˮ֮⣬鱦Ρǰ֮ҶԷ֣֬δʩռķۺȻɫ

ֽȻɲ֪ΪʲôҶܾߵЩŤƺԷЩͺ񡭡ŷѾСǰͷŶڡ

᳡˼ȶԵЩȣǵ̬ȺܿʶݡҶվԭЩ٩ʱϲû뵽νоôһӡ

ʱҲվǹҶҪӭԼĴ۾ԼһĨңŻ߷ֵһۡ

֮ǰҶԤΪѣôֲʧԵĻԷҪǰڸ̬ǿɱȻƻԶǸϲϱ仯ġôСѾͷƬӣƻöԲߣίʵ輶ԵСЩ

ҲضЩգǽɩɩء˵һҶԵĽǶȣպܿͷ˲ͷ

ôһ˿ʧׯСȴҶԶһµʶ˵ĺøУʼŵų˲١⡭ӦǸܵĹɡ

ΪҶϤȻⲻҽܡ˾ǻ˵죬Ųѡ

ҸûãϤءξۻͬûɩɩʶʶ׽׽Ҽԥһ룬ĽǸȡ˸ֻҲôҵģٺ١

˵ԹЦ˫΢΢۽һµĻȡʱ¶һŽݣδͬһǧһڵ¶һ޷Ĵ

ȻҶԵȤҲܴ󡣻˵㽫˰ԴҶϣˮ鶴˫գ˺ü£˵ĵһȴǡ

ҶһһĴš

ҶԻò΢ЦС鶯ͬҶŮ֮֮һʵҵ

⻰ȷʵòϵĿǰԲǳһ׵ˡӣӦҶϵģ˶̬ԵЩ䡣ܿ۽ǣҶһϼ

˵Ķģ㲻ҪϾҡ˵ͻȻ͸סˣȻ󻰷һתɿ˹ȥѹ̸ֳϲ

Եϳ֪Ƿ󡣵ܿʱǾʧеġ

Ȼһ̸硯ʵڴʹҶԵĶ䣬ֹҶԣǰ۶ô棬ǶԼС

Ҷֻһˮͷ¡λŰ裬ȫƾȨǿнĹŮӣܱ֤̬ȡ˿ɰĹԼſĻŮӡ

֪ӦãüκᱳѵĿܣӦþȫʮӴĶǼ˼ǨϲɵˣһӦ߳ǻʶĶڽϮڡ

ͻȻԼҲ̸һ̸ֻȷ̬ȣܽǰߡ

۶ôĸ飬ûйͨǿŴ

ԥҶԲЩɥ촽䶯˼£һ˵ȴֲ̫˵ӡʱһλ˵Ҷ˵Щʲôȴհû˵ʲô

ҶԳԼ˼δԥƵԼЩСĻǸ⡣

ƽһȦٿʱҲͽˡةฮģȻ׼óḻдҲܵʡյĻڣҶӦ鵯һӡ

ֻһû˼ŪЧƽʡڳٵ˶Ĳģƫԥ뻹һݣһ֣ŪҶԺΡ

´ʱҶ˺档ԥһȺ½ʶĽôӵǰ棬һ·˵ЦǳĻ⣬඼λСǰӡġ

߳գ㿴ϵһϤĳ̼ˣҲвٲʶ˴ˡһµм䣬ΧЩҸİһ߹̬˵ӦԥİɣǺɡ

ڵ̿ڸֶϣ˼̵ĽֱۣͦվĿбӵӣ߹Ӳ̵Ʋߣȴֲҷ׽±˪Ӵˡ

ʮδʱŽˮҶԾЩİƬ̣תԭӣĮ°ۿˡ̫ûˣֻúܲϰߡ

ҶԵͷ̤ë̺ӵݼܣǸ˶˪ΨƫͷĿ⡣

̧ͷʱ򣬱ֻ̨׵ԥһŤӰһǾŮ˵ˤ.ʺ࿴һ۵Ϲȴɿ˫ۣȵĽǸСӰס˻

68

ԥųֱվӣһС־롣Ŵһ̨ף˳Ʒһѣܰϰ

˵֫Ӵ࣬ԥס֮΢ϥʾлЩСвϵó񣬶Ҷҵ¸еһ̸ѻ

ȻΪӴ˷ǰǽδҶġתԥȥʱ˶ŤͷĿҶһۡ

ҶӵЩĿ⣬ͷԼ·֪ʲôڸѿ̫ܲôһСѾͷƬӶģʲôʲôĲӦãҲˣҲܻ

ϵðѾߵǰʿķԥ˳ȻԼԾһ׼㿪ǰʼƶӦ׼ظˡ

һ߹ҶԵֱۣүʶ֪

ԥԼԥСнסںӶҪеΡǸȥӰҶüġʼնûпһۣʲô

ֱ۵ĸСԺİţҶģպúϦӭ˳븣۴УѾͷҶҵ

ǰڰѾղһĻ˸ףһϳͿʼԹ

үôˣҿԥʲôСҲǶཿӣȻΪôСĴڡ

ҶԱۿ֪ǸֱĿģûά񣬸ǿԼҵСίһ뵽Ƕ˹컯֮£ǵСƵδǰӾ

һʱﲻʹ죬ֱԹʲôĽ֦Ҷ㲻֪ܣͥİӹʵѿ

ҶԱз꣬ʱԽü۳ʱ˵ԽˣةฮеС죿ƽڼұ㵱֪δ㣬ʲôطС̵ķִ綼˶Էô

Դʱ־дŲͣӲǽסҶƽǣƤҲ˽֪顣һѵ⣬һӦίͷһۿжڴת

ܿʶԼԽλԥСȷʵԼӵݡһϯǴȥС㱻˵̵޷Ů꼰Ҷңة˲

ˣ׹ҧʻȥҶū֪ˡֻСίΪԹ

Ҷתͷ̾һǷȻεҪ֪ٴһѹˣοѹʲϵةһ顣δ䣬ԳЦɲԭֺڶ



²żôһ棬ȴ仰û˵ϡԭú̸һ̸ģؼ֮ҶԽԽǱȫ̬ȣ˵Ȼһ취ȹѹء

ûȥ̽ԥԼ̼ҵΪĲĸ֡ȴرľ棬ĪʱˣλС̸ǰ̸ˡ

ҶҲǸƢһ˻ȥʢŭ֮ʱˡ˭ϡ˭뷨Բȥ

һլĴ鷿оҽ顣żȥҶ˵˵ʱҶεһʵڷƲ˶㵽ҶСʱų

һ߰չȥˡҶһλĿˣͬʱһĻһŷƸļҶ

ͷǿҶⳡϵĺѡеĿҲǳȷ˵ˡ

Ƹɲ򵥣ȴС㵱ɷ˲ֹԶԶĿһ̧ۣƸԼĪжʮˣ׳Ҹɫʮ㡣ԺҶС˵һ֪Щ׳ӣԲۼҵĻԺʦ

ҶҲȤСѰθǰˮʵ֪ļҵˣʲô

Ѱξƺһڲˮ䷢༸죬ˣ˵Ǹϯң˴θıϯүǸǾǺʮǧϯүҵˣ

ǣϯҡ

˻֪ҶʮǿȲؾ鷿ɲǰݵġ֮಻ȤŨˣ˼ЦЦƫͷ򰲾վߵϦ

Ϧϯ֪٣

ʵԴվ治ɫĴҡ

õ˿϶Ĵ֮ҶƲסĵ˷ܡǰС˵ɿ˲٣֮Ҳ˲ٽ͵ĹκȦʵ̫СЩӴҲЩҺԺķС㣬ҲլԺǽճ¡

ʱˣʹˣʱ塢ֵ̼ƶū֮⻹һȺ壬Ǿֺͽ

һ϶ǵϯңϰ䡣뽭򽻵ϻ̻ĴԪ˧̫ƽʢ⣬·ҵʡ

ļ壬Ұ˸Ӷ򲻵һģ֪¾ôϡҶǿѹļеֿѰΣʵǣ

С㡣

ѰεҶԤڵĴ𰸣ͻȻá˱ֻӵСһԼĴϣȻվʼӴת

ˡεѾͷ

ȻҶǷݼֻǲĿΪССĻ

ͬһʱ֪ȻҶεԺ̵Ŵӳ˳ĵġһ󺰵С

պһڸȥôһţȫ˺һʹŲӣһظƫԽǺԽ²ȥǸȱȴԹǱ㵸вϣѹûע⵽챻ﱳˡ

Ҷεòץ͹༸ڲ㽫ǿڵȥһ߲ߵĲˮһתͷԹĵס

Ѿͷô

ŷӦ־ˮաԿƲסϲãЦұأСĻڶ쵽ˣС㻹곤һ꣬ûءοСô֪ٹүĽٺ١

Ҷεһӣ֪û״ЩӣС㣬Ҫ

ʵСǼģõģֻǲѧϰر𰮳ԣûСôһֱܼ޸ɾġ

ҶεˣȴһŵĿظһĻҪˣ

أүͷѾӦˡЦŴ

ˣҢ˵˾ͲټĸףټԣټҢ硢硢ɩɩɩɩСˡ

˹ʶ֮Ҷε৵һ±գ˼۾ɿĳȥܵʱﻹš

ҲŲҪˣ



69

Ҷε壬ʱӶƽҶҢŻЩʲôû˵Ǹ˹ְҲȱ첲ȶȱ۶ɫʲôѽɫˡ

У˵Ŷֲܿģĸô˼ǾֵġҶҢ˵ˣ˾͵СޣɩɩʹȥԽԽÿ£Ǳܱ߽ͷҡ˲˹ġ

ʱҶҲҶȥҶǻ̫СҲֻᵱ˵档ҲֻҶεôһѾͷһðѰѹأԲ

ŵʱѾյ»ߡΪĵļȸԾ·Ҳû̫ǰ档֪Ҷεôɿĳ˹ҶԵʱɲɲסˡ

ҶԸոоһɾ磬ͱһײ˸ţ㱻ƷȥܲҵģƬ̺ɵĴ󻨺ֻͨһͳ˺㡣

ԣ

Ҷε㷴Ӧ˹ɲ֪ɵѾͷǱ˻һֱŷе״̬Ҳͨһ˺ȵҪˮ˲ԼѹͲˮæֽŲõ

Ҷ˳һϵˮðֱݵιȥһѽǺ˺üˮɵԭ䣬ɿǿֺݲˡ

ԼϤһĻҶһůǵСʱҲйôһΣҲʱҶεĺ֣ͷ˺ôľĹѾˣĵҲôĵԼˮҲΪһеֻǡ

˵ҶεԺܸܲǵ¶ôιҪˣ

Ҷεû£һ˫ֹסĲӣЦ˵ҪĻ˵ġ

Ҷһ۵ȥҲ˵ˡ

ͬһʱ䣬ⳡˮĴϷӵҶĻҶҪȥҶߵĳȣȴͻȻһ󺰡δӦߵҶѾ˳ȥ㿴Сˮŵô󾪣ڼ˶ûˣųһ

ʱѾѾѶֽſĺܿ͸˶ҶԼҶ΢΢ҲҪȥô

ൣĵĿ˿ͷţҲΪĹ¡˵գæּϽȥʪ·ҪɾͲˡ

ҶԵ˵ͷǰЦſһŵҶᣬĹеߵҽˣҹ㼸ģ򣿡

Ҷص˵ͷȻû˵ֻͬǣһһֱֱҶԵ۾ϸ˫ɫпһЩҺͽŵӰӡ

ҶקҶε뿪֮ʱͻȻ˵һ仰

ƤˮԤ纮

Ҷ۾عͷǳԾҶԸӳԾģҶߵĻࡣû뵽ȻҶ˵һôԵĹػ͵ġ

֪ˣлл㡣ҶתãͷֳЦЦ֮󣬲ԼȥĸҲķҶӼǰⲻһʹС¹ʣҶεĻƽϲ֮⣬ûκα仯

ȻȴôһˡһЩϸ΢ı仯ʼĳһˡ



ҶεŻ·ĿյҶԺһ߶Щ˹ֵۣҶԸԸѡʧԶΡĹȴǲɵģã˽

ԣĸ˵˵ɡĲҪ޸һ˹ֵȳȵĻĵĻһŵĴɫǡ

ǰ۵ﳶԼȹҶľǰǸֲ²⣬ѾʵУЩʲô߰ȱݣô͸Ϊһء

ȻѾͷˮƽԽԽˡùȴλδıϯӺıף⻹涼ûأһ˼ȳֻĵȳȴɫǣһƽױ˶񶾵

Ҷε޷ӦһתԶԸæҪ˵׺ĸףǼֱǱȵ컹š

أҲҪ޸һĴܲ

Ҷ̲סˣ߹һ߰ͷһߵողɫôôֱɻĴܲˣ

ǲĻʲôҶεӣ

ҪǻĴܲأ㻹ô

Ҷεһ׼ڡȴҶ翴ͼס˵ǳ˹֣෴ӢòˣҲ̰ܽͼɫķ㻹ô

С⻰˳ĬҶԱЦЦͷϲһԼֹ˳˳һͷ˿֮󣬲źһһߴһ߼˵

Ҫ˵ˣڸ׺ĸǰŲ޲ޣһúòı˵Ī˵ԼԸ⣬Ҳǲ׼ʵġ

Ҷε¶ĵ˵ͷһмҶԡȴȫȻûʶԼָҶƽȦȥֻãȻվԼһߡȻˣҪ޵ġ

ҶԼҶүǰкˣҶനڳĲׯϢҲѸٵĸ˻

ŮǳȥҵĶ֮⣬ĶҶѾ߻ӣֳһƬЩ꣬һΪҶ̫ԵʣҶεҶҢһٲȻһҰѾͷļơͷ֪ҶʵһλҶС㡣

˼ǹϲءƽǰһӲǱŪ࣬˵һ仰ʱ򱻶üˣץҶԵء

ҶϿе֪ԷȷǸǸϯҡҶεҲȷǼСϯӡҶԷбĿȷֱָҶСҶε

ջֻǰ˵̧ʮӵĶǵʽƸ죬Ȼ¡ط

ԷôѸȷɣȴϯǰЩʱ˳ˣȻ㱻ڵҹ¡ϯλɮǰɮ˽üɫһڤ˼á۾ʱֻ˵һ仰

䣬ص۷ܼЧȥϴŮʮ壬Ҷεԡ

ɮ˵Ļ֮ϯ˴ϷѰǣһ֪׸ҶȻûپ˳ҵҶε

Ĺ£˽˵ԵעҶԴʮǰ֮󣬱㿪ʼֹԵ֮˵˲ͬĿҪ˵Ǿ븡ԶĽͨѡСʮգ߹ٵһ£·ϲκε

Ҷϯռ涼ͬҸôԶûʲôϯҵĵλʼҶòϵġҶһŮȴܼһ˼ңңҶܲĻŭš

׵ĺܣ˼ҽ׵ζʲôǽºڰٸҶӵġ˺£вӦԷΪ˽ӵ⣬ҲϣԽԽõġ

ǣ·ɿĶҶҿʼ˽ܹĵ׼֮СͬʱҶһҲ׼ϲµģг̼ҡ



70

⵽ô£Ϊʲôһؼұ˵ҪȢԥС㣿Ужˣ˵ǳ̼Ѿʼ׼ةฮĻ¡˵Ƶδ޾ҪΪҡ

Եúܼټһ·ʱһ˵ô໰ɵЩࡣ

֮ǰҶѾԺĿе֪̼ҴտʼΪºʢ׼Ԥ֮Ĳ

֪ʱӦ̬ϢһӦֻǲţһһأšھǸʱɫ۱մȾųϸ΢塣

֪ǸɾˣģǸջصңһ˵Ϣ·˹

ڼ춼˵ֻϵıӷΪΪѹﲻɸҧҧҶ˵ԣ㲻Ҫѹû뵽Ȼˣ֪ģҡ

˵һ룬ȴӲס£˵ʲôǳ԰οҲֻԼԵͻʧԼ

Ҷʲôסһ㣬أѡ֪ΪʲôͻȻǴΣܾԼ뿪ߵʱ˵

ӽҶԣǳ񡣵鿪֮ʱ㻹ϲңҡһϲ㣬Ȼǣ֡ԼѰԼ氮

Īǣϲԥ룿ţǰһɰܲġֻǣġԸţš

ͻȻһվҶҧһӣȻǶԸ˵ţ

ߣȥǻ쵰ѻ˵

ûϵתô죬һʱסԭûзӦһʱҶѾԹߵűȥˡβһ˦׷Ĩɫȥ

ҶûѾ˵ȥĶŵʱ̴ѯʣҲʲô˵Ǽ¶׹⣬ֱֱľͷ塣ﲻ׼Ҫ׷ȥȴĸһס

սȥͷ˵һСһ·ȥүˣ粻Է

˼ǸҵСү˳ӵĵ˵ͷڻͷǰС׷˷ɻµİŮӡְȥϵĻƬһ



Ҷһ̼ңͱſǴɫᡲλۡȥǿǰãԤ֮еģŴŵǽϸ߹һִֿ˫ϲ֣Žߣٵƽ

ȥʱԥС˵ĿڳߣЦݲã˫շ졣ΪߵԵʣЩƮתɢƯơֱڱϣִ࣬΢ơ·վŵǸˤһµĴޡ

ƺָǸϲ˵ʲôλ˸ӡƤ͸𪣬Ҷй֮޲ۣȴ˿᲻˫ɫͫɫȻ󡣴ʱбϣ޳ϸָһûһµô棬۾ǶųԥģôôΡ

ҶһӵĻͱֻ䵭ɨһۣͶעϡԶߵԥ룬ֻ¶

ʵϣĹĵĽϱ˱仯̶۾ԵⷢɢȻ󿴼ڽ۽Ļ˳

ֻǣҶ̫ԶˣʲôҲû

Ƚɣةˡ

Ҷ׹ԭǱŮ˻˾ԥĸ磬ةԥˡ

ϾѾǳˣȻƢӦʲôʱ򱬷ֵʲôʱסȥһٶͷȭͷ̧˽ȥ

ʱԥҲعһ̧۾ͿҶ߽ɫĳȹĵƤѩףûʲô飬ȴҲȷλˡ

ŮҶԼةˡ˵꣬΢ϥͷԥһҶл֮ߵһߵ۾ֱֱһߵĳ

ʱҲߣǿҶһۣҲŤͷǷŭԹ޵ݶӡ

ԥҶԹԵúܸˡ˫ִϥϣĽӣ׽ȴֵӲҡҶԼŤͷдԵһֱͷתͷԼСҶ㡣

ǵС̵Ҷ۾ɬŭԽͣҪ࣬ըǻƢԣȻЦһĸ߹Ȼؾвмһ˵ĳЦΪʮȫİա

ɴʱԥǸԭԼˣȻһû˷򡣾ͷ·ǰ˸޴ϣû취ԼķԼλá

ƳͷûԥʾãҶԾԼһ仰Ҳ˵ԥ룬ΪһôСԼûƷʧȡֻҪһͻ᲻ŭϲ

䵭̬ʹԥΣеڴҲʧЩĵ򴽵ͷȥ

Щλϵԥ㿴һٿҶԵѾȫȻǰһƽˣüмŭ⡣

ҶС㣬˴ƺʧա

Ҷʢŭ֮£һʼͶⲻвŮĹƨةûкøУһѵ⣬ȴǸͷüһۣϢ䷢صһߣ𣿡˵ջعͷҲûٿԥһۡ

ԥЩŭԭͲôõʱǳͣôĶֱҶԳԭҶŮġ

˶ŭ΢ҶԵӣȰҪײةˡֻӸڵɨʲôҲû˵ԥ룬æԥȰο磬ûµûµġҶ㶨ǽ鲻ãκǼõġ

Ҷ飬ԥĻ£ֱԥĿ⣬˷ǲľ˴¶ὲϲ鶼ˣĪǻҪЦӭ

ԥ۾мܽҴ֮ԥãҪĶһõĪ˵ǻδɻ飬ķޣҲøҿվ

Ҷıŭˣģû᲻ҪƤġǿȨȡᣬʩѹȴȻǣҲΪǧеȨƣ߹ȥһӳŰϡ

еȭͷգָĵƤĬţΪҶңΪ̡̧ȥı飬ӳȴһأԴ˵䵭

һ̣Ѹٳ䡣㻹ûеõ𰸣ʱ̬ȣѾ㹻Ϊ֮䡣ģʧ

ʱ򣬸Ѿվһ˵ŸĻһƾҪϹҶۼ⣬ɿվһץס֡ڻͷҡͷᶨɡ

СΪȥ¹ǻã衣

ָץŸڵֱۣҶԽĿٿԥ㣬˵ŮҰǵةˣ˴ֻǣŮԥСʵϲϣة˲Ҫǿȡ

˵ҶԷζŨЦЦǻǿȨȣҶԼټҲǻġ

˵ŸתҪߣȴԥں˵ӿͲ±ٿͷô

ǸʱҶһ䡰ͷ

ܣֻס𣬡Ůһδɱˣδةֻ죬Ҹҹڷߵ//\\//\\//\\شŮ֮⣬˻Ŀӣ˹

˵ԥǶԼҶ̲סֶһ䣬УϣةҪԼԭŭǿʩŮϣŮ΢ؼ˵ĳͲ

Ҷ˵֮󣬾Ÿڳȥˡԥ㶢Ǹ뿪ıӰЩǰһʼҶԵ֮ǰԭΪڲصüõģȴ뻹Ǳ˳



71

ҶŸڵַɿŷߣɣ롣һͷȥһۣ¿СеǣԼеαǿ˲̣Ȼȫ޵Ĵ޳ʮ꣬ͷһΣԼ˾ضˡǱ˳ôôġ

˺ܿ͵˴űߣʱиѾ߿첽ܹȻסҶԣصС㣬С㣬ү˽ȱߣҪ˵ء

ҶƺѾüδ̺ˡѾߵ죬Ҷ̺ϵǰѾߵſ֮󣬾ԶȥҶߵ£Ȼ߽ȥ

̺ڴǰĺķϣűĲӣϻŸСɵ̡ҶԽæеĲӣҶ˫֣ǵѾͷơ

ҶԹؾصйŴͷ߹ȥЩ̺꣬϶ϱһ۰֮Ĺϵܹĸӡ񣬺˸ԥ룬ҶʮӦҲû̬֮ˡ

һҶЩҶȤ̺һ飬һֱ΢ЦϸһֱҶ˵£ðû˵ʱ̾һأQsuucm

ǳ̼ҶԲס㣬ǴʱҲֹס㡣ãô꣬Ǿ䡣ǣԥʵﲻİۼʵˣǵýСġʹ˵ǶȻҪȢģҲøΪϱɡԥѾ˰ɣͦĺӣദҲûСƢ⸱棬Ҳû취ġʵһǴͬŮҲްġ̥ʱ򶼿㣬϶ί㡣ô¡ǵġ

ȳ̺˵꣬ҶͻȻվȻףһжƣһж޿κΡҲףŶԳ̼ҶһԹԶûСǳ㹻ĿռΣܴΪһֱãĵ뷨ʼһġ

ǣʲô׾ٵЭ̬ȣ޷ܵĶЩ˴ĵߣûбءҪҲֻƽȵλϡֻƬҲãͻ̯ƣʼĩͽҲÿҲԼλá

Դȴ˳̺ϣҶԴͷڳ̼ҵĴԺ¹ŵͭ緢죬ǵǰ͵ȥģֲڵǰŵǸȥ

ͥԺСʯűߣҶԿ˱ֵĳΣ˼īĳ˿͸׹ӡһ˿˾µ񶷹̶۾úڷͫ˲ֱӣ·ôһۣܴ͸忴ġȻǸֱͦıĮյĴ

ϵÿһôϤʱã֪ĺһָͷ̥ǣ֪ĶһŰڵ롣֪ʳ±ϲĲӣſ˵黰ƽտôϿһˣȴʮһգֻèһĥŻѡ

ͻǸˣǸֻģˡʱţҲоһ˿һİΪʲôҪڳ̬ӲվסŲǦһٲѡ

ҶתĿ⣬ȥôˣѾϰ˽ʲôίʲôƽ£ܻ˵ڣʱһĵί㿪ʼᣬͼ

ֻǣ̼ǵãίģôѰ

ԭֱ߹ȥȴ䲻һץס

лҪͬ˵𣿡

ҶʱһҪ̸鶼ûСֱ̧ͷ֡Ҳ֡ҶԵɣŤͷҪߣֿ죬һָץסҶüͷ治ɫĻˡ

ʹ˼£һҪɿļûСҶ֣ԭǲ˵ģȴƲס³ЩԹ

ʲôϽԥȥϽġ˵ţһһֻȥٳϵָͼɿ

ʱȴһҪյ˼ûУСϻƵһڣ鷴øá߽һĨЦ⣬ʲôõģҾһͷӣ㻹֪

ҶԱޣǿסеᣬ̧ͷݵٺ컬࣬Ͻ֣һһ붼ٿ㡣˭˭˭Ȣ˭

Ĵ֣קøһЩȻ߱˵ó緹ˣʲô֪ҪȻó׼㰮Եĵˡ

û¶һҶȴһǰ˼ۼžҪ̨סͻȻһӾǿûģ˦֣һȻ

㹻ˣ

ǰĳסعͷһĿ

㵽˵𣿱ʲô˵һǸһֵڡҪǵϲѾͷ˺һôʱ䣬˵סֻҪ˵ˣҾһ˿ʹѹҲһΡֻ鷳ңҪٸҽѿɺã

һ𣬳һ˲Ĵ͡δԤϵΪԼϲˡѵ֪ǼȫܵһȾãԼԴʶ֮ͱһͷβķˣΪѾȫɥʧȥ˵Ĺܡ

ﰵˣŽͣ

ҶͻȻЦĨȥϵᣬȻ˵ôҲͱ˰ó׵ʱбŵʱ򣬻˿ЦĻҡ

˵ŤͷȥѾֹסҲƽ侲ǵҪȢǳͶϻζǿȨͷֻҪʵ˵ˣҪȢҶȫ㣬ġϲ㣬ʱѡʮѧ˸ܹ࣬ƽʹŮǲǾؽңһǰҶĬʼΪ죬㵱ıġĸǲǵףһ»أ

ֹסҶϺЦһһ䶼Ƿ̡ǵ˵ĳ˹죬һѡǴʲôʱһҲ벻ˡ

һֱվԭؿ˫۽һŭ⡣ǿסǰһҪȥץȴҶԤȿͼǰ˲һ󲽣־롣

ǸķµŮˣǸþþиȥŮˣ΢Цһҡͷһ߶˵Զ㡣

Զ㣬Զ㡣

ĸǱ˵׹ӣ˱ؿڣһشʹȥ䡢ʹֱľǺջһףһ˲䣬ȻܵκоֻǸŮһۣڿһİˣδ¶˿顣Ȼ󣬾ת뿪

׹ĸ֣Ȼ񣬻ε룬ʹ˶Ĥ⡣ȥؿڵʹûκ֪ð죬֪硣ع˲䣬֫ʼʹ

ɿһֻؿڴ֣ȱ׷ȥǵһΣ鵽ˣԼȥʱĸܡǿңǰδСʱһ㶼ɡûԼһɷˣ۲ĲѪ

ǵ˵ǰûԼʱףమҲȫͬĸ壬ŶѡԼ˵⣬ұݡ뿪֮ǰһһѡ

ķһξʹ֧ŲټǰַסֱߵӣͷסĿڣЦӦǱӦעҪͬȵĴĳʵӦЦȻ

û

72

һֱڳ̼ҵĴűߵҶԣʱ첽߳æк̼ĳݳҶ߽˫ͨ죬߻ۡĵģԾŭҪ̴ǿҡ

ᣬҶҽŸոտżͷѾ׷ڿ׷ˣҲ㼸ȥסҶԵֵͷߡԭΪϲˣٲԸΪãԼҲǸֵ֧ġǸȴ˿ϧδ׾ţǰһʲô

Ҷڸڵǣ£ѾߵϡʱĳŽſڣۼҪϳȻ뿪һʱ꣬֡

ҶĬ

Լͷ׼ϳİɫӰһ϶ͣһ¡ֻǺָֻܿϸڴֱۼȥȻȥѾ첽˹ɿһקס֡

ҪƢ鲻

֣һŭ

ֻǣԴͷȴҶԡб˫üݵųǰҶԲֻһĴͷҪϵȴһֱģקšһʱ󣬱㷴סһֱԼֱϵҶԵ֣ȻŭĿ˳

ĿɨڽסҶԵ̧֣ɫߣҿ÷ֵӦŶ԰ɣ

˵ϿʼҪҶԼڱͿߣ۸ȣٿҶԵģǲġˣû˷Эĵ

ӭĿ⣬ָų̸Ŵɫ鷳ͷǱλδޡѡԥС㣬ûԼԵʸڲ㣬͸֣

Ҷ˳Ÿָķ򿴹ȥԥԱߵԥЦһڿϷǳЦʱɨĿҲ˼ŭ⣬ӦǿҶԾġ

ˣȴһҲûлͷֻǶŸڣѾʼ۳ڵĿŭҶҲԽקԽŭѹš

˵һΣſ֡

˿¶ɫɫϵķйͣд˼ᶨִšҶ԰ľı飬Ѳմʱӡʱʮ꣬¶ʤ֮ġ

ɫ϶Ѹײڶ֮ƣץҶԵ˿ɿһֻѾס˸ڵ½߱ƽ˫쳣۾ݺݾ

Զ㣡ݹҲ顣

ȻڲûмĻһֱֻѸٻӶһӲȭͷݺų°;ȥ

ܿ죬ҶԶûӦͻȻϮúһ漴ɿ½ҶԵ֣°ʹ˺׵ĺۼ

Զԥ뱻סһСҲǳصˣֻȥ˫קסڵ½һѽҶԿƣֹʱ򣬳Ѿˤ˳ȥ

˵ֻԱȸڳһꡣǳرټСעԼͱȳҪáܸһȭȫǳ䲻⣬ûз

ڴСͲã񶼻岻ʱЩС˺ƽҲʫ飬ŻƫСҲ񡣱ô˦ȥȻصĵ˼Ӳʯϡ

ıֱڵϣʹݣҲδ˿ˡŵұǱҲίǰҵϧʲô˵ȸҶԹۡ

ʱĳѾ侲ǰǻŭ뻳ʱֻǶվͷǰëͷСӣߺΣյĻȣ˵ţҵˣҵĹϱţⱲӣ±±Ҳֻҡ

վ˽ţ±ֱ˰ԵķԣĲҲԸƾʲôϵľܾ㿴ôⱲӣԸ޸ĸˣ

ƾʲôԣüβЩƾʲô벻޶ҳӡ㲻ԸЩǣֶһ˿һĸı䡣Ҳ޸κˣȻҲ㡣

ҶԭأðŻعòףһֱ˰Եǿô㻻ĵط˽ӴȺԭֻǣôٶԼQsu.omˣʵ˳ˡ

ͬһʱ䣬סĻиڡδ뵽˾Ȼ᲻ȣȴŲ֡ʵ̫ˣҪ̫ҾͲڲˣǿȡᡣ

ҶѶͷ㿴ͦţϢǵһΣڱ⸱ӡƽôº͵һӣʱŭ첱Ӵ֪֡Ȼһôִǿꡣ

ԣѾʧȥԡиҪҪȫķѾôһδɵСϡ죬һ߳߹ȥһߵƽȭŽѵˣԸ㲻ҪԹԿ

ٳ嶯ͣﻹܵӾҪӭȥҶԷɱǰһסԭȰ䣬ת־ʱȰ侲˻ȽЧתͷαغһСӹȥ

룬һٶȴŭŨءڴʱ㻤Ÿڣ̬ȱԲԭǳ˼ܻûģոСֶĻ죬ƫƫҪ

ǿסҪķŭյȭͷУֻǳ۾˵֡



ҶûһŸڣһȰοСڣǻȥɣȥɡЩˣǻȥ緹

ͷֶϳ۾аһͻûɵ˼⡣еĻҾԼųԵһͨͨ˳̲סĿǵǸ̸ɣȻȥˡ

ȴˣֱֻ㶵Ķһһ

̬ҲŭҶԣԭǴģǰôһ֣㽫תȰͷʱԼһӾǿ淴ԭдȣ׷Ϊ˺ú˵ôʱȴҪף֮֮ޣҶԵʲô

ǣҲֻŸҪȥ񼸺һ㣬ˣҲûڶ໰ȴǴ粽ǰȥһץס֣һѴԼ

Ҷǰ޷ıܣȭָ׻°ͣǺ׵ĺۼһѪơǣҶôǲ֡ϵԽԽ󣬼ҪҶԵĹͷ

ʱϤɤеʲôүʲôҪСô

ҶҲûüô㿪ʼֱۣ󺰵ϦϦôңȾң쵰Ҫˡ

ںѾͷӵӵû˵żطɿ˹ȥҶѵģҶԵĻҶҲ޷СܵѵģСģҲԣԼĶǳʵֳֻ֪ɵųȥ

һжģһӰӡ̶ոյſڣͿϦֱԼүеİӣʶӭȥ

κľʵЩԶϵʱϦѾһ˳ҶԵֱϡ䲻ϰ䣬ȴҲмȭϵĹȻչвûܽϼУһ飬ɿ˻еˡ

ҶڵþȣʵʲôҲû룬̧źݺݵͬʱϦҲļӲǱһ󲽡

ʱ򣬳̶ѾȭֱϦȥϦֻĴŽŲܿĹ֡

һѷסҶԣﲻţôôˣôˡڶҶ˵۾ȴǿŲԶĳġ⵽ôˣСȻ͹үˣȻնϦͳ̶ūŴܣҲìô

ҶԵʢŭʱһţлЩġǸ־ǿƢݲʱͷʲôҲû˵ͷ˸ڣһȥһ߶Ϧˣǻؼҡ

Ϧԭ볷ˣ̶֪һֱ׷šѾͷϱɲ䣬룬ȻһԲʩչṦҶլԺķȥ̶ŭһܡȻҲ׷ȥ

ҶܿһҲʧ˳ĳڴһΣû׷ȥԭվ˺ܳһʱ䣬۾һֱҶ뿪ķһ

Ҳ֪վ˶ã̸ſڶˣתʯ׽ȥԥ㲻֪ʲôʱѾˣֻԥſվ

ޱ߽һҲû˵ﲻЩǸͺڣ񾭹ߵʱ򣬵ͷС˵һ䣬Բ𡣡

ȻûˣҲûԭź˪ûиı䡣ֱֱ˹ȥѰ·ˡ



лҪ˵~~Űôо~~~

ֻϦ˧˧˧~~~~~˧ĬʵǿŮ~~~ҵ~~~~

73

7373 ...

ϣЩƽҶԿĹĵı飬а̾һԭƣһʱʤջջֻ֣ЩǵĿʵϿۣûĶˤˣ

ҡҡ޵ʵ̫ˣֵ̫ѹ

šҶ΢ףӦһ¡תͷһ߽üͷһֱһԲĺôˣʲôô

ԸûʲôøУǸϲ¶ɫˡղҶһڣߴߴдʱİġ

ȻôһѣͻȻһƣҶˣǼˣҽȥ

էһӲŵҶһѹæɫ׷ʺʲô飿

ү

ɣҶԲԾüͷøʲô£

ţҲرֻ˵үү﷢໭񡭡˵΢¶ɫҶһۣջص㣬ֱ˵̬Ȼү˼ҷүﾭүĶ򣬶ȥΡүȴıòᣬֱҪүȥ˭Ȱ˵ǳʱѾһš

ҶҲľʲô飬Ȼǵ˴󶯸λ룬żЩʲô񣿾˴Ƣ

⡭˺һ󣬲֨֨˵ǡȫǡСġ񡭡ƺжʮš

˵Ҷһ𾪣æƳ۾ȥ¶ԼҲͦԾģʱҶһĲţԺ˵ѽ¶Ҳ˵㻹ȻȥưɣСѾ޵òˡ̶ȥүүֲڡ˵ֹ¶ֻϦ㡣

ҶԭûôףĿ븣ڶϵʱ򣬲ͻȻʶĽ֢ڡȷһץ˺֣ʵ˵ңһǶʮţ

ӦòһջģȻЩʱˡ˵ͷ

Ҷ

7373 ...

̲סüЦô᣿ŶΪ

ںĬҵ˴𰸣ȴֻûƣţû취ܡⶥڣֻҪȷԽͿԵġǺԣҶôΪһŵĲҴ¡

ǸϻҶʱҶѾһα˹ȥԺһѵŮˣҶͷģҶεҶҴ̱һҲ޵ҶȴվһߣĿš

ҶԼǼ˾һ㣬ȥһѱסҶԵȣһ߿һС㣬С㡣Ⱦ㿴ū澷ǼĶϣȾҾֻôһӡ㡭㡭

ҶεҲСܹһ߿һ˦ӣϸԣȥС߶ҪˡءСߡ

ͬʱҶҲķ˹ҶԼĸ׶һۣЩе⡣ǴʱҲûʱȥϸͼֻһ۴ſŵ꣬ƨѾƤʺѪʪ˲ϣźǴĿġ

ҶôܾĶ򡣵Ϻü£ټȥȻġҶеޣҪȥҶæ˽ȥ

һץס֣ˡˡġ

룬ҶһԼıŮҶɳЩĻ¡ȴǸʹһƿҶԣһӺݺݵֳѪ߰ߵƨϡﻹţҾҪĶʲô¸ʲôһ㶼Ф롭ˡ

ҶԼһӳȥҶȴһ֪ҲûУֻе΢һ¡ǰЩŷ֣ɫ԰ֽ촽ϵúǿֲŵ۾һƬȻѾ˹ȥ

һʱңҶҲû룬ֱȥһޣһߴţѾιȥˡǺúҶȰع;ġҶҵѪ

³çĳǰȥҶеĳջأӲžһ

7373 ...

ݺݳҶԵֱϡ˲䣬ӳѩ׵ֱƿƤʺѪɿֳɴȾһʺѪ

˻

Ҷֱ۳ʹ﷢һʹһֻץס˵֡ʱ綹˳չʹҧ촽ȴû˼ģˡˡȴʵҶѾûˡôӡĽۿҪˡ綼Գ˼ҡۼҾôһ׵ߵܡôġ

ôһӣҶε̲סԱ۵һ˳ȻֻɿǰȥһѱסҶԣһ߿һ߳ҶСߺˣǶѪˡҪʹҰɡҰɡ

ݵ˼ΣﻹвΪ֮ݵġҶͦŴӵĴ̣һ߲˵ϡҶԡҶεźѾͷԼӶ޳ˣҲŹ˵ϣĨᡣ󣬾ȫ˶Ҷҵү顣

ҶûĿɨҶѪֱֱۣһ˿ۡգеһӣŭձƹһӽȥٺѵ

˵صĺһ˦˳ȥһߣ˵Ҷǰһҡļһ߿ź֡Ѿ嵽ҶǰҪȥ鿴˿ڡҶεҶϣ޵

Ҷʹ̧ͷȥѾվҶϡģȴһ˪ı飬Ѿöδˡ΢΢ЩǱʶĻһס

ҶĿϣ̾һȻſڵȥҴЩ֮ҲûпڳһۣܾĲһˣͷҲصˡ

ǼٵȻûйԺ﷢ģ¡ɲ֪ΪΣҶԿǽֱ뿪ıӰûɵһӱһ̣·ͨϬǲ˵һ֣Ҳе̺˻

֪Ϊʲôûв£֪úԼһʼѡľͲǾ

7373 ...

ݶԹۡ

Ѿ־סֱۣѪֹסĲðҶԻعͷ࿴Ҷ뿪׵޷Ƶľ顣촽䶯ֹ

ҶԼ촽һֹȻҶһͷȥлС֮

ȻŴʱĻ࣬ҶȴĪһСȫͬһҹԼҡһΪҶʱĸоֻãǰʮŮˣٲʱůĻ࣬Ҳ߰ԼȴʱС



лҪ˵~~~ʲô~~~~ȻҵȵȽôORZ~~

ڰ~~Ҷĵ~~ѽĶԹ~~

ʵ滹ǣһ~~

ûԤУûвµ

ûµûµҲ~~~~~Ұ~~ŤŤŤƨɡ

ùѪѪţѪʲôĴɲؾ~~ҲҪ~~ΪҾһܵĹѪд~~

~~˳~~ʺӴ~~

74

7474 ...

ҶջǱؽ˲Ͼһ֮Ļ˭Ҳ档һֱڲ棬޵۾׳˴ҡҶ˸˵ҶϹҩ˸ɾıӺͳʳȥ

ҧſڵϣüǿϵʹӲûйһʹҲ̶õƨɣҶʹ̣ЩҶĵ̧ͷĿһۡԼҲΪݲ׵ԸԼģŤŤ壬ͷ˻ȥٲ

Ҷ٣ȴһֱĵϧߵܡǵĻػҲ˽һЩȷʵϣҶСЩ

ҶͳԭɣĶֵϸСԼƽعػЩ㰵˸м֮飬ָЩõƫġֻҪ̵ȷ죬ףⲻĽ黳

ǣҶķӦֻ鲢ýؼҶҲԸ֣ʹ

ҶԳȥʱ򣬻Ѿ޵ˣſǽߵʯ̧ͷҶֱϲŲվԼǰѩ׵ɫﻹЩѪм۶ϣƣſǻֱۻô

šҶԵ˵ͷ

Ĭ˺һһֱҶԶ׼ת뿪ʱ򣬲ͻȻֳ˵С㣬ٰһô

˵

֪ΪʲôҶԾãԴڴҶᰤһ֮󣬻̬ȾͱˡЩԼһֱǵĹ룬һĳɳӶסûԼӹߣȴҲͬǰֻǵλū͡ɴʱ·ֻص˵Ǹһ߸·һЦСʱĻࡣԼ˵һȵλϣū澣ĵĹػ

ˡǲɿڡүǲŹġʱ¡үʼվÿǷˡȴΪԼӲزүʱŵԡôȥˣȷҲû÷ѹ

ҶһЩµζȴϾȥ׷ʸࡣԤ潫Ҫ˵Ļæȥ˵ҶϣĶ

7474 ...

ҶһʵϣԼҲǻ취Ҷġɻʱ̬ȺĿû취ٶයһ֡

ҶҵĶӣֻһʱ˶Ȼġԭ˵ЩȰοĻȥϢϢȴʲôû˵ڱתˡ

ʱҶǱһŸɲסһ㣬öʱҶոߣˣˣһҲˡһֻʱůرһʱ䣬ˣ˿öǿֲǻ̡

׽ˣȴҲѡʸٻڳ̼ס˺ü£ʱȫµĺ£ͷеСԡ

ûԹŮ˵ļѺࡣе̵ĸܵ˱ѣǵһΣôصСԶʱʼһֱôʱ䣬ڶδȴΪĶӣֺػڵ޷ܡ

棿ƣĻصҶصɵϣŴƬïôˣȫЩ˳ĵ¡

飿ͷߵĵϷ˷ţдżɷĴ֡ҶּʮϤֻ졣ǵѰ˵ˣһԥģģӦԥɡֻǣһ췢̫飬۵̱ԭأһҲ붯

ϣȥҶϵķȴ˻Ŀ£˵Щ¶ģЩҲһֱүд͵֪ҺС㣬Ҳ޼ҡȥˣܷܲŹҶӣ

Ҷû˵ݰ˿µĵز˺һӣͻȻһƵײһӣײϡҶһ˼˽ȥ

ȥ֮Ŷͷڵ̺ϣϵҶѾ˼ޡָŻ࣬ҪԶ㣬ʱ򻹸ȵͼĶģ

ֻˣʱûע⵽ͻȻܽҶԡͷѪ죬ͬʹһ㣬ֻǼϳҶصؿͷһ߿һ߰

7474 ...

С㣬ū澴ˣū֪ˡʱүС˽ġū澡ūûܺү桭ɺǳ簡

ܼһ߿һġҶȴĴ齨һĹ֮¡ѪᣬԹлڣ͸ġ

ʱҴСͬǵһλչŮӣʱЯԼҪõmһŹκˣͶϣ̸ۼ޵ĵز

mվ飬ԷŹӰ˷ġҶʱδȢޣƫmǰȥסmѶϴ棬˻ۡ

mѾСʹģȥŹӣmһϣһȢС㡣˭֪ŹӶжӣϴ˾ܾѾ֮ʱ˵үͬӭȢĴС㡣дҶѾףС쳱ҪҶˡүɫɷǵ棬ѾΪͼʹ죬ֵС㲻һʱ֣ſɽдСߣһ治

չӹ棬ҹ밮ˣǷԸԼһ˽ȴδϽСѾ߽ػ񣬴Сδʵ飬ŹӿյһҹŹʧȥСԸҶҡѶȥȴһУһеβȥ

Сżү˽´÷зС쳲ⱳѣʹļ֮ʱֲ׵ıȣʹļҶΪ

һ֮mԹң˸ӣǱ֪֮£ǴʮmͶ·ɱ֪Ҷʵ⣬һǰȥסɴ⣬û˵ּһŮ

ʱǨöٴ̣ԡ쳺Լˣı˲֮ˡmһ׷ɶȥȴ³ҡΪҶϵĵжԣճ棬ҹޡڽö˵һ֮εѲһغȥˡ

ʱѾҲҶңΪάԼС㣬մСҲǶҶֵòҡȫ˴˵ϣָĺݶ񶾣

7474 ...

ԼѪá޸ڣ֮ʱŸӵɵĶӡ

ѾmԼУmأûٻ֮⣬ԼߺйޣǰҶζҪסҶߺmûԼһۣȴԸͷ

С㡭ǶԲס㣬Ƕ˱ӦŹӱǡūʹ˱ֶΡС׷£ŵҵֻǸʱѾ˶ȳ˼ңûٶСһۡСɽסĸ£Ҳĸ¡ʧ뿪ɽˡŲšүİūô࣬䡭ūԭǿ˺븮ģȴƫүҡԩꡭС㡭Ɒ޳ܵūŰɡֻᡭ޹İ

Ѿȥʮ꣬ѹֶĳҶȴ׻һ㣬Ŵ˫۴վǰʲôҲ˵

ҶҲѾôסΪmĶԹΪһֱڲصܣΪҶനʵ

ͻȻһ죬Ҷľګͷ㿴Ҷന糾͵վűߣűǸսŻµİҲǰ춯ԴͷǼŸҶģҲδĸףҪһԸ



лҪ˵զ˵أǵðѼ˵ˣܰĵļ˶԰~~

ʵǰ͸öΪ¶ЩʵģӲϵڡ

ҵڼ䣬ԶҪࡣ

й˵Ķԣ²׳ŵ

ӦոûҳĻڹġޣġ

~~~

75

7575 ...

ҶനʱҶĴסˡûжȥЦ籾һĹѪڡΪܿͷ֣пгЦϷľ󲿷ֶǾˡʵվϷʱֻ岻֪룬ƣմȾ

ΪҶനܴת뿪˭ֻ֪ԭشվһع֮ЦЦһȥϵİһԣԹ𣿡

ҶԿĲ֪˵Щʲôʾοǰ˲Žʮ꣬ĸ࿡ôĥ£˶óءǰɫ·ȴѲʮǰǸˣɡ

ҶҵүΪӢֱˬֻǲ֪ΪʲôôĹȴδȢ檡

⣬ҶҲעΡΪʲôҶനʮü˶ûȢϱΪСǰ˵ʲô׾ҪԼϲģǧŽ͵뷨ͷ˵ҸֵǣΪʲôȴҲ˵ȢĲȢʱ࣬ŻȻԭǾֻùǿա

Ҷന̧߽ҶϿͷվȻĸףˡ

ҶлڻУðز̧ۿǰҶന̾һ˵˳ϵ

ô

šҶനͷӦ

ҶЦЩԱųʹˣǵģΪҵĶ񶾲ġ֪㲻Ҷҵ׹⡣֪࣬ɺң

ͷվǰû˿ɣҡͷشޡ

̬ȺԣҶ鲻Խ¶΢Ц˵оȽ㵱׶ϲǼǺ޲ǺޣҶҲ˭ֻһ㣬һ㶼ֻҶһϡ

ҶһֱվڽС𾴵ǸŮˡͻȻˣΪʲôԼΪʲô㡢ҶεʼŮˣű˽˰̣ʱ

7575 ...

ȴǿӲ̬ȣҶനĸ顣

Ϊ֪˼룬һ֮ɵ¡ʹʧȥĸҲԼʧȥӡ

ʵϣһŮ˽̳ĺӣʧҶനͦņֱ̃ͷʱѾỨ˵ҵĸס

Ѫǣһ㣬Ҷʱ档ߵҶനߣֱסֱۣͷϣűһ硣Ҷനһָ˳˿ĳЦŰԣˡ

Ҷҵǣ鲢ûӵķչ෴ҶനñǰӵĳûΪʵݶԶȴԭ϶һ̤ʵͳϿҡ



ҶȥҶ֮󣬾Ҷȥܸߵġѧҽ˵֮󣬱а

ߵ죬ҶȥС˱Լֳһҽͷߣ˵һ·ȥԶܵûԶţ϶ġſŵûлֻ̾һôϲҽҩһҪúѧȵ˲˵ʱ򣬱ҼЩʹࡣ

ҶֻǴſţӻ಻ͷҶͷ˵ˣСߣŷſȥܱ˺ôǹòãҲǻѹġ

һȥǺööꡣóóһʱ䣬δټǣһֱ꣬ΪһͽҽʱȻǵáǸ糿Ľ㣬ԽѪĽ˵Ǿ仰

ȵ˲˵ʱ򣬱Ҽʹࡣ

ȻδǰйһʹȴΪһ仰ĥҩĥָƤԶԵЩɥʡ

ôģҲĻϲ˵ģǹòãԼҲѹ

ԣȫúù



⼸ҶϵθһֱôãҶ³ԵĵĶЧּСôһ֣Ҷ¾Եǰδе

һγѾȥգʼûг֣ҲûϢⲻҶԸ

7575 ...

¶˾ģһμͷȢ˭Ȣ˭ֻҪʱеɱھС

ڼұպóгʹĵƻᣬȥҶŵƻСĳʳģҵһҶθڱҲ˵ͬˡ

ǵĳĺ죬ǰʱ򡣽ϰϰ

˶ȥԼģȻؽֵĴϡ֪ҶԵտ쵽ˣΪҶ飬ʹ˼ҪġɴʱĿ룬ۻصɨ·ߵ̯ҲҲһϲģﲻɰż

Ҷһ·Ҳ˵Ʋֵӡ룬վŵһԹűˡٻʱһĴͱһյСɵοջơҲҶԵƳ٣Ӳϻ˵ţȥǶͷ棬źӵƵʱͿ쵽ˡ

˰춼ûɫõĳʳҶԭؼˣȴֲİ޿κεĵͷ飬ӵ֮ǰȥ¥Ըǣȥ˳кһƼҡ

ѡ˿λãԶԶˮȴϲ˵Ŀ϶ڰҶԵŸһƴСҶ羫£ͦϲŲ𿪿ܲٵȥϹĵ˰죬ԭˡһֱţʧܣЦŴ˹ȥ

¥ʱһݵŸڣȫ˵Ĺ⡣Ǵαһ֮ûһٷʼ޲ȥҶšѵһȴְ룬Ҫ֪ԼģȻġǣʱһһĹȥȴӰҲûüΣѾ˴ţȴǿ˻ȥ

ǹ͵ĴͬʱҲίϦȴһֵĽͶûСȻͿʼǰǳܵʱܱﲻ죬ͻĳķſڡֻŵСèקӣϸɤỽϹ

ʱβϵúܳŴŴأĶڻǺܵģֺС

7575 ...

ı飬ƲһΪĵ顣ĵһաԽһ죬Ҳźڹһ죬ˣӲû̸߳һͻȻڼ

죬ԥġ˵һΣ˱ٲž㶨̬ųšϣս¥ͿһŸڣЦ绨

ŭڵһ¾ͺȭͷٶȳ嵽ǰˣʵѾʮüˣȴֵʮͷɵСӣ졣

оǰһҶ̧ͷȥջصЦڿ֮ѸȴҲźõջĿ⣬ƫͷ𴦡

ҲʱһվǾͷʲô

ʱԥԥҲ¥Ҷԣԥ㶣ӵĺһҶ㡣վԱߵԥԶģǲȴֲóֻðԹһĿ⣬ȫҶԡ

겻ɢãҶԵɫֳ˳׼ϸ뿪ȴһ˻⼸춼ȥˣ

˵žҪ׽ȴҶԻһˣӲ㿪ҲŤͷҪߡȻһֵǰ

⼸춼ʲôȥˣ

ҶԭûֱôЩ죬ûƢʱǵûл⣬һʦļƣԭǻڷŭԵķȴȴǻĵʧǣ֪ԼҪʲô

̧ͷͱ鶼䵽˼㣬˵ʱԴŷ⣬ʲô£[365С˵www.365book.net]

üðѹסƢ̲סʾ˵һ飿

£Ҷȴȫ侲ˡЦȻһͷȥŵȴдƣӦҪظǰǾ仰˵ƨ£

һֱԹŵԥͻȻһͱŨŨĲм⻹Ǵҹأš

ҶԲǶһۺյųĸڣ˵СڣȥӵơԺóԵ⽡

7575 ...

һץס֣ҧгݵûҵĶҲȥ

ƾʲôå֡

ϧˣӽġҲķֱʵ˵ƾʲôҲΧ۹ָ㣬ͷǵú˵ɡ

ʱ򣬸ѾվҲҪҶԵַչϴ֮ͥ£ֳζÿԤͣüȰο㵽ҪһôҪȢˣǺþۺɢôķϣѡ

һȰȥӺܿͱӣŭ˼ЦаȣԭǲǸģҲԸˡֻ˵þۺɢ

ҶԱۻֱתҲ£ܱ㾳ء֪ӣ˽ľǿִ֡ʱ򣬳ƽ͵̸УֻõҪģŻݡҲôˣԵᣬ˽첻

ص̾һѾЩζҸʱ俪ϲ̸һΰɣҲСˣûҪŭĿԵķʽ

ɷҲЦŵͷðղײգھ̸

ǣ˭ܿʱĲԾҶԵȻףʱ̸ԼһôҲ̲šƾݼǳԸָ׼õһ˿ĸڣͻȻһתڵ϶ǲеģҴӦСƻᡣǰʹӦˣ֪ģıǲسŵ

⻰ӲøڻŭĿתϣЩ˸ҶԭΪֻһ˭֪ȴˬĵ˵ͷνһ𣬵㿴̸



գб˴ӡλԶԶ̣ǵѡԶ룬漰ΣյķΧ

Ҷ븣ڲǰ棬ậĿıϡһĺ޲ܸ϶ǳӡһλζʮ㣬Դһ˾ûɫ̡һλǵ˳ӣĿ

7575 ...

Ļȴ޷˵

ҶпȴһûӰ顣ǰֺã·ʲô̯λһ۵ģضһƫƫҶΪ˺ӱձһĿ⣬ֻýעתƵ·ߵ̯ϡ

ûʱϻͷ϶˸гԵĸǹֹƷõ֬ˮۣ黨ʰһӦȫҶһ˵ˣɸȴǱ˼Ѫǲͣ򣬲ͣĴ

Ҷᣬֻ÷˽С̯ӣתұһŵĻϡȻ

ԣϲô

ҪǷôԡ

һ㣿

ѽǸˣ

ԣҪʲôҶ㡣

ʱѾ͸ʽĻѵĽ̳һԼʫ⣬ŨҶֱѾʹɿӳ糺˵һܾһܴܴĻԷǳٶС

ͷһ֧˾֣ڵһ鳤ɸ衣ͻȻ۾һͻȻ뵽ʲô⡣һҶԷɿǰȥһ˺üףһ⻬ʯǰͣ¡ҲҶԵѯʣֱֻϹҵһȡڵϣȻһѽʯϣЦ˵

ңûԲҪ뿪𣿡

ҶԲ֪ʲôã¶˳ĻͷӦ¡ͷЦһϲȻĵתĴȥ

ûһϵͻȻͣˡҶԿվǹʦǰ֪˵ЩʲôʦԺܳԾðŷӦȻվøλϡ

ҶԲס˺롭

Ȫ𣬺鶯Զĳѡ޳ʮָңԶ೤ʱˮлȪģɽӷ΢顣

ѧʱڸıǧžһˣ֮ǡ

Բѽ¶Ϊ˪

˶ˮһ

䧴֮ҳ

δ֮ˣˮ롣

ǳ

7575 ...

ͣҧתԲ˳һѵõɤǸĵúƤ޷֣⡣Ӳ֪ʲôʱȥμϡʱζĲ⣬ŨŨмȫдЯˮ

ΪԶʱסֻͻȻ֮䣬ıůһ㲻ܿƣȫӿΨһĳڡЩӣ̫飬Ψһԭ߶Ҳ͸ġʱСߺͻոձߣȥҺԶĵط߻Ң𰻹ҶûڷԸš̫Ŀʱˣ̲ס룬ǳȢ˱ˣǲ޸Ҳزټ޸ˡµʲôʲô

ļį͹һֱǧίʱ򣬱ôһСƨжҪѹôյйˡ

վ󣬿޵ʹ絶ʵĸоһλǱһִӲʯͷʶüѡǰȥȴǻ䣬֫Ӳ￪ʼ˼Ȼһһʹ

ʲôʹû

ʲôȻİȫо

ʲôƵҪܽй

ʮָڵʯť뱻䡣粽ǰȥû˿ĳɣһ˦ҼϡȻһ㵵ϱͷҲص·ȥ

һţһƨϣŵжѹǷ޶Իʱ䡣



лҪ˵~ (*^__^*) ~

ûиоѾβչ~~

~ѡ~~

AҶεVSϯ~~ Ȼİ׳ŮԡոǿȤĬ

B, ҶVSʮĹ~йµԱҽVSŹͬй²εڽϵĻҹ

C, ҶĬVS~~ ƿִŮ׷ɽС

D~~

ҵԸҺһɶ~~

76

7676 ...

ҶԿ޵䲻ôҲֻθһ󷭽ͷۺһ軨ӿϣжܡֹס£Ͻ

ƾһɳ徢°ʵﲢûȫáԼʶԥӰ죬ԭһصˣһҲΪ˳һ顣ôһֱ׵ĽףʸȥĹϵ

ԭģ֣ʶԼ⡣ʮæŴƴҵΪõչ̵ֽ档Ҳʱʱ˱ѾԶ࣬ȫͬû˹ͨ񲻻ӵ

˵֣ˡţЦ⡣١ôʱȥˣԶҲγˣһںţšֽ˼ʱĸоغá

û˵Ҳûзֻӿ˽Ųһҿջſӭ͵С̽źðŷӦүƹҲע⵽ͷܿܳͬһɫүǣ

һϷʲôͣҲ˴š˿ȥ˵Ѿ¥ݿڡ

ԽնſƻȥˣûмڡȻصȵ죬ҵӿһòŮӽջϢ͸ôˡƹСȻﲻĴүǮ֮⣬ʲô

һֱ˷һѽҶ˴ϡҶԱôһ̣ܣǱڵıϣһƨŵأ̲סĺ

㲻ˤң

ƨɣ̲סЦЦƶôˤˮģմģˮģ

ģҶûİһۣһһߵҵûȥСڻڻء

ɫ˺ڣС𣿶ԼӦҪ̸

Ҷ죬ʵֻǲΧ죬ҽ֮󼪣ӳӴʵʩЩѶȡɸɿһҪҲң϶ĴѰ

7676 ...

Һαƽ׵ġ

˵ţѾ˴ءҴߵʱ翴ˡͳ׸ôжСӵҲ߯ˣҪǽϵ֪ΪԽݸ棬ƨɴòй

С㼸ʱôظˡ˵ѾߵߣΪѾɹתעϧˣ񳤱һ죬Ѹȵϣظˣ϶Ҹظ

ҶСʶƣԹıƽ졣˵ʱͻȻһŵǳ̴ү

šһͻȻһҶ㱻ϡӵŭɹĿ⣬ĳ̴˵ȥҶң˵СҪү˵ȥˡ

ҶȻɣҪվҲŴУţҴӦ̸ûӦҪҹġѽ̴

ϧ̴̼˾ʧƫƫʵڲ̫Զν֮⣬ֻܽųѿ֮졣

ååϽſҡ

ĳ֣ͫ󣬾Ͷ촽ҲֹԽԽýֻ֣ҶּƫƫԽԽڵ졣ȵ¸Ͻһ鲻Խһڿˮ

¶ˣֻͼ뿪˵ϢԶЩҶ̻쵰

κΣһȥ͸һ㹭벻ԶѾһĹΡöȤ°벱ӵ۴һڣӴǸɺõɳĮˮԴ޲һںȹȥȴϧ᲻ˡ죬ֻǷۺǺ

Ҷ϶һ٣ͷƤˡæӴ󻡶ȣӿɧšʳˣ̧ͷ˵Ҫһ㣬Ҿˡʱˤڵϣɱۡ

˵꣬ҶԾ;һɣڹŤۼžҪĵȥ䣬ֻ䣬ڵȥ

7676 ...

ǰһקסϹ½Ǿץ·գæֹסĲӡ

˳ƽ˫ıſߣŶƤϷԡ

ʱӦϧѾ˵ϡԲѪʲôԭ˫վͨ졣ɴҶԲ߳ŭҧ̫ˣ

ͷûԹķ˿ꡣҶԽҪ촽ǿǻ飬ȴûϢ˻ӦԼûһѵͿʼЭԼô꣬ȴӲħƣ߲ϡԼûʵαװôãȴôСսʤˡ

ʱѾˡһѪܵʵǰԱǿȴû취۴ôģԻ᲻ܿƵٴοȻĶᱻ˵ҲƲˣ֮¡

ǺԼĲҲôõίҵ˳ڣͻȻһʰѹʣʶ϶ǡ⡭ôҡڡ

ͣ˶ͷĺ󾢼䣬ðųӦšֳͬɴ䣬յʵСϪ

ҲܵӰ죬ͻȻóĬְðų֪ˣҲ˵ķʽ̸Ϊܺ㲻ͲǸõЦʱȴֶΣĺЭķʽ޷Ҳûϵֻ˸̨ףԼȥ

˫ЮԼ۾һһ˵˳ҲȢ˵ģԶᡣ

Ҫǿʱʶԥ룬ھةฮĲңõȷʵйǷһ飬һγ־磬޷Ϊ˻ԥ㸸ĺӣСһ󣬸ȴû˿ѪԵϵϵԥ㣬κԼġҪң뿴ԥ㾿Ƿ飬˽Ҫôټôġ

ҶԵ֪һ࣬ȷ

7676 ...

ʵܳԾð׹ȴǰŰɣü֤ԥϲǸûòةԥ㣿

ʹͷҶԻЩţðžüԹðɣԥϲԥ㣬仨ˮ֪û顣Ҫ޸Ϊ˼ˮԣðֻΪ˻ծͷҲ˻סǣΪʲôأ

ⲢʵһֱĶʱԲʼ̯֣һΣ˵ȥˣҪҰ¶ߵ֪һʵ۴ͻҲü޸ҡƣޡ

ĻҶ԰룬ԥԶԼҪ뺷Լôʱ䣬Źǻˡ˵һֱǿԼƺ«ᣬȴĲܿƵδƫ롣ʱǰ־Ǹһʱ䣬ҲУҲУҲû˵

ΪصӣԵЩǿʶ㡰㲻ͦ͵ôôһСв

ֻǽӵøǿ˴ζëȢؼҵšɹϵ°ҸҺҵֹһô

ҶȻһϣץг

񣡣



лҪ˵ʦʸ֤һڡ

˵Ҫݽ̰ҹԹˣֻһˡ

Ըɣ쵼˵ʵˣҾø߷֣û׼ã˵أ

˵ʲô˻¸㣬֮⣬˵ʲô

֪Ͳˣûʲôá

250ı~~~T_T

77

7777 ...

ҶٻÿԥʱƺǸ;нСΨ˵ȨãݵλԶԼһ̼֮ŮҪ߳һأȫûбҪɫ¡ľñǸŻˡ

˵ԥ⿪ˣȴûʵΪسŵδʵǹһЩһɢͷ˳

ôһССᶼң£ϾҶջǽĵ׵Ļ˵˳ԭǵĸǲײѷģεɸ˶һӡ

ɫҲס֣Ϊ֪ʵ࣬ҲδвȻͷ֤ʵˣҹΪǣɼЩҲֻƽĳܶѡΣұȻٽڹҲҲܶԲԣ

ͳºͣںСӡҶԻһֻصǰĸоʱÿ´ݵܵýÿʹܵʱ򣬾ͻᡣʱĺʱ򻹻ᳪһϵӵ衣

ΪѣͻȻҶͻȻת⣬סĲӣ°üεĴֻҪҳ׸裬ʹ˴ԭ㣡

һ飬ʱӽŵǰɣȻôү

ҶбۣĹǺִ⣬æƱͼӹ衢軭ЩŮ˲Ÿɵģ˵ְ׬ǮңŮ˳衣

õģҲ׬Ǯ֮󣬶鶼áԹ۽ȴʵʵŵġҶҲ̲ס˴вš

ǿıսԣĥʽСİɣСʮûˣɤһ˵ġ

ҶԲݸע⣬ϥǣ˴ϡǲɿڣ°һ㣬ָʾϻ

ü˺ð죬ʼ紹ͷ޿κεСñСƷ泪裬쵼׼

һҶҲһɤӣɫ˻֣

7777 ...

쵼׼ˣ

һʼСƷǰ벿ֺܲ֫Ժ沿鶼λҶ˼ͷ֮ǻȥˡŷҲţͶɣһǶҲǶԾͶ󷢵ˡ

ıݿʼԽԽЦҶڴϣüζЦƻԽԽãǵ㱻׺˸ӰڰɫĴֽϣʰ쵣ɫ

֪ǰֺǸѾӢнʵοļڳŵǸصˣҲֻԸǰɡʹԵ˽ݻ첻ԼѡѽѡԼһӡӡ

˵ǶԵģĳΣٽڹҲȥǰ˵þۺɢǶνҲ޷ԼһһʲôʹԭǴģҪĸҺԥףԼһڲҪҲҪȮðġ

ôˣʱռβÿʱÿ̶Ĵĳһ磬Ϳ㾪յܰ㡣ļʣκμֶ޷

ΪԼѾһϵƣֿƺˣοӣҲ紵жϵһ졣ǱӶ֮ǰӵסԷȻ۷κ£ֱֻͣԶҪ֣ԶҪ롣

ϧ

˵ԽԽ壬ҲԽԽģʱ۾ĶֻüһжޣʹΪϡǻԵҲΪȫ硣ͷԼϵıЦ͸ϲıҲչʾġ

֪Ҫ˵ģֻһ仰

Ȼ



ջûڿջҹǣ֣ؼҡҶԺĲ˸ڣͷɥſڵʯϣԵʯ϶Ҷ˵̧ͷһһ㲻⣬ֻ۾вҲزסˡ

΢üȻҲڼ㾰Ҷأ˽

7777 ...

ŵ֣˵һú˵Ȼȥɡ

ȻĵĲ⣬κθոպϱͺãΪСֵòġ˵ͷƾҪӵȴҶԲ˿Ȼ֪ͼҲҪСǰ֡ǣüһ䣬ɡ

ҶߵߵʱѾʯվһҲ˻ͷţʵĵƻУı顣ʱŵİҲ˳ҶԲС㣬һֱ븣үŵȣκִⲻȥС

µģҲȥɡ˵⻰ִһСֽ¶һõ΢ЦллҰѶ͹

ھͻȻ̧ͷȫǺºͻ⣬ź˵Ҳã˵һ˵˿ڣ㲻ͬһĴߣŻĶĸ˵ѣɫ¼еɫ

¼һʼ

˵ˡҶһֱ΢ЦţֻڿдתỨʱЦݽÿɬСڣҿ˵ˣһüȥ

һ⻰͵˺һ󲽣ϱٴС˫ĶᶨִҡͷҪҲҪ

ҶüΪƣֻٲ壬еˮҪòסһҲܡ

СڣѾˣҲҪˡ֪֪⣬Ժ󶼲һ׽ҲԲ๫£ϣס

˳ջڽҧأŷܽͻȥʵĵӰ£󣬡ΪʲôͬСһҲʶһ꣬ʱСӣʲô鰮ȥѧϰҲæµŲôһģΪʲôͿԣȴУ

ûΪʲôΪ

Ҷԭ˵һԲȴ֪ľҭסˡ֪Լ˵ζʲôǻجΨһɫһܶ˵ˣȴһ硣ܣ

7777 ...

ȴôϣһѡһΣԸðŲ׽ķգˡ

ֵһ˵Ůȥȫȫİ޹˼ɵİҲֻŮӲӵΨһɫЩ

תҪߣȴڴӺһѱסСأһʵֹԽϹȥڰҹɫ﷢˵

ҳףҳףֻҪҳף㲻ٶФ롣ǲǾܻͬǰһܴߣܿ㡣

ԶҪݣֱȻȴ΢΢Ŷ

ҲУʹȴ˿Ȼû취ҪģͲ˽ٸϣǧе°ܡ

ҶԻͷ۾ɫ˵Լļͥһ޹Ĺ㲻ʾأֻΪ˽ֻʧ

׻ԭغð춼˵ҶƲͷȥ顣˵Сڣû취ͨˣԺͱˡ

ʱܳİһֱڶӰҲֹͣҡڣһֱϷŵķɶҲͣȶĳѡͣ˺ĵϡ

ҶѾżγѡͷſյ֣һСɾµֹ۵֡

ۿҪʧű߽һ㣬ֽ̧ǵ񡭡

Ҷʱ˺ľţ֨һǹ





űվ˺һҶԲŽŰĶүˣĸ棬һȷȻؼҡ

СӦ֮͸˳ȥҶԻ߳ȥԽ׽Ǽһűµĵ顣һ˵ĺڰҹɫĬá



ҶҵĻʮ֮С

һ죬ϲ죬ɫǡҶұãˮоᡵɢڳУԸϲõ˷ɢϲǮõǮĶüЦףԸҶСӰͷЯ֣á

ҶԱһҹڻ

7777 ...

ױϷϼ糺Ĵɫޱߡͷɫ硣΢ˮ財

ҶǣҶԣǣҶεҶҴٶȫĳſڵ׵ĻΡұߵʮ˹̧ʵĺɴסͷɴˮȴ˵ĵƥͷ϶źɫϲϹɫķͼ

λҶСڳˣһֱſӵȺڶֱ𶼸Ű˸ѾߣȻ޵Ʒһһһһĳˡ

˲̾ŮŮױȴһģһûƫġҷʢ˳̶ȣҶү۰ԼŮ

ͬʱҶԵ飬˵ˣȻҶεڼҡң뿴ޣҲԼɼҡ

˾ں¼Ρ

ҶҲ˳ƽҶԵֵݸһߵĻ𰣬Ҷ׼תƶȴ䲻һɴקסһ˵һȴһĿ޺

ۡԣԡҲҪޣҪޡ

ţΧȺڵľ̾ҶйɺܲԤУоǰһֻ֣ҪȥϧһǰһҶεȴɳ˵Լǰ

һ̾ҶԵĸͷҶεקȺв˰ţô˶Ȼͬһޣ͸ʿġ˷ҪˮԱߵסȻ׼Ķڽˮ㳤ģҲġ

ҶԱҶεıס֮µһӦȴһѷڷϵĺͷ˷ֱסɴһ

氵ãáȴԼӻ¶ڲõ¡

ҶεҲǸӣ˳ĺȻǻˣǻȴԽԽҶԾͿһź첼ڸǵԼǰĦǱϲС

ͽõʱĿ̲סЦһЦ˵ãͨˮж˼ϴ͡

ڸͷϣŲԶ³ڷѩЦݹŮˡҲ¶ЦݡҶиӦһ㣬ͷ

7777 ...

Ⱥп߶ϣһˮһŨ

ǷȺеһۣһԡϱӣǶŵȻ



ˣԸϧƶ븻ԣ򼲲һֱߣչػֱԶ

ǸŮˣԸȢϧƶ븻ԣ򼲲һֱߣչ롣



꡿

лҪ˵~~ĵOVER~

ҵԸɣ뿴ͬѧأӦûл~~

ҪǴҲ̫뿴Ͷ໨Ѿ¿Ӱ~~

һ30Wֲķ6µʱ䣬ôҵ

Ժ֤~~~~~

~~ղһֱ222öˣʵڲټ2ȥˡݲϲ£ҿưľУᰡľ~~ǳȫҰ~~2~~

¿Ӵţ~~

İ

Ա꣬α

һŤһŤ

ǱƵݡ

أأͰˡ

78

78 ...

»ĵգҶȴһеԺ¡«ݱ֯죬ֱ߷˷ʣͷŸմӶӳѡʱҧһƤüϵ顣

ߵߣС㣬ԥСˡ

ҶԷ̧ۿǰô

ûУѾԺſˡҡͷʵҲǸող֪

Ҷ԰ȥȻӰԸԵĻٰӳú˯ˣݲ衣

˵䣬ѾվӭȥŰǰѾͷʰ鷿ʱ򣬷δţԥġһǵãʱҶ¶ûͷҲˡںһ⣬ȴһӡҲûС

һ죬ֻ˵Ȳ˵ĳʱĳضҪɢǣԼѹ֪£˼ҵĸӡڶҲּܼ̣ԭ¡˵ԭ֪ĴڣʱãȻûг·ûʵĽ֮䡣ȵʶԼ˺֮ʱ״زͷ沿֣˵ĺøУһн֮ģκԵʳ

һһԴǿУҶԲ˼˵治֪飬˼ָ׼ǰˣӣةฮСءԥӡȷиĹۣ˵׷ԼҶ⡣ҶʱĺСýƤֶвˣֵһɢжҲֱʹҶ׽

ԥԵЩ㲣ȦأɫҲáҶ£˷˲֮Ѿͷֻ˶

˿Ժӣԥʣ̡Ӳڼ𣿡

ţȥˡҶԽʢѵĹǰƣ

˶֪ôڣЩΡջҶԳСǰʲôô

ҶȴźԵ衣ԥɫ˱䣬׼ǱҪύ˵ھܾ̲סʧ䡣įЦЦŵ»飬ұ߶šһʱͿý̸硭˼϶ԥʵѡԭ

78 ...

ȲçײţžסȻҪŲ

˵ݶˣҶҪǾ͵ǲ˼ˡҶԵ˼άģʽȷʵòԡɰ˵˼άΪλߣķΣϣɼﱾԻġ

̾Ϣһ£ҶЦСˣϴûӦʵҶԼĹ˵һⲻǲŶԡ๫ҶԸм⣬Ƿ򸾶˶ȻöԻر£иЩʵҶԸ˼ҼʶǳЦʵСЦˡ

Ҷ˵ÿ˼ҲȷѾˣֲʱ䵹ʷݡȻϹ˵ǻ飬Ǿǻ鿩ֶǷ֮£˹ʵ

ԥͷɬЦЦԥ뻹çײˡֻձҪؼˣһֱΪ鷳ơǶҲˣȴĽᣬźðĻؼȥ

˵ҪؾҶԲЩ֡Ǳ˴õϢ˵εʱڳ˴󡣳ҹ˹ȥԥҲһǣüɻʣԥһô

ˡԥҡͷЦݾųʹҶ΢΢񣬿ʧˡв̣㲻ǵԥ˻һȥɣһŮӶ·ȫ

ԥ̧ͷЦЦŵҲǻؾҪԼԭļҶ⣬ֽ͵ԭԼļҵģʱΪɵһҪŮűȥɵѾȥô֮꣬ԲߣǡһġʣȻû˾ĵԭоиĸֵܣǴ޵ͣҲǸûȥˡ

ϸϸҲǸĹС븸ĸ룬һԼˡȥȡͷҲһˡ

룬ʵҲ벻ʲôοĻֻ˵һ䣬ѾȡǲãΪбڵ㡣ΪԼŬһأ޺ӡϣҸ



ֹգûҶԭҲʲôһ˻УʡϱڡǼѾ

78 ...

ͷȴˣһǰ߶ʲô»үȴϲؼҰþˣҲʼԹ

ڰڣѾźü첻˵ǮҲҪûܱܲŽ˯һӰɡôһˣӷҲʼտʼССȻС۴һ죬Խһ졣̺Ҳ˶ϱ죬ԭһ켸˵һΨֱ֮

һգЩȣҶԴ˯α鷳꣬ƵһϣӲ˯šǵС㡭ԣӦӷˣǵӷδմīޱͼһұһ١

ҲˣԼֽţī֭ϸĻմŨī㣬˳˳ͷ˼һȻͻȻһ⡣ϸֲٿͬϸıʸˣȥͬʱܼһĨζЦ⡣

յ蹦򣬴ȫÿֽʯƣƣжˡѵõ֮صȡԼӡ£¡ص˿ǩϴ

պʱֻȸԽԽȥӷ˼ҳ˫Իߴߴ˶ʼɣץһ㶹Ǳߣ׼ֻƹģʼһһŵ

ôֻ֪ǹģ֪֪֪ȻҺ˵ҾͲ㣬ڷУô򵥵⣬ŮҶ֪

ʱΧûˣȻҶ÷˷ˡΪר׼ߵңұߵķߵı˺ü£̲סұߵġ󡱼֮ұߵŤѰϹס

ҶԼķˣĸĶһɰˬѣΪԼĶȤζڴǸֺǵҪЦˣ뿴һ¶ĸȸڸʲôȴֻˣˣҶԸոӵ㶹͵ĸߡ

꣡Ҷ߳ŭһ˴ͷֻ˴󾪣ųķˡӷˣصӱߣڸµĻȣд֡

ĵ

78 ...

תȦȦӷǻجج˯˹ȥ˯ʱ֣ҲȽ׷ټĻᣬᵽһ֮󣬶ʱøˡ

ͷʱѰΣ˵˯ŵŽݣ֮󣬲ĵͷȥûˣѰȥͨ鷿յſھͱšŵվס˽š

ϸϸ˺һ󣬲ȷԼûţٻúܴ񣬻߳ɵ˧ֻ˸ͷߣͷϻ˸档Աһ׹ƨͨĴʫ

̰ƺɫؼҡ

ǰң·ץ

װûЦŽȥ㿴ڴǰ˫ϡͷ΢΢ƫţϸķ˿ᴹɨڵɫȹۼ䡣ץ˰ȣȷƣֻȭͷѾɣҪƿ䵽ϡ

Ķߣȥ׽촽ƫƫ˼һ޷͵˳óˡδǷǳǳſݼ鲻ԽһڣõζĶˡ

ͷĴĺҧһڡôˣʵҲôˡϸˮ۵Ƥ˯е˳ʹüɻ˳˿˫̽ʪʪСͷ

˯е˾ƾҪŵҲֻǣҲƶǽһʹǴ֮

ԽԽרעҲԽԽ顣ʶģŵģҶԱüѣʱʱߺ߼ŶϢԽԽҶҲ˹

˯ѵ״̬ﻹǽıܣһ߱Ϸһ߰۾ˣͣ˶ֻ붢ҶԲͻȻͣ£ţȥ

ǿƬ̣Ͷ˽һ˱Ĵ꣬һץϸ֣˽ĴߣʳָԼУȻͷָ⡣

ǳԼĪʱңм˸ֵķʽܵ˫ɫֽȴζʮ㣬

78 ...

֮⣬ӲǲȥҶּ̱Լȥһ˫СҲһأ˵·ꡣǵóſߣЦ

ۼ־ҪҪλȥͻȻһɵȥһѱסЦȥҧĶ䣬һͷŹ̵һૣ㡭óԲ·˯ž඼챬ˡûˡ

ȻЩ컬࣬ǶڴµҶ˵ĺáֵ黰Ҳסȹƣ͸˶

˫˵ģҲҶԺţĸܵԼĳ= =ãȻ⻹°˼͹

Ȼܸܵǳ˲ܴԿƵĳڲϱ仯֮⣬˿δֻ׽֣һȥĦһָ



лҪ˵ΪһдأһСľ͸ϵˡ

ؼûд̵꣬~~~

ΪǷ⣬ҾûôԼԼ

Ժ벿ࡰ硱롱ɲסΡ

ʵҪдԼҲȽϻ֣ǾͶൣɣףҲײ˶~

̲סС棬¿ľ˰ѽңҲа뻹ǿ~~

ãôһQRZ~ԭҪ˵˰ɣ޹ģ

¿Ӵţ~~

ոºץ棬Ҫȥܹ~¿ӾͰдĺаģңĸ²ٿӵˣңһСд~

ľˣ~

ྫʺ飬ԭֻ飬½365С˵--Www.365book.net